Government of Sudan
Republic of the Sudan جمهورية سودان ( Prime Minister | |
---|---|
Currently | Osman Hussein (acting) |
Appointer | Transitional Sovereignty Council |
The Government of Sudan is the
Executive
Office | Name | Party | Since |
---|---|---|---|
Presidency | Transitional Sovereignty Council
|
Multipartisan | 11 November 2021 |
Prime Minister
|
Osman Hussein (acting) | Independent | 19 January 2022 |
President al-Bashir's government was dominated by members of Sudan's National Islamic Front (NIF), a fundamentalist political organization formed from the Muslim Brotherhood in 1986. In 1998, the NIF founded the National Congress Party (NCP) as its legal front. the NCP/NIF dominates much of Khartoum's overall domestic and foreign policies. President al-Bashir named a new cabinet on April 20, 1996 which includes members of the NIF, serving and retired military officers, and civilian technocrats. On March 8, 1998, he reshuffled the cabinet and brought in several former rebel and opposition members as ministers. He reshuffled his cabinet again on January 24, 2000 but announced few changes. A government of national unity was sworn in on 22 September, with 16 members from the National Congress, nine from the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and two from the northern opposition National Democratic Alliance, which left the seats vacant in protest over how the posts were allocated. The Darfur rebels were not represented. Al-Bashir, as chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation (RCC), assumed power on June 30, 1989 and served concurrently as chief of state, chairman of the RCC, prime minister, and minister of defense until 16 October 1993 when he was appointed president by the RCC; upon its dissolution on 16 October 1993, the RCC's executive and legislative powers were devolved to the president and the Transitional National Assembly (TNA), Sudan's appointed legislative body, which has since been replaced by the National Assembly elected in March 1996; on December 12, 1999 Bashir dismissed the National Assembly during an internal power struggle between the president and speaker of the Parliament Hassan al-Turabi.
On April 11, 2019, al-Bashir was ousted in a coup led by Vice President and Defense Minister Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf, with his government then being dissolved afterwards.[15][16] On April 12, 2019, Auf, who still served as Minister of Defense, handed power to Lt. General Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan, general inspector of the armed forces.[17][18] Auf would also give up his position as Minister of Defense on April 14, 2019.[19] On October 25, 2021, Burhan dissolved the Sudanese government and the Sovereignty Council which ruled Sudan in the aftermath of al-Bashir's downfall following another successful coup.[20][21][22]
Ministries
Ministries include:
- Defense
- Education
- Finance
- Foreign Affairs
- Higher Education and Scientific Research
- Information
- Justice
- Oil and Gas
Legislative
The country was recently in a transitional period following the signing of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) on 9 January 2005 that officially ended the
Judicial
Legal system
The legal system
Administrative divisions
Sudan is divided into eighteen states, each of which were governed by a governor and council of ministers, each member of each state of council of ministers were appointed by the president of the country. The elections of governors was different from others, the president picks three people who he decided will be running against each other, the one who wins at least 50% popular vote is the governor of that state. If no one wins at least 50% popular vote, the person with the fewest votes is disqualified from the campaign and they redo the election and then someone has to have at least 50% popular vote. State governments and their legislative councils were also dissolved during the April 2019 coup. The following are the states of Sudan:
- North Kordofan (ولاية شمال كردفان Wilāyat Shamāl Kurdufān)
- Northern(ولاية الشمالية Wilāyat ash-Shamāliyyah)
- Kassala(ولاية كسّلا Wilāyat Kassalā)
- Blue Nile(ولاية النيل الأزرق Wilāyat an-Nīl al-Azraq)
- North Darfur (ولاية شمال دارفور Wilāyat Shamāl Dārfūr)
- South Darfur (ولاية جنوب دارفور Wilāyat Janūb Dārfūr)
- South Kordofan (ولاية جنوب كردفان Wilāyat Janūb Kurdufān)
- Gezira(ولاية الجزيرة Wilāyat al-Jazīrah)
- White Nile(ولاية النيل الأبيض Wilāyat an-Nīl al-Abyaḍ)
- River Nile(ولاية نهر النيل Wilāyat Nahr an-Nīl)
- Red Sea(ولاية البحر الأحمر Wilāyat al-Baḥr al-Aḥmar)
- Al Qadarif(ولاية القضارف Wilāyat al-Qaḍārif)
- Sennar(ولاية سنّار Wilāyat Sinnār)
- West Darfur (ولاية غرب دارفور Wilāyat Gharb Dārfūr)
- Central Darfur (ولاية وسط دارفور Wilāyat Wasṭ Dārfūr)
- East Darfur (ولاية شرق دارفور Wilāyat Sharq Dārfūr)
- West Kordofan (ولاية غرب كردفان Wilāyat Gharb Kurdufān)
State and local government
Relations between the central government and local authorities have been a persistent problem in Sudan.
International organization participation
- African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States
- African Development Bank
- African Union
- Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
- Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
- Arab League, formally the League of Arab States
- Arab Monetary Fund
- Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
- Council of Arab Economic Unity
- Food and Agriculture Organization
- Group of 77 (G77)
- Intergovernmental Authority on Development
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- International Civil Aviation Organization
- International Criminal Court
- International Criminal Police Organization - Interpol
- International Development Association
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
- International Finance Corporation
- International Fund for Agricultural Development
- International Labour Organization
- International Maritime Organization
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- International Olympic Committee (IOC)
- International Organization for Migration
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
- International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
- International Telecommunication Union
- Inter-Parliamentary Union
- Islamic Development Bank
- Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
- Non-Aligned Movement
- Organisation of African Unity
- Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
- Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
- Permanent Court of Arbitration
- UNESCO
- UNICEF
- United Nations
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
- United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
- United Nations University
- Universal Postal Union (UPU)
- World Customs Organization
- World Health Organization
- World Intellectual Property Organization
- World Meteorological Organization
- World Tourism Organization(UNWTO)
- World Trade Organization (observer)
See also
References
- ^ "Africa :: Sudan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ Adam, Ahmed H. "What next for Sudan after Bashir's nomination for a third term?". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- JSTOR 41858375.
- ^ Olivia Warham, Special for. "President al-Bashir feels heat from 'Sudanese Spring'". CNN. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Human Rights Watch World Report 1994 - Sudan". Refworld. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "Sudan's military removes al-Bashir: All the latest updates". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "| Time". Archived from the original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ Abdelaziz, Khalid (2019-04-13). "Head of Sudan's military council steps down, a day after Bashir toppled". Reuters. Retrieved 2019-05-09.
- ^ "Sudan's defense minister, who ousted nation's longtime leader, resigns just one day after takeover - The Washington Post". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
- ^ "Sudan coup leader resigns, protesters celebrate 'triumph'". 2019-04-12.
- ^ "Sudan replaces military leader linked to genocide, rejects extraditing ex-president". CBC News. 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
- ^ "Sudan's Burhan declares state of emergency, dissolves government". Reuters. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ "Sudan coup leader restores restructured Sovereignty Council". Radio Dabanga. Khartoum. 11 November 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
- ^ "Sudan's Burhan dismisses Hemedti of his position". Al Bawaba. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
- ^ "Sudanese army says it holds president, won't extradite him". PBS NewsHour. April 12, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "Sudan's government has been dissolved". edition.cnn.com. April 11, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "Sudan's deputy head of transitional military appointed". euronews. April 12, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "The Latest: Sudan's post-coup transitional leader steps down - SFGate". Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2019-04-12.
- ^ "Sudan military vows to reform intelligence service amid protests". Aljazeera. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ "Sudan's Burhan declares state of emergency, dissolves government". Reuters. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ "'Utterly unacceptable': World reacts to Sudan 'coup'". Al Jazeera English. 2021-10-25. Archived from the original on 2021-10-25. Retrieved 2021-10-26.
- ^ "Live: Sudan's General Burhan dissolves government, declares state of emergency". France 24. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ Sarah El Sirgany, Nima Elbagir and Yasir Abdullah (2019-04-11). "Sudan's President Bashir forced out in military coup". CNN. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8444-0750-0. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.)
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External links