John Jennings (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral

Sir John Jennings
Admiral; Sir John Jennings
	War of Spanish Succession

British House of Commons between 1705 and 1734. He commanded HMS Kent at Cadiz and Vigo in 1702 during the War of the Spanish Succession. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Jamaica Station, then Senior Naval Lord and finally Governor of Greenwich Hospital

.

Early life

Jennings was the fifteenth child of Philip Jennings of Duddleston Hall, Shropshire and his wife Christian Eyton, daughter of

Royalist cause during the English Civil War. He married Alice Breton.^[1]

Naval career

Jennings was appointed a lieutenant on

St Malo privateer.^[2] Shortly afterwards, together with the frigate HMS Rye, he fell in with three French ships: one quickly surrendered, and Jennings, leaving the Rye to look after their prize, pursued the other two and succeeded in compelling one to strike her flag after a vigorous defence. Having conducted their prizes to port, the Rye and the Plymouth fell in with the Severn, a British man-of-war, and the three ships steered together for the coast of France, where they took five vessels laden with wine from Bordeaux, and a small ship of war.^[4]

On the outbreak of the

vice admiral in 1708 and admiral in 1709. His attack on Tenerife in 1706 was unsuccessful. He commanded the fleet off Lisbon from 1708 to 1710, and was later Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet.^[2]

Parliamentary career

At the

Member of Parliament for Queenborough. He was absent from the division on the choice of Speaker on 25 October 1705 and was absent on active service until the winter of 1707–8. Then in November he gave evidence to the Lords on the encouragement of trade in the West Indies and in January 1708 gave evidence on the bill for the encouragement of seamen. He also submitted a paper containing thirteen proposals to improve methods of manning the fleet, of which three were included in a Lords address to the Queen. He was returned again for Queenborough at the 1708 British general election. In parliament, he supported the naturalization of the Palatines in 1709 and voted for the impeachment of Dr Sacheverell in 1710. At the 1710 British general election, he was defeated at Queenborough, but was returned in the poll as MP for Portsmouth. However he was unseated on petition on 3 February 1711.^[1]

Jennings was returned as MP for

Handel and others.^[7]

He was also appointed governor of Greenwich Hospital and Ranger of Greenwich Park from 1720, and presented the marble statue of George II by Rysbrack which stands in the Grand Square of the hospital.^[2] in September 1721, he was advanced to Senior Naval Lord^[8] Also in 1721, he acquired Newsells Bury at Barkway in Hertfordshire.^[3]^[9] He was becoming deaf, but resigned from the Admiralty Board in June 1727 because he objected to serving under Lord Berkeley, the first Sea lord. He was returned again as MP for Rochester at the 1727 British general election. Although Berkeley was dismissed from the Admiralty board in 1727, Jennings was not keen to return, hoping instead for a promotion or peerage. He was promoted to rear-admiral of England in January 1733, but resigned a year later when Sir John Norris was made admiral of the fleet and commander in chief.^[10]

Death and legacy

Jennings died at Greenwich on 23 December 1743 at the age of 79, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.^[11] A separate monument exists at Barkway Parish Church sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack.^[12]

With his wife Alice, he had one son, George, who duly inherited Newsells.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "JENNINGS, Sir John (1664-1743), of Byfleet, Surr". History of Parliament Online (1690-1715). Retrieved 4 May 2019.
^
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14760. Retrieved 17 October 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Laughton, John Knox (1892). "Jennings, John" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ Campbell, p. 228
^ Cundall, p. xx
^ ^a ^b ^c "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
^ Thomas McGeary. The Politics of Opera in Handel's Britain. Cambridge University Press, 2013. p.254
^ Rodger, p. 51-52
^ Prince, p. 101
^ "JENNINGS, Sir John (1664-1743), of Newsells, in Barkway, Herts". History of Parliament Online (1715-1754). Retrieved 4 May 2019.
^ "Sir John Jennings". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
^ Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.338

Sources

Campbell, John (1813). Naval history of Great Britain, including the history and lives of the British admirals. Vol. 4. Stockdale.
Cundall, Frank (1915). Historic Jamaica. West India Committee.
Laughton, John Knox (1892). "Jennings, John" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Prince, Hugh C. (2008). Parks in Hertfordshire Since 1500. University of Hertfordshire Press.
ISBN 978-0954218997
.

ISBN 0900963948
.

External links

Portrait of Sir John Jennings by Kneller, from the National Maritime Museum collection

Parliament of England
Preceded by Thomas King Robert Crawford	Thomas King	Succeeded by Parliament of Great Britain
Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Parliament of England	Thomas King 1707–1708 Henry Withers 1708–1710	Succeeded by Thomas King James Herbert
Preceded by Admiral George Churchill Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Wager	Member of Parliament for Portsmouth 1710–1711 With: Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Wager	Succeeded by Admiral Sir James Wishart Sir William Gifford
Preceded by Admiral Sir John Leake William Cage	Member of Parliament for Rochester 1715–1734 With: Sir Thomas Palmer 1715–1724 Sir Thomas Colby 1724–1727 David Polhill 1727–1734	Succeeded by David Polhill Admiral Nicholas Haddock
Military offices
Preceded by William Kerr	Commander-in-Chief, Jamaica Station 1706	Succeeded by Charles Wager
Preceded by Sir George Byng	Senior Naval Lord 1721–1727	Succeeded by Sir John Norris
Preceded by Lord Aylmer	Governor, Greenwich Hospital 1720–1743	Succeeded by Sir John Balchen
Honorary titles
Preceded by Viscount Torrington	Rear-Admiral of Great Britain 1733–1743	Succeeded by Thomas Mathews

[HOP-1] "JENNINGS, Sir John (1664-1743), of Byfleet, Surr". History of Parliament Online (1690-1715). Retrieved 4 May 2019.

[odnb-2] 
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14760. Retrieved 17 October 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership
required.)

[dnb-3] Laughton, John Knox (1892). "Jennings, John" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

[4] Campbell, p. 228

[5] Cundall, p. xx

[Sainty-18-31-6] "Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2009.

[7] Thomas McGeary. The Politics of Opera in Handel's Britain. Cambridge University Press, 2013. p.254

[8] Rodger, p. 51-52

[9] Prince, p. 101

[HOP2-10] "JENNINGS, Sir John (1664-1743), of Newsells, in Barkway, Herts". History of Parliament Online (1715-1754). Retrieved 4 May 2019.

[11] "Sir John Jennings". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 4 August 2017.

[12] Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.338

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v t e First Sea Lords of the Royal Navy
Senior Naval Lords (1689–1771)	Arthur Herbert Sir John Chicheley Edward Russell Henry Priestman Earl of Orford Sir George Rooke Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Sir John Leake Sir George Byng Matthew Aylmer Sir George Byng Sir John Jennings Sir John Norris Sir Charles Wager Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Harry Powlett Lord Archibald Hamilton Lord Vere Beauclerk Lord Anson Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen Sir William Rowley Edward Boscawen John Forbes Earl Howe Sir Charles Saunders Augustus Keppel Sir Peircy Brett Sir Francis Holburne
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