Khúc Thừa Dụ
Khúc Thừa Dụ Ninh Giang, Hải Dương, Tĩnh Hải quân, Tang China | |
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Died | July 23, 907 Đại La, Tĩnh Hải quân | (aged 76–77)
Issue | Khúc Hạo |
House | Khúc clan |
History of Vietnam | |
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602–938 |
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Khúc Thừa Dụ Ninh Giang, Hải Dương, Tĩnh Hải quân, Tang China | |
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Died | July 23, 907(907-07-23) (aged 76–77) Đại La, Tĩnh Hải quân |
Issue | Khúc Hạo |
House | Khúc clan |
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History of Vietnam | ||||||||||||||||
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3rd Chinese domination | 602–938 |
Ngô dynasty | 939–965 |
Anarchy of the 12 Warlords | 965–968 |
Đinh dynasty | 968–980 |
Early Lê dynasty | 980–1009 |
Later Lý dynasty | 1009–1225 |
Trần dynasty | 1225–1400 |
Hồ dynasty | 1400–1407 |
4th Chinese domination | 1407–1427 |
Later Lê dynasty | 1428–1527 |
Mạc dynasty | 1527–1592 |
Later Lê Restoration | 1533–1789 |
Tây Sơn dynasty | 1778–1802 |
Nguyễn dynasty | 1802–1945 |
French Cochinchina | 1862–1945 / 1945–1949 |
French Annam | 1883–1945 / 1945–1948 |
French Tonkin | 1883–1945 / 1946–1948 |
French Indochina | 1887–1945 / 1945–1954 |
Empire of Vietnam | 1945 |
Khúc Thừa Dụ (Chinese: 曲承裕; pinyin: Qū Chéngyù) or Khúc Tiên Chủ (曲先主; Qū Xiānzhǔ)[citation needed] (830–907) was a jiedushi of Tĩnh Hải quân, nominally under the Chinese Tang dynasty, in the early 10th century.
Khúc Thừa Dụ was the head of the
According to
In the early 10th century, the Tang dynasty began to fall into chaos and could not hold its authority in Tĩnh Hải quân (now northern Vietnam)[2][3] when the Chinese jiedushi Zeng Gun with his soldiers had to abandon the region in 880.[5] From 880 to 905, the Tang appointed a series of short-term governors, none of whom actually held power in the region. Eventually, Khúc Thừa Dụ claimed the position jiedushi of Tĩnh Hải quân which marked the beginning of the independence of Vietnam.[2] While Vietnam still nominally belonged to the Tang dynasty, it was now autonomous with a native ruler who could decide matters without any interference from China.[3] As the Tang dynasty did not have any more strength to begin a military campaign against Tĩnh Hải quân,[6] the Tang emperor had to accept the autonomy of that region by giving Khúc Thừa Dụ the title of chancellor (đồng bình chương sự), as well as his position of jiedushi in the first month of 906.[citation needed] This appointment was recorded in Sima Guang's Zizhi Tongjian,[4][non-primary source needed] and it was the first time Khúc Thừa Dụ was mentioned in Chinese historical records.[5]
Khúc Thừa Dụ died in the seventh month[3] of 907[citation needed] and was succeeded by his son Khúc Hạo who continued to consolidate the autonomy of Tĩnh Hải quân.[citation needed] For his achievement, Khúc Thừa Dụ was respectfully called by people Khúc Tiên chủ or Khúc Tiên chúa (曲先主; Qū Xiānzhǔ; 'Khúc [Qū] the First Master [or King]')[4][non-primary source needed] and he is still worshipped in a temple dedicated to him in his native province.[7] On the other hand, in old historical books such as Đại Việt sử lược or Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, it was Khúc Hạo, instead of Khúc Thừa Dụ, who was mentioned as the first member of the Khúc family holding the position jiedushi.[8][9] According to Đại Việt sử lược, he took over the title from another jiedushi named Dugu Sun[9] while in Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Khúc Hạo appointed himself jiedushi after starting a revolt that took control of Tĩnh Hải quân.[8] Trần Trọng Kim in his Việt Nam sử lược believed that it was Khúc Thừa Dụ who started a revolt and claimed the title.[2] Keith Weller Taylor argued that since the power was smoothly transferred from Khúc Thừa Dụ to his son Khúc Hạo and there was no indication of political conflict between 880 and 906, one can reason that the Khúc family was actually in control of the country throughout those years.[5]
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Khúc Thừa Dụ Born: ? Died: 907
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Preceded by | Jiedushi of Tĩnh Hải quân (Jinghai Circuit) 905–907 |
Succeeded by |
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Notes:
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