National Congress Party (Sudan)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Nationalist Congress Party.

National Congress Party
المؤتمر الوطني
LeaderOmar al-Bashir
Founded1998 (1998)[1][2]
Banned29 November 2019
Preceded byNational Islamic Front
HeadquartersKhartoum
Paramilitary wingPopular Defence Forces
IdeologyIslamism[3]
Arab nationalism[3]
Salafism
Social conservatism
Authoritarianism
Militarism
Populism[4]
ReligionSunni Islam
International affiliationMuslim Brotherhood
Colours  Green
Website
Official website

The National Congress Party (NCP;

Sudanese Revolution
.

After the split of the National Islamic Front (NIF), the party was divided into two parties. The Islamic Movement led by its secretary Hassan al-Turabi and the military commanded by Omar al-Bashir launched a military coup against Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi and President Ahmed al-Mirghani in 1989. Omar al-Bashir, who also became president of the National Congress Party and Sudan, seized power and began institutionalising Sharia at a national level.

After a military coup in 1969, Sudanese President Gaafar Nimeiry abolished all other political parties, effectively dissolving the Islamic parties. Following political transition in 1985, Turabi reorganised the former party into the National Islamic Front (NIF), which pushed for an Islamist constitution. The NIF ultimately backed another military coup bringing to power Omar al-Bashir, who publicly endorsed the NIF’s Islamist agenda. The party structure was composed at the national level of the General Conference, the Shura Council and the Leadership Council, and the Executive Office.

The NCP was established in 1998 by key political figures in the National Islamic Front (NIF) as well as other politicians. The rule of the NCP was the longest in independent contemporary Sudanese history. It grew out of the Islamist student activism of the Muslim Brotherhood, passing through the same revolutionary salafi jihadism. The party followed the ideologies of Islamism, Pan-Arabism, and Arab nationalism.

The NCP was banned by the

Sovereignty Council of Sudan in the aftermath of the military takeover on 29 November 2019.[5] All party properties were confiscated and all party members were barred from participating in elections or holding office for ten years.[6]

Formation of the party

NCP logo used in the 2010 Sudanese elections, dropped after South Sudan gained independence in 2011.

With Omar al-Bashir becoming

conspiracy before being released in October 2003.[8]

Approving South Sudanese autonomy

In 2000, following the Sudanese government approving

SPLM in 2005, the NCP-dominated government of Sudan allowed Southern Sudan autonomy for six years, to be followed by a referendum on independence in 2011, thus ending the Second Sudanese Civil War. South Sudan
voted in favour of secession.

War in Darfur

Since the outbreak of the

people have been displaced[13] and the diplomatic relations between Sudan and Chad has never been worse.[14] This has led to the International Criminal Court (ICC) indicting State Minister for Humanitarian Affairs Ahmed Haroun and alleged Muslim Janjawid militia leader Ali Mohammed Ali, also known as Ali Kushayb, in relation to the atrocities in the region.[15] On 14 July 2008, ten criminal charges were announced against President Omar al-Bashir, and subsequently. a warrant for his arrest was issued.[16][17][18] As of June 2019, al-Bashir, Haroun and Abdel Rahim Mohammed Hussein, also a member of the National Congress and indicted by the ICC, were held under detention by Sudanese authorities while the Transitional Military Council held power.[19][20] Kushayb and Abdallah Banda, also indicted by the ICC, remained fugitives as of June 2019.[19][20]

2010 election

Main article: 2010 Sudanese general election

Despite his international arrest warrant, President

President of South Sudan.[22][23]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Candidate Votes % Result
2000 Omar al-Bashir 86.5% Elected Green tickY
2010 6,901,694 68.24% Elected Green tickY
2015 5,252,478 94.05% Elected Green tickY

National Assembly elections

Election Leader Votes % Seats +/– Position Result
2000 Omar al-Bashir
350 / 360
 Increase 350 Increase 1st Supermajority government
2010
323 / 450
 Decrease 32 Steady 1st Supermajority government
2015 3,915,590 78.32%
323 / 426
 Steady Steady 1st Supermajority government

See also

References

  1. ^ "Constitutional History of Sudan".
  2. JSTOR 41858370
    .
  3. ^ a b "Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  4. ^ Jideonwo, Chude (30 May 2016). "We've seen Donald Trump's type of populism in Africa, it always ends in tears". Quartz Africa. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  5. ^ "Omar al-Bashir: How Sudan's military strongmen stayed in power". BBC News. 12 April 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  6. ^ "Omar al-Bashir's political party banned in Sudan". Peoples Dispatch. 29 November 2019. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  7. ^ "Profile: Sudan's President Bashir". BBC News. 25 November 2003. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  8. ^ Wasil Ali, "Sudanese Islamist opposition leader denies link with Darfur rebels Archived 12 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine", Sudan Tribune, 13 May 2008.
  9. ^ "Q&A: Sudan's Darfur conflict". BBC News. 23 February 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  10. ^ "The World Factbook - Sudan". CIA. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  11. ^ "People's Daily Online - Darfur peace talks to resume in Abuja on Tuesday: AU". English.peopledaily.com.cn. 28 November 2005. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  12. ^ "Hundreds Killed in Attacks in Eastern Chad - washingtonpost.com". The Washington Post. 11 April 2007. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  13. ^ de Montesquiou, Alfred (16 October 2006). "AUF Ineffective, Complain Refugees in Darfur". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  14. ^ "Sudan cuts Chad ties over attack". BBC News. 11 May 2008. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  15. ^ Walker, Peter (14 July 2008). "Sudan's Bashir charged with Darfur war genocide World news guardian.co.uk". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  16. ^ International Criminal Court (14 July 2008). "ICC Prosecutor presents case against Sudanese President, Hassan Ahmad AL BASHIR, for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in Darfur". Archived from the original on 25 August 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2009.
  17. ^ International Criminal Court (4 March 2009). "Warrant of Arrest for Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2009. (358 KB). Retrieved on 4 March 2009
  18. ^ BBC News, 4 March 2009. Warrant issued for Sudan's Bashir . Retrieved on 4 March 2009
  19. ^ a b Elbagir, Nima (15 April 2019). "As Bashir faces court, Sudan's protesters keep the music alive". CNN. Archived from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  20. ^ a b Bensouda, Fatou (19 June 2019). "Statement to the United Nations Security Council on the Situation in Darfur, pursuant to UNSCR 1593 (2005)". International Criminal Court. Archived from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  21. ^ "SudanTribune article : SPLM Kiir to run for president in Sudan 2009 elections". Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
  22. ^ "SPLM Kiir to run for president in Sudan 2009 elections - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  23. ^ "SPLM Kiir to run for president in Sudan 2009 elections". Sudan Tribune. 27 July 2008. Archived from the original on 2 November 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2009.

External links

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