Habenaria
Rein orchids | |
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Habenaria marginata | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Orchidaceae |
Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
Tribe: | Orchideae |
Subtribe: | Orchidinae
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Genus: | Habenaria Willd.[1] |
Species | |
Over 800, see List of Habenaria species | |
Synonyms[2] | |
List
|
Habenaria, commonly called rein orchids
Description
Plants in the genus Habenaria are mainly terrestrial plants with fleshy tubers and upright, tall, thin or fleshy stems. The leaves are either arranged in a rosette at the base of the plants or scattered up the stem. The flowers are resupinate, usually small, white, green or yellowish and arranged along a tall flowering stem. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap to form a hood over the column. The labellum has a spur and usually three lobes which may be short or long and threadlike. The distinguishing feature of the genus is the presence of two club-shaped projections on the stigma.[3][5][6]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Habenaria was first formally described in 1805 by Carl Ludwig Willdenow and the description was published in Species Plantarum.[1][7] The generic name is derived from the Latin word habena meaning "thong", "strap" or "rein".[8]
See also
Distribution and habitat
Rein orchids are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and with centres of diversity in Africa and Brazil. Seventeen species are known in Australia.[3][5]
References
- ^ a b c "Habenaria". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ "Habenaria Willd". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ^ ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ "Taxonomy - Habenaria". UniProt. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
- ^ a b "Habenaria". Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
- ^ "Genus: Habenaria". North American Orchid Conservation Center. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
- ^ Willdenow, Carl L. (1805). Species Plantarum (5th ed.). Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius. pp. 5, 44. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
- ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 761.
External links
- Media related to Habenaria at Wikimedia Commons
- Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Habenaria". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.