Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque

Coordinates: 34°44′12″N 36°42′56″E / 34.73678°N 36.71559°E / 34.73678; 36.71559
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Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque
مَسْجِد خَالِد ٱبْن ٱلْوَلِيد
Year consecrated
1908-1913
StatusActive
Location
LocationKhaldiyah, Homs, Syria
Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque is located in Syria
Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque
Shown within Syria
Geographic coordinates34°44′12″N 36°42′56″E / 34.73678°N 36.71559°E / 34.73678; 36.71559
Architecture
Architect(s)Abdallah Ulsun
TypeMosque
StyleOttoman architecture
Completed20th century
Specifications
Dome(s)10
Minaret(s)2
MaterialsStone masonry

The Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque (

Battle of Yarmouk, which put an end to Byzantine rule in Syria. His dome-topped mausoleum is located in a corner of the prayer hall and has served as a pilgrimage center. Two tall minarets with narrow galleries constructed of alternating horizontal rows of white and black stone are situated at the building's northwestern and northeastern comers and reflect the traditional Islamic architecture style of the Levant
.

Location

Mamluk
architectural style

The mosque is located in the Khaldiya district of Homs,

souk at ash-Shouhada Square.[2][3][4]

Grounds

Mamluk ablaq
-style stonework is used in the courtyard. The old cemetery, which at one time surrounded the mosque, was moved and in its place a large garden has been created.

History

A small mosque was supposedly built adjacent to the mausoleum of Khalid ibn al-Walid in the 7th century.[5] The current interior shrine that contains Khalid's tomb dates to the 11th century,[6] and is considered to be a "significant pilgrimage center."[7]

Several sources state that the Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque was originally built around Khalid's mausoleum during the reign of

Tamerlane invaded Syria in the early 15th century, he spared Homs from destruction because it contained the mosque and the mausoleum of Khalid ibn al-Walid, whom he held in great regard in light of Ibn al-Walid's role as a companion of Islamic prophet Muhammad and a commander of the Muslim Arab army that conquered the city of Damascus and Byzantine Syria.[8]

Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, during

Bani Khalid tribe, held a stake in the extended revenue shares of the mausoleum and the mosque. The Bani Khalid claimed descent from Ibn al-Walid and the accompanying tribes that participated in the conquest of Syria under his command. However, their claim of ancestry had been previously refuted by the Mamluk-era historian al-Qalqashandi.[11]

The present-day mosque was built in the early 20th century,

Arab inhabitants of Syria. In later years Khalid was adopted as a hero and symbol of Arab nationalism.[13]

Modern era

As of 2007, activities in the mosque were organized by shaykhs Haytham al-Sa'id and Ahmad Mithqan.[15] Stamps depicting the mosque have been issued in several denominations.

The Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque has been a symbol of anti-government rebels during the

Syrian government stated had been turned by the rebels into an "arms and ammunition depot", was abandoned by the rebels on 27 July 2013.[17] Shelling by government forces damaged Khalid's tomb inside the mosque. Following its capture by the Syrian Army, state media showed heavy damage inside the mosque, including some parts of it being burned, and the door to the tomb destroyed. It was reopened by Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov who repaired the mosque.[18]

Architecture

The mosque is

Mamluk ablaq
style. In addition to the large central dome, there are nine smaller domes.

A large prayer hall forms much of the interior. The walls are made of basalt stone, a building material which is widely available in Homs. The mausoleum of Khalid ibn al-Walid is in one corner.[3][12][22] Khalid's tomb contains an ornate dome and interiors that depict over 50 victorious battles that he commanded.[14][23][24] His son is buried next to him. A wooden sarcophagus carved with Kufic inscriptions and quoting the Quran[25] was placed over the grave of Khalid. During renovation, the sarcophagus was moved to the National Museum in Damascus.[8]

A corner of the mosque also includes a small sarcophagus covered in green cloth, believed to be a tomb of Ubayd Allah ibn Umar.[26]

References

  1. ^
    Huffington Post. Associated Press
    . Retrieved 2013-09-16.
  2. ^ a b Skinner, 2004, p. 153.
  3. ^ a b c "Lonely Planet review for Khaled ibn al-Walid Mosque". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  4. ^ Beattie, 2001, p.53.
  5. ^ "Mosquée de Khalid Ibn al-Walid et ses environs". Aly Abbara. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  6. ^ Hillenbrand, 2000, p. xxvi
  7. ^ Aldosari, 2007, p. 269.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Homs". Homsonline. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  9. ^ a b c Aldosari, 2007, p. 264
  10. ^ "The realm of Zenobia". Al-Ahram Weekly. 2002. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  11. ^ Douwes, 2000, p. 36.
  12. ^ a b c d Mannheim, 2001, p. 205.
  13. ^ a b Mikaberidze, 2011, p.473.
  14. ^ a b c d "Homs, Hums, Emesa". ArchNet Digital Library. Archived from the original on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  15. ^ Rougier, 2007, p. 258
  16. ^ "At Funerals for Protesters, More Syrians Are Fatally Shot". New York Times. 18 July 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  17. ^ "Syrie : l'armée en voie de contrôler totalement Homs". Le Figaro. 2013-07-30. Retrieved 2013-07-30.
  18. ^ "- YouTube". Archived from the original on 2021-12-15.
  19. ^ "Homs, Syria". Atlas Tours. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  20. ^ Akram, 2006, p. 480
  21. ^ Ham, 2009, p. 484
  22. ^ Akram 2004, p. 501
  23. ^ Akram 2004, p. 494
  24. ^ Jess, 2010, p.121.
  25. ISBN 978-0-415-92914-1
    . Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  26. ^ "Maqam Ubayd Allah ibn Umar". Madain Project. Retrieved 30 January 2020.

Bibliography

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