Hymenopterida
| Hymenopterida | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male small skipper (Thymelicus sylvestris) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| (unranked): | Eumetabola |
| (unranked): | Holometabola |
| Superorder: | Hymenopterida |
| Orders | |
| |
Hymenopterida is a
Trichoptera and Lepidoptera).[1] However, more recent studies find Hympenoptera as sister to the other members of Holometabola and the superorder is restricted to Hymenoptera.[2]
Evolution
The following phylogenetic tree shows the internal relationships of the superorder as a clade of Hymenoptera and the orders that comprise Panorpida.[3][4]
| Endopterygota |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Holometabola) |
More recent molecular analyses find a different arrangement within Holometabola, with Hymenoptera as the earliest branching group.[5]
| Holometabola |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.png){kind=small}
.jpg){kind=small}
.jpg){kind=small}
.jpg){kind=small}
.jpg){kind=small}
References
- ^ Weaver J.S.I. The Evolution And Classification Of Trichoptera, With A Revision Of The Lepidostomatidae And A North American Synopsis Of This Family. Degree: Ph.D. Degree Year: 1983 Institute: Clemson University
- ^ Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael S. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
- ^ Yeates, David K.; Wiegmann, Brian. "Endopterygota Insects with complete metamorphosis". Tree of Life. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- ISBN 978-0-231-50170-5.
- PMID 27558853.
External links
Data related to Hymenopterida at Wikispecies
