Kaniv

Coordinates: 49°45′N 31°28′E / 49.750°N 31.467°E / 49.750; 31.467
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Kaniv
Канів
Flag of Kaniv
Coat of arms of Kaniv
Kaniv is located in Cherkasy Oblast
Kaniv
Kaniv
Location of Kaniv
Kaniv is located in Ukraine
Kaniv
Kaniv
Kaniv (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 49°45′N 31°28′E / 49.750°N 31.467°E / 49.750; 31.467
Country Ukraine
OblastCherkasy Oblast
RaionCherkasy Raion
HromadaKaniv urban hromada
First mentioned1078
City rights1796
Government
 • MayorIhor Ren'kas
Area
 • Total17.42 km2 (6.73 sq mi)
Elevation
101 m (331 ft)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total23,172
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
 [1]
Postal code
19000—19009
Area code+380 4736
Sister citiesViersen, Sonoma, Lambersart, Człuchów
WebsiteOfficial government website, City website

Kaniv (Ukrainian: Канів) is a city in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. The city rests on the Dnieper River, and is one of the main inland river ports on the Dnieper. It is an urban hromada of Ukraine.[2] Population: 23,172 (2022 estimate).[1]

Kaniv is a historical town that was founded in the 11th century by Kievan prince Yaroslav the Wise.[citation needed] The city is known today mostly for the burial site of Taras Shevchenko, the great Ukrainian poet and artist.

Picturesque and ancient, Kaniv was once one of the largest cities of

Dnieper River[citation needed], and on the Chernecha Mountain, where, according to legend, a monastery stood in the past. The mountain remains one of Kaniv's most important places, attracting thousands of tourists to the city. Today it is most famous as a burial place of the celebrated Ukrainian poet and painter Taras Shevchenko, who is considered a founder of modern Ukrainian literature, which is located on Taras Hill
overlooking the Dnieper. The Kaniv reserve is the oldest historical and cultural reserve in Ukraine.

Industry in the city includes

on the Dnieper, fruit and vegetable, condiments factory, large milk and cheese factory, poultry processing.

History

Kaniv (Kaniów) on the Radziwiłł map (1613)
Coat of arms of Kanіv under the Russian Empire (1852).

The city's date of establishment is unknown. It was first mentioned in the

George the Long-Armed after conquering Kyiv appointed his son Gleb as a prince in Kaniv.[3] The city was also mentioned later in chronicles often in relation to raids onto Cumans. Among the killed Ruthenian princes at the 1223 battle at Kalka River, there was mentioned Prince Svyatoslav of Kaniv.[3]

Archaeological excavations indicated that earlier Slavic settlement already existed near Kaniv before the 10th century.[3] Also, some documents indicate the existence of the Holy Dormition Kaniv monastery in the 11th century.[3][4]

There is no definite information on the source and meaning of the city's name; supposedly its name is derived from the personal nickname Kanya ('buzzard').[5] Mykola Yanko [uk] in his Toponymic dictionary of Ukraine says that the name is derived from Turkish word meaning the place of khan. There are other hypotheses on the city's name.

From mid-12th century Kaniv became a big city and played prominent role in the Kievan Rus' (Ruthenian state) where it was a center of an apanage principality within the principality of Kyiv. Until the 13th century, the central part of Kaniv was so called "Hellenic town" located at the Moskovka Mountain.[3]

According to popular historic sources, in 1239 the city was conquered and razed by the Mongols.[3]

Kaniv has been mentioned in report of

Vitautas built in Kaniv a castle that existed until 1768.[3]

In 1431, it became part of the Lithuanian

The Deluge the town was captured by the forces of Bohdan Khmelnytsky
in 1648.

In 1648-78, the city was center of the

Koliyivschyna, Maksym Zalizniak. As an effect of a pogrom, most of the local szlachta and Jews
were killed.

In 1775 Kaniv became a personal property of the King of Poland

Catherine II. She met there with Polish king Stanisław August Poniatowski. Following the Second Partition of Poland in 1793[3] the town with large parts of other territories came under the control of the Russian Empire. In 1800, Poniatowski sold bigger portion of the city to archimandrite of the Kaniv Monastery of Saint Basil the Great B.Fizikiewicz who in his turn bequeathed his property to the local school of the Order of Saint Basil the Great.[3]

During the later stages of

Second World War, Kaniv was a site of a tragically unsuccessful drop of Soviet paratroopers
.

In 1978, Oleksa Hirnyk burned himself to death, on a hill near Shevchenko's tomb in protest of Russification. In 2007, he was honored as a Hero of Ukraine.

Rebuilt in 1966–70, since 1972 the Dormition Cathedral building was housing the newly established Kaniv folk art museum. After dissolution of the Soviet Union, the church was passed to the Easter Orthodox community of Moscow Patriarchate, while the museum was relocated to another former religious building that used to belong to the Ukrainian Order of Saint Basil the Great.

Until 18 July 2020, Kaniv was designated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to Kaniv Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Cherkasy Oblast to four, the city was merged into Cherkasy Raion.[6][7]

Population

Language

Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[8]

Language Percentage
Ukrainian 88.43%
Russian 11.24%
other/undecided 0.33%

Administrative status

Kaniv is the

administrative center of the Kaniv Raion (district). However, the city is a city of oblast subordinance
, thus being subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion administration housed within the city itself.

Landmarks and monuments

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Kaniv is

twinned
with:

City Country Year of Signing
Viersen, North Rhine-Westphalia Germany Germany
Sonoma, California United States United States
Lambersart, Nord-Pas-de-Calais France France
Człuchów Poland Poland

See also

Gallery

  • The "1787 fireworks in honor of Catherine II" by Jan Bogumi Plersz
    The "1787 fireworks in honor of Catherine II" by Jan Bogumi Plersz
  • Catherine II leaving Kaniv in 1787, Jan Bogumił Plersch.
    Catherine II leaving Kaniv in 1787, Jan Bogumił Plersch.
  • The 19th century postcard reads in Russian "Our Ukraine. View from the Shevchenko's grave"
    The 19th century postcard reads in Russian "Our Ukraine. View from the Shevchenko's grave"
  • Dnieper River in Kaniv
    Dnieper River in Kaniv
  • Kaniv folk art museum (formerly school of the Order of Saint Basil the Great)
    Kaniv folk art museum (formerly school of the Order of Saint Basil the Great)
  • Taras Shevchenko museum
    Taras Shevchenko museum

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  2. ^ "Канівська територіальна громада" (in Ukrainian). decentralization.gov.ua.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Vermenych, Ya., Bon, O. Kaniv (КАНІВ), Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine (2007).
  4. ^ Shevchenko National Reserve (Шевченківський національний заповідник ). Shevchenko National Reserve website.
  5. ^ E.M. Pospelov, Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira (Moscow, 1998), p. 186.
  6. ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 18 July 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  7. ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  8. ^ https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/ [bare URL]
Bibliography
  • (1972) Історіа міст і сіл Української CCP - Черкаська область (History of Towns and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR - Cherkasy Oblast), Kyiv. (in Ukrainian)
  • Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine

External links

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