Iranians in France
Total population | |
---|---|
Residents of France born in Iran:[1] 9,715 non-French nationals 8,661 French nationals (Statistics from 1999. May include non-Iranians.) | |
Languages | |
French, Persian (also Azerbaijani, Armenian, Kurdish, and others) | |
Religion | |
Shia Islam, irreligious | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Iranian diaspora |
Iranians in France include immigrants from Iran to France as well as their descendants of Iranian heritage or background. Iranians in France are referred to by hyphenated terms such as French-Iranians or French-Persians.
Terminology
French-Iranian is used interchangeably with French-Persian,
There is a tendency among French-Iranians to categorize themselves as "Persian" rather than "Iranian", mainly to dissociate themselves from the
History
Early history
Early 20th century
France was a popular destination for
Notable Iranians who studied in France include
After the Iranian Revolution
Today, Iranians in France consist primarily of "political emigrants", who left Iran immediately after the revolution, because their association with communists, monarchists, or other opposition groups put them in danger, and "socio-cultural emigrants"—especially women and youths—who had little political affiliation but left Iran more slowly in the years following the revolution due to despair over the future of Iranian society.
Year | 1975 | 1980 | 1990 | 2003 | 2004 | 2006 | 2009 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Persons | 3,300 | 13,193 | 15,209 | 11,609 | 10,974 | ~15,000 |
Notable people
- Anicée Alvina, singer and actress
- Babak Amir-Tahmasseb, world champion kayaker
- Barbara Pravi, singer, songwriter and actress (nationality is French, but her maternal grandfather, Hossein Zenderoudi, is Iranian)
- Golshifteh Farahani, actress and musician
- Soheil Ayari, race car driver
- Sarah Kazemy, actress
- Mansour Bahrami, professional tennis player and entertainer
- Darya Dadvar, soprano soloist
- Heydar Ghiai, architect
- Mahmoud Khayami, founder of Iran Khodro
- Darius Khondji, cinematographer
- Mehran Karimi Nasseri, famous refugee
- Tristane Banon, journalist and writer.
- Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari, former Queen of Iran, actress
- Shapour Bakhtiar, political scientist, writer and the last Prime Minister of Iran under king Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay
- Bahram Aryana, former military commander under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- Patrick Ali Pahlavi, member of the Pahlavi dynasty
- Aravane Rezaï, professional tennis player
- Philippe Khorsand, actor
- Mahyar Monshipour, boxer
- Djahanguir Riahi, French furniture collector
- Marjane Satrapi, graphic novelist
- Abbas Gharabaghi, the last chief of staff of the Iranian armed forces as well as deputy commander-In-chief of the Iranian Imperial Army during the rule of the Pahlavi dynasty.
- Abolhassan Banisadr, politician, economist and human rights activist
See also
References
Notes
- ^ OECD 2004
- ^ S2CID 146592244.
... the majority of the participants self-identified themselves as Persian instead of Iranian, due to the stereotypes and negative portrayals of Iranians in the media and politics. Adolescents from Jewish and Baháʼí faiths asserted their religious identity more than their ethnic identity. The fact Iranians use Persian interchangeably is nothing to do with current Iranian government because the name Iran was used before this period as well. Linguistically modern Persian is a branch of Old Persian in the family of Indo-European languages and that includes all the minorities as well more inclusively.
- ISBN 978-0-7575-0637-6.
Iranian/Persian Americans – The flow of Iranian citizens into the United States began in 1979, during and after the Islamic Revolution.
- ISBN 978-1-57356-345-1. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
- ^ Racial and Ethnic Relations in America, Carl Leon Bankston,"Therefore, Turkish and Iranian (Persian) Americans, who are Muslims but not ethnically Arabs, are often mistakenly..", Salem Press, 2000
- ISBN 978-0-542-97374-1. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
According to previous studies, the presence of heterogeneity is evident among Iranian immigrants (also known as Persians – Iran was known as Persia until 1935) who came from myriads of religious (Muslim, Christian, Jewish, Armenian, Assyrian, Baháʼí and Zoroastrian), ethnic (Turk, Kurds, Baluchs, Lurs, Turkamans, Arabs, as well as tribes such as Ghasghaie, and Bakhtiari), linguistic/dialogic background (Persian, Azari, Gialki, Mazandarani, Kurdish, Arabic, and others). Cultural, religious and political, and various other differences among Iranians reflect their diverse social and interpersonal interactions. Some studies suggest that, despite the existence of subgroup within Iranian immigrants (e.g. various ethno-religious groups), their nationality as Iranians has been an important point of reference and identifiable source of their identification as a group across time and setting.
- ^ Yarshater, Ehsan Persia or Iran, Persian or Farsi Archived 2010-10-24 at the Wayback Machine, Iranian Studies, vol. XXII no. 1 (1989)
- ISBN 0385528426, 9780385528429. p. 161
- ISBN 9781568591773. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-674-04493-7.
- ISBN 978-1-317-47621-4.
- ISBN 978-1-4381-1913-7.
- ISBN 978-0-313-32384-3.
- ^ Elizabeth Chacko, Contemporary ethnic geographies in America // Ines M. Miyares, Christopher A. Airriess (eds.), Rowman & Littlefield, 2007, pp. 325–326
- ^ "Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition". Collinsdictionary.com. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
- ^ "Definition of "Persian"". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
- ^ Dédéyan 2007, p. 919.
- ISSN 0135-0536.
- ^ United States Department of Agriculture (1848). Annual Reports of the Department of Agriculture ... : Report of the Secretary of Agriculture. Reports of Chiefs. United States Government Printing Office. p. 192.
- ^ Bradshaw, George (1807). Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand Book to France. London. p. 110.
- ISBN 978-0-936347-93-6.
- ^ FRANCE xvii. Persian Community in France - retrieved 19 October 2015
- ^ (Maḥbūbi, Moʾassasāt I, pp. 320-39)
- ^ Cronin 2003, p. 138
- ^ Cronin 2003, p. 139
- ^ Chehabi 1990, p. 194
- ^ Chehabi 1990, p. 104
- ^ Nassehi-Behnam 1991
- ^ Ibrahim 1987
- ^ (in French) Quid Géographie humaine (France) - Étrangers en France Archived 2008-05-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ (in French) Les Iraniens de l’Ouest, CAUCAZ.COM, 2006/04/23
Sources
- Chehabi, Houchang E. (1990), Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini, I. B. Tauris, ISBN 978-1-85043-198-5
- Cronin, Stephanie (2003), The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society Under Riza Shah 1921-1941, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-30284-5
- Dédéyan, Gérard (2007) [1982], Histoire du peuple arménien (in French), Toulouse: Privately printed
- Ibrahim, Youssef M. (1987-12-08), "France Expelling Iranian Opponents of Khomeini", The New York Times, retrieved 2008-11-10
- Nassehi-Behnam, Vida (1991), "Iranian Immigrants in France", in Fathi, Asghar (ed.), Iranian Refugees and Exiles since Khomeini, United States: Mazda, pp. 102–118, ISBN 978-0-939214-68-6
- International migration database, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2004, archived from the original on 2005-05-11, retrieved 2008-11-10
Further reading
- Nassehi-Behnam, Vida (2000), "Diaspora iranienne en France: Changement et continuité (Iranian diaspora in France: change and continuity)", Cahiers d'études sur la Méditerranée orientale et le monde turco-iranien (30): 135–149, retrieved 2008-11-10
- FRANCE xvii. Persian Community in France - Retrieved 19 October 2015