Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Akbar Khan Bugti
Personal details
BornDecember 1917 or 1919
Balochistan
ProfessionMir of the Bizenjo Tribe Baba e Balochistan (father of Balochistan)
In Search of Solutions: The Autobiography Of Mir Ghaus Buksh Bizenjo (pdf version), edited by B.M. Kutty, Published by Pakistan Labour Trust and University of Karachi's (KU) Pakistan Study Centre, 2009

Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo (

Balochistan. He served as the 3rd Governor of Balochistan.[1][2]

Early life

He was born in

Constitution of Pakistan of 1973.[1]

Education

Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo obtained his high school education up to the 8th Grade from Sandeman High School Quetta. After the 1935 earthquake, he got admission in Sindh Madrasa tul Islam, Karachi.[citation needed]

Then, for further education, Ghaus Bakhsh enrolled into

Aligarh University where he studied for four years, thus completing his formal education.[citation needed
]

Entry into politics

In 1938, after returning from

Aligarh, Ghaus Bakhsh joined the Baloch League, a party based in Karachi which was formed by some Baloch intellectuals.[citation needed
]

Gul Khan Nasir (left), Ataullah Mengal (middle) and Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo (right) in a group photo taken in Mach Jail

In 1939 the

Mir Gul Khan Nasir who was the Secretary Judicial Affairs, Mir Hammal Khan who was the Custom Officer, Mir Mohammad Faazal Khan Mohammad Shahi who was Education Minister and Faiz Mohammad Yousafzai who was Assistant Collector also tendered in their resignations though it is believed that the resignations of Mir Gul Khan and Mir Hammal Khan were accepted in 1941.[3] After this incident Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo joined the KSNP.[4] In fact, the resignations of Mir Gul Khan Nasir, Mir Abdul Aziz Kurd and Mir Hammal Khan are believed to have been tendered in as a result of Mir Ghaus Bakhsh's efforts. Initially he was against independence.[5]

Muslim League

After Balochistan joined Pakistan, the

Khan of Kalat Ahmed Yar Khan decided to join the Muslim League. He sent Ajmal Khan to go and persuade Mir Ghaus Bakhsh and Gul Khan Nasir to join the party with him. Both Ghaus Bakhsh and Gul Khan thought this would be a good opportunity to further their political cause so, they joined the party. Ghaus Bakhsh also persuaded Abdullah Jan Jamaldini, Ghulam Mohammed Baloch and Bahadur Khan
to join Muslim League. In 1955, all of West Pakistan's provinces and princely states were merged into one unit. This was not acceptable to the Baloch nationalists. So, on 14 July 1955, Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, Abdul Karim, Gul Khan Nasir, Mohammad Hussain Anqa and Qadir Bakhsh Nizamani formed the Usthman Gal which means "The People's Party".

Usthman Gal

In 1955, all of

Prince Abdul Karim, Mir Gul Khan Nasir, Mohammad Hussain Anqa and Qadir Bakhsh Nizamani formed the Usthman Gal which means "The People's Party".[6]

Pakistan National Party

In 1956, Usthman Gal and Warur Pashtun from Balochistan,

communists
.

National Awami Party

In 1957,

Maulana Bhashani broke off from Awami League and joined the Pakistan National Party (PNP), thus, the National Awami Party came into being. This became the biggest party of Pakistan containing within its folds, some of the most prominent progressive politicians of that era.[1]

Ayub's martial law

In 1958, Field Marshal

Mir Gul Khan Nasir and Faiz Mohammad Yousafzai were also imprisoned and put in the "Quli Camp".[1]

Here they were subjected to inhumane torture and abuse.

Mir Gul Khan Nasir
as saying:

"They kept
Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo separate from us and tortured him so much that when he was brought back I didn't recognize him. He used to shave but now the guards were bringing an old man with a beard."[8]

National Awami Party government

In the

Mir Gul Khan Nasir was a Senior Minister in this Government and held the portfolios of Education and Health. Nawab Khair Bakhsh Marri, Sardar Ahmed Nawaz Bugti and Sardar Abdul Rehman Baloch of KECH were other Members of the Provincial Assembly from NAP. Dr. Abdul Hai Baloch was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan.[9]

Constitutional Committee

Pakistan ran under the remnant of Martial Law LFO (Legal Framework Order) without any proper constitution. It was obligatory on the Legislature to frame a new constitution for a country, so it appointed a 25-member Constitutional committee composed of all the political parties represented in the parliament according to their strength on 17 April 1972, to prepare a draft of the permanent Constitution of Pakistan.

Pakistan Peoples Party work day and night for many months and framed a draft constitution which was presented in the parliament and adopted as the well-known 1973 constitution.[1]

Khan Amirzadah Khan deliberated and delivered his famous speech of 5 hours and 35 minutes on this constitution, this speech is still holding the record of the longest extempore speech of the National Assembly of Pakistan.

According to this constitution, no person could hold membership of more than 1 Assembly at a time. Hence,

Khan Abdul Wali Khan
resigned from the membership of NWFP assembly and retained the seat of National Assembly of Pakistan. On the advice of the party leadership, Khan Amirzadah Khan resigned from the National Assembly and retained the membership of NWFP assembly seat. Where Khan Amirzadah Khan was elected as leader of the opposition, which he retained till the end of the tenure of the assembly.

Dismissal of NAP government and arrest

In 1973, the

Bhutto regime citing Nawab Akbar Bugti's claim that the NAP Leaders were trying to disintegrate Pakistan as a basis, dismissed the NAP Government. Mir Ghaus Bakhsh resigned in protest. Mir Gul Khan Nasir and Sardar Abdul Rehman were arrested. A few days later Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, Ataullah Mengal, Khair Bakhsh Marri, Mir Ghaus Bakhsh's son Bizen and Colonel (R) Sultan Mohammad Khan
(the head of Balochistan Reserve Police) were arrested. They spent more than four years in jail.

Hyderabad tribunal

Main article: Hyderabad tribunal

Later, a commission known as Hyderabad tribunal, was set up and Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo,

Khan Abdul Wali Khan, Khan Amirzadah Khan, Syed Muhammad Kaswar Gardezi, Habib Jalib
and many others had to defend themselves in a treason case in front of the tribunal.

After the ouster of

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's government by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, negotiations for the winding up of the Hyderabad tribunal
and the release of all detainees was initiated leading to their eventual release in 1979.

NDP and PNP parties

After their release Khair Bakhsh Marri and

Pakistan National Party (PNP) while Ataullah Mengal went into exile in London.[10]

After some time, Mir Ghaus Bakhsh and Mir Gul Khan Nasir had a falling out due to which

Gul Khan
(who was the President of PNP Balochistan) resigned from his post in the party.

On 14 August 1986,

Pakistan National Party had also tried to reach the protest meeting to make a speech, but was also arrested.[10]

In 1988, Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo took part in the elections but lost. This was Mir Bizenjo's last election.

Death

Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo died on 11 August 1989. His sons remain active in Baloch politics. After the death of Mir Ghaus Bakhsh, his son Mir Bizen Bizenjo took over the political faction of his father. But after sometime, Ghaus Bakhsh's younger son Mir Hasil Bizenjo rose to prominence while Bizen Bizenjo faded into the background.[11]

Legacy

Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo along with

Nawab Yousaf Aziz Magsi, Abdul Aziz Kurd
, Mir Gul Khan Nasir and Faiz Mohammad Yousafzai is considered to be one of the founders of democratic politics in Balochistan and is, to this day, remembered as "Baba i Balochistan" or "The Father of Balochistan" by Baloch nationalists.

In 2017, at a public meeting organized on the 28th death anniversary of Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, the then chief minister of Balochistan

Sanaullah Zehri criticized the people waging a war against Pakistan and under the cover of Baloch liberation. He stated that these political leaders were enjoying their lives in Europe and in other Western countries and yet they were inciting local Baloch people to rebel against the state of Pakistan. He praised Bizenjo's politics of reconciliation with the state of Pakistan. He also said that Bizenjo never favoured militancy in Balochistan and always preferred talks to bring durable peace and development in Balochistan.[2]

Bibliography

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g I.A. Rehman (21 December 2017). "Bizenjo and his politics". Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b Mohammad Zafar (23 October 2017). "Militancy pushed Balochistan 50 years back: Zehri". The Express Tribune (newspaper). Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  3. ^ "Warsa i Nasiriyat" by "Abdul Sabur Baloch" p36,37.
  4. ^ "Ashaaq Kay Qaaflay" by "Dr. Shah Mohammad Marri" p38,39.
  5. ^ "Post Colonial Balochistan". Scribed.com website. 26 December 2009. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  6. ^ "Ashaaq Kay Qaaflay" by "Dr. Shah Mohammad Marri" p61.
  7. ^ "Ashaaq Kay Qaaflay" by "Dr. Shah Mohammad Marri" p64 para1.
  8. ^ "Ashaaq Kay Qaaflay" by Dr. Shah Mohammad Marri, p. 64, 65.
  9. ^ "Warsa i Nasiriyat" by "Abdul Sabur Baloch"
  10. ^ a b Police Arrest Bhutto, Kill Four Protesters in Pakistan Los Angeles Times (newspaper), Published 14 August 1986, Retrieved 16 May 2020
  11. ^ "Mir Hasil Bizenjo". ARY NEWS. 15 August 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Raisani
Governor of Balochistan

1972 – 1973 		Succeeded by
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