Iroquois kinship
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Iroquois kinship (also known as bifurcate merging) is a
Kinship system
The system has both classificatory and descriptive terms. In addition to gender and generation, Iroquois kinship also distinguishes 'same-sex' and 'cross-sex' parental siblings: the brothers of Ego's (the subject from whose perspective the kinship is based) father, and the sisters of Ego's mother, are referred to by the same parental kinship terms used for Ego's Father and Mother. The sisters of Ego's father, and the brothers of Ego's mother, on the other hand, are referred to by non-parental kinship terms, commonly translated into English as "Aunt" and "Uncle".
The children of one's parents' same-sex siblings, i.e.
Marriage
Ego (the subject from whose perspective the kinship is based) is encouraged to marry his
Usage
The term Iroquois comes from the six
"Iroquois tradition had the lineage of the clan or tribe traced through the mother's side. However, the amount of power women held in the tribe decreased with time due to the American revolution."[2] (Lappas, Thomas).
Some groups in other countries also happen to be independently organized for kinship by the Iroquois system. It is commonly found in unilineal descent groups. These include:
- The Odawa and Potawatomi peoples. Many of these people were traditional neighbors to the Iroquois, but they spoke languages of the Algonquianfamily.
Other populations found to have the Iroquois system are
- Most of the for an example.
- Many Melanesian societies.
South India and Sri Lanka
Some communities in South India use the kinship tradition described above.[3]
Melanesia
Many of the cultures of Vanuatu use this type of kinship system. In Bislama (Vanuatu pidgin), paternal uncles and maternal aunts are referred to as smol papa "small father" and smol mama "small mother" respectively.
See also
- Family
- Kinship and descent
- Marriage
- Cultural anthropology
- Anthropology
- List of anthropologists
References
- ^ Schwimmer, Brian. "Systematic Kinship Terminologies". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
- S2CID 149225721.
- ^ The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State.
- Lappas, Thomas. ""for God and Home and Native Land": The Haudenosaunee and the Women's Christian Temperance Union, 1884–1921." Journal of Women's History 29.2 (2017): 62-85. ProQuest. Web. 28 Feb. 2022.
- Starna, William A. "Lewis H. Morgan on Iroquois Material Culture." The American Indian Quarterly, vol. 20, no. 1, winter 1996, pp. 137+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A18832341/AONE?u=tel_a_pstcc&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=18e8d6c0. Accessed 1 Mar. 2022.
- William Haviland, Cultural Anthropology, Wadsworth Publishing, 2002. ISBN 0-534-27479-X
- The Nature of Kinship
- Schwimmer: Kinship and Social Organization: An Interactive Tutorial: Iroquois terminology
- Hammond-Tooke, W. D., 2004. Southern Bantu origins: light from kinship terminology. Southern African Humanities Vol. 16 Pages 71–78 Pietermaritzburg December, 2004