Głubczyce

Coordinates: 50°12′4″N 17°49′29″E / 50.20111°N 17.82472°E / 50.20111; 17.82472
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Leobschutz" redirects here. For the surname, see Lifshitz.
Głubczyce
Reconstructed town hall and a Marian column on the main square
Reconstructed town hall and a Marian column on the main square
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
48-100
Area code+48 77
Car platesOGL
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websiteglubczyce.pl

Głubczyce [ɡwupˈt͡ʂɨt͡sɛ] (Czech: Hlubčice or sparsely Glubčice, Silesian: Gubczyce or Gubczycy, German: Leobschütz) is a town in Opole Voivodeship in southern Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. It is the administrative seat of Głubczyce County and Gmina Głubczyce.

Geography

Głubczyce is situated on the Głubczyce Plateau (

Oder. The town centre is located approximately 62 km (39 miles) south of Opole and just northwest of Ostrava
.

History

Middle Ages

The area became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. The settlement named Glubcici was first mentioned in an 1107 deed. At the time, it was a small village, dominated by a large wooden castle. It stood on the right bank of the Psina River, which according to an 1137 peace treaty between the dukes Soběslav I of Bohemia and Bolesław III of Poland formed the border between the Moravian lands (then ruled by the Bohemian dukes) and the Polish province of Silesia. The exact date of the city foundation is unknown, but it is traceable back to 1224, when the town called Lubschicz held toll rights obtained from the Přemyslid king Ottokar I.

Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary

However, in 1241 the town was devastated during the Mongol invasion. During the city's rebuilding, the left bank of the Psina was also settled, and in 1270 city rights were confirmed by King Ottokar II of Bohemia. During this time, a wall was built around the city, complete with watchtowers and a moat. A large parish church was also constructed in the town, which had been assigned by King Ottokar II to the Order of Saint John in 1259. After his defeat in the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld, the town privileges were acknowledged by King Rudolf I of Germany. Ottokar's widow Kunigunda of Halych had a hospital erected, run by the Knights Hospitaller who established a commandry here. In 1298, the town received expanded rights from King Wenceslaus II. The privileges granted to the citizens were to serve as an example for other towns in the years that followed.

From about 1269, Hlubčice was part of the Moravian

Franciscan cloister in 1482. Upon his death three years later, his duchy was seized as a reverted fief by King Matthias Corvinus. In 1503 it was transferred to the Duchy of Krnov
(Karniów) and the town finally lost its status as a residence.

Modern era

19th-century view of the town hall and main square

While the Krnov principality was acquired by the

Protestant Reformation reached the town. George had married Beatrice de Frangepan, the widow of Matthias Corvinus' son John; he and his son George Frederick tried to exert Hohenzollern influence in the Lands of the Bohemian Crown which from 1526 onwards were ruled by the Catholic House of Habsburg. In 1558, a Lutheran church and school were built in Głubczyce. In response to this, Franciscans and Jews were expelled from the city. During the Thirty Years' War, the city was completely destroyed, most devastatingly by Swedish
forces in 1645.

After the

Silesian plebiscite was held in Upper Silesia. The percentage of 99.5% of Leobschütz citizens voted for Germany. The Silesian Uprisings
did not directly affect the city, which had almost exclusively German-speaking inhabitants.

Former synagoge, destroyed in 1938, with still existing parish church in the background

After the

Vistula–Oder Offensive, on 18 March 1945, Red Army troops began a siege of the town, which was resisted by the 18th SS Panzergrenadier Division (Tank grenadiers) and the 371st Wehrmacht division. The siege ended on March 24, and the Soviet
forces occupied the town. Approximately 40 percent of the town was destroyed in the siege or by Red Army troopers plundering in the first weeks of the occupation.

After the Soviet occupation, the name of the town was changed to Głubczyce, a more modern version of its historic Polish name Głupczyce. The town was transferred to the re-established

Republic of Poland according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. Also in accordance to the Potsdam Agreement, the remaining German population was expelled.[citation needed] New Polish settlers, some of whom refugees transferred from the Kresy in the Soviet-annexed former Polish eastern territories, made the town their home. Claims to the Głubczyce territory were raised by the Czechoslovak Republic, which even sent troops to the area in June 1945. The border dispute around Głubczyce was eventually settled in 1958 with the Czechoslovak-Polish border agreement.[7] The town became the seat of a Polish county, or powiat
, in 1946. Głubczyce lost that distinction in 1975, but regained it in 1999.

Economy

Głubczyce town budget income's sources as of 2015

The town of Głubczyce's economy is based around the

heating machinery production ("Galmet" and "Electromet").[9]

Population

Town hall in Głubczyce
Year (December 31) Town Gmina County
  1995 13,933 25,565 54,137
  2000 13,633 24,656 52,081
  2002 13,633 24,593 51,675
  2004 13,572 24,428 50,868
  2006 13,410 24,102 50,146
  2008 13,269 23,892 49,580
  2010 13,157 ? 49,091
  2012 13,052 23,270 47,896
  2014 12,911 23,012 47,262

Climate

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YEAR
  Average temperature °C (°F) -3 (26) -1 (30) 1 (33) 7 (44) 13 (55) 16 (60) 17 (62) 17 (62) 13 (55) 8 (46) 3 (37) -1 (30) 7 (44)
 
Precipitation
cm (inches)		 3.4 (1.3) 3 (1.2) 3.2 (1.3) 4.1 (1.6) 6.6 (2.6) 7.6 (3) 8.5 (3.4) 7.8 (3.1) 5.1 (2) 4 (1.6) 4.2 (1.6) 3.9 (1.6) 61.4 (24.1)

Sports

The local football club is Polonia Głubczyce.[10] It competes in the lower leagues.

Notable people

International relations

Głubczyce is a member of Cittaslow.

Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Głubczyce.

Gallery

  • Gothic-Baroque Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary
    Gothic-Baroque Church of the Nativity of Virgin Mary
  • Medieval defensive tower near Wiosenny Square
    Medieval defensive tower near Wiosenny Square
  • District Court
    District Court
  • Primary School No. 2
    Primary School No. 2
  • Fire brigade
    Fire brigade
  • Baroque Franciscan church and monastery
    Baroque Franciscan church and monastery

References

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  2. ^ "Historia Powiatu Prudnickiego - Starostwo Powiatowe w Prudniku". 2020-11-16. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
  3. ^ "Working Parties". Lamsdorf.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  4. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1
    .
  5. ^ "The Death Marches". Sub Camps of Auschwitz. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  6. Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk
    : 377.
  7. ISBN 3-7844-2781-2
    , p. 187.
  8. ^ S.A., eo Networks. "Strona główna - Powiatowy Urząd Pracy w Głubczycach". glubczyce.praca.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  9. ^ "Głubczyce". www.polskawliczbach.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  10. ^ "Polonia Głubczyce" (in Polish). Retrieved 8 May 2021.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Głubczyce&oldid=1203371287"