Kirchheim unter Teck
Kirchheim unter Teck | |
---|---|
Location of Kirchheim unter Teck within Esslingen district | |
Coordinates: 48°38′54″N 9°27′4″E / 48.64833°N 9.45111°E | |
Country | Germany |
State | Baden-Württemberg |
Admin. region | Stuttgart |
District | Esslingen |
Subdivisions | 5 |
Government | |
• Lord mayor (2019–27) | Pascal Bader[1] (Ind.) |
Area | |
• Total | 40.47 km2 (15.63 sq mi) |
Elevation | 311 m (1,020 ft) |
Population (2022-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 41,907 |
• Density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 73219–73230 |
Dialling codes | 07021 |
Vehicle registration | ES |
Website | www.kirchheim-teck.de |
Kirchheim unter Teck (Swabian: Kircha) is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, in the district of Esslingen. It is located on the small river Lauter, a tributary of the Neckar. It is 10 km (6 miles) near the Teck castle, approximately 35 kilometres (22 miles) southeast of Stuttgart. It is the fourth city in the Esslingen district, forming a district centre for the surrounding communities.
Since 1 April 1956, Kirchheim unter Teck has the status of Große Kreisstadt. The city forms a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (administrative community) with the neighbouring municipalities Dettingen and Notzingen. Kirchheim unter Teck was also, for several centuries, seat of the Oberamt (Oa.) Kirchheim.
Geography
Kirchheim unter Teck is located in the foothills of the central Swabian Alb, north of the Albtrauf escarpment and its foothills: the
Neighbouring communities
The following towns and villages border the town of Kirchheim Teck, clockwise starting in the East:
)Structure of the city
The city of Kirchheim unter Teck consists of the core city Kirchheim, which annexed in 1935 the districts of Lindorf and Ötlingen. In the local government reform of 1974, Kirchheim annexed the districts of Jesingen and Nabern. All four districts are towns in the sense of the Municipal Code of Baden-Württemberg. That is, they each have a municipal council, elected by the population and chaired by a mayor.
Within the central city of Kirchheim, separately named residential areas can be distinguished, whose names have emerged in the course of history. In most cases they are not exactly delineated. The Schafhof district, however, which was built in the 1970s, is not adjacent to the rest of the city.
Markets & Attractions
The city holds a variety of regular scheduled markets and fairs for its residents and tourists alike. A weekly farmers market offers a wide variety of seasonal fruits, vegetables and fresh flowers amongst other regional specialties. Every first Monday of the month a ‘Krämermarkt’ with roughly 100 additional booths offering clothing, household goods and more is added. Additional seasonal fairs are held in March, November and a Christmasmarket in December.
Planning
Kirchheim is a regional center within
History
Traces of settlements from the
Although the first written mention of Kirchheim dates only to the year 960, the town certainly existed during the Alemannic era of the 6th and 7th century. Perhaps the current settlement was founded during the Christianization when several older villages were merged and a church was built and dedicated to St. Martin.
In 960, Kirchheim came in the possession of Emperor
The place was owned by the
In a process which lasted from 1303 until 1386, Kirchheim became a part of
After Duke Ulrich returned from exile in 1539, Kirchheim was expanded to a fortress of Württemberg and at the same time, the ducal palace was constructed. The current appearance of the city is from the reconstruction after a devastating fire in 1690.
In 1864, it became the terminal of the first private railway in Württemberg, the line Unterboihingen-Kirchheim. In the 19th century, it became the seat of an Oberamt. In 1938, the Oberamt Kirchheim was included in the Landkreis Nürtingen.
After World War II, the population of the city grew significantly due to the influx of refugees and displaced persons. In 1948, the population exceeded the limit of 20,000, and under the Baden-Württemberg Municipal Code, the city received on 1 April 1956 the legal status of Große Kreisstadt.
Since the district reform of 1973, Kirchheim unter Teck is one of the municipalities of the district of Esslingen. In 1974, two neighboring municipalities were annexed. Thus, the city reached its current dimensions.
Rocket launch pads
There are three launch pads for the Luftwaffe Bachem Ba 349 Natter rocket interceptors located in the Hasenholz forest near Kirchheim unter Teck. They are all that remain from the once active launch site constructed in 1945. The three launchpads are arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, whose sides point toward the east and the south. The distance between the launchpads is approximately 50 meters. The circular concrete pads on which the Bachem Ba 349s and their launch towers once stood still exist. In the center of each of the three concrete plates is a square hole approximately 50 centimeters deep, which once served as the foundation for the launch tower. Beside each hole is a pipe, cut off at ground level, which was probably once a cable pit.
The Natter launchpads at Kirchheim unter Teck are considered the only remnants of these rocket launch pads on publicly accessible terrain, as the ramp in the Lager Heuberg, where Lothar Sieber took off for his fatal manned test flight, is still in a restricted military area.
Religions
The population of Kirchheim unter Teck originally belonged to the
The congregation grew, especially after the
Since the late-19th century, there have been Catholics in Kirchheim unter Teck. They built the St. Ulrich church in 1910. Ötlingen and Lindorf and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. In 1967, a second church was built, the Mary Queen of Heaven church. The Catholics in Jessingen and Nabern and some neighboring communities belong to this parish. These two parishes now form the Pastoral Care Unit 5 in the Deanery Esslingen-Nürtingen of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart.
The city also has several
Annexations
In the town of Kirchheim unter Teck following municipalities were integrated:
- 1 April 1935: Ötlingen and Lindorf
- 1 January 1974: Nabern
- 1 September 1974: Jesingen
Districts
Jesingen
Jesingen is located about two miles (3.2 km) southeast of Kirchheim in the direction Weilheim an der Teck. Jesingen was the first mentioned (as Osinski) in 769 in the Codex of Lorsch in a donation to the Lorsch monastery. The district of Jesingen is 574 ha in size, the village has about 3300 inhabitants.
Lindorf
Lindorf is located about two kilometres (1.2 miles) west of Kirchheim. Lindorf is first mentioned in 1090 in the Treaty of Bempflinger Treaty. The district has an area of 262 ha; about 1,500 people live in Lindorf.
Ötlingen
Ötlingen is situated approximately 2.5 km (1.55 mi) west of Kirchheim. The two districts are separated by an industrial area; the built up area is now continuous. The Ötlingen district has an area of 375 hectares. Ötlingen is first mentioned in 788 (as Adiningen) in the Codex of Lorsch. Ötlingen was owned by the Dukes of the
Population development
The population figures are estimates, census results (¹) or official updates of the respective statistical offices (only primary
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¹ census results
Source:
Politics
Council
Since the last Local Elections in Baden-Württemberg on 25 May 2014, the City Council has 34 members. The turnout was 45,22%. The election result was as follows:[3]
Free Voters | 7 seats | (21,45%) |
CDU | 7 seats | (19,56%) |
SPD | 7 seats | (19,33%) |
Greens | 6 seats | (17,24%) |
Woman List Kirchheim | 3 seats | (10,12%) |
FDP / Kirchheimer Civilian List | 2 seats | (6,32%) |
Christian Initiative Kirchheim | 2 seats | (5.98%) |
The chairman of the municipal council is the mayor.
Mayor
In early times, the head of the city Kirchheim unter Teck was called an Amtmann ("bailiff/magistrate"); and later the title was Obervogt ("chief advocate"). Ranked below him were Untervögte (Regents), mayors, a court and a council. The Court was the administrative authority of the city. Since the 14th century, the council considered themselves as representatives of the citizenry. The council still ranked below the court. The council was elected of mayors, usually two of them.
In the 19th century, the
City leaders since 1819
- 1819–1832: Christian Ludwig Göckler
- 1832–1841: Philipp Gottlieb Osiander
- 1841–1849: Heinrich August Kübel
- 1849–1878: Johan Georg Heim
- 1878–1908: Michael Ernst Kröner
- 1908–1943: Andreas Marx
- 1943–1945: Reinhold Seeber
- 1945: Martin Schempp
- 1945–1975: Franz Kröning
- 1975–1988: Werner Hauser
- 1988–2004: Peter Jacob
- 2004–2020: Angelika Matt-Heidecker
- Since 2020: Pascal Bader
Economy and transport
Transport
As of 12 December 2009, the Stuttgart S-Bahn line S1 connects Herrenberg to Kirchheim via Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof, providing links to the city and beyond.
Local businesses
In Kirchheim unter Teck industrialization began early. By 1911 the manufactured goods included cotton goods, damask, pianofortes, machinery, furniture, chemicals, cement and gliders. The town also had wool-spinning establishments and breweries and a corn exchange. It was the most important wool market in South Germany, and also had a trade in fruit, timber and pigs.[4]
Some early companies do not exist any longer, such as the textile company
Media
The Teckbote is a daily newspaper published in Kirchheim unter Teck. It is a regional edition of the Südwest Presse.
Authorities, courts and organisations
Kirchheim unter Teck has a field office of the Tax Office Nürtingen, a branch of the District Office Esslingen, a
The city is also home to the church district of Kirchheim unter Teck of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg.
Of health facilities, the city has a district hospital of the district of Esslingen. In addition, there are several sports and leisure facilities including, outdoor pool, 11 sports and event halls, a skate park, a riding stable, and 10 stadiums and sports grounds.
Education
In Kirchheim unter Teck there are a Pedagogical Seminar (teacher training) and a large number of primary and secondary schools.
The
The
For smaller children there are 49 kindergarten classes with 1328 seats, 5 groups in day-care centers with 85-88 seats, 5 groups in church nursery with 75-81 seats and 5 groups in free kindergartens with 119 seats.
School exchanges
One of the main high schools in Kirchheim unter Teck, the
Twin towns – sister cities
Kirchheim unter Teck is twinned with:[5]
- Rambouillet, France (1967)
- Kalocsa, Hungary (1997)
- Bački Petrovac, Serbia (2017)
Notable people
- Rupertus Meldenius (1582–1651), theologian and educator
- Barbara Sophie of Brandenburg (1584–1636), duchess
- Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse-Darmstadt (1652–1712), composer of church music
- Joanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach(1680–1757), Duchess of Württemberg
- Christiane Charlotte of Württemberg-Winnental (1694–1729), princess
- Franziska von Hohenheim(1748–1811), noblewoman
- Duke Louis of Württemberg (1756–1817), Prussian field marshal
- Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer (1768–1852), philosopher and physician
- Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg (1780–1857)
- Baron von Ludwig (1784–1847), pharmacist
- Johann Friedrich Osiander (1787–1855), obstretician
- Frederick Vogel (1823–1892), tanner
- Gottlieb Heileman (1824–1878), founder of the Heileman Brewing Company
- Max Eyth (1836–1906), engineer and writer
- Rudolf von Bünau (1890–1962), general
- Martin Schempp (1905–1984), glider pilot
- Eugen Gerstenmaier (1906–1986), resistance fighter and CDU politician
- Kurt Rommel (1926–2011), German Protestant pastor, author and hymnodist
- Óscar Barrena (born 1966), field hockey player
- Bjørn Melhus (born 1966), artist
- Manuel Fumic (born 1982), cross-country mountain biker
- Jasmina Keber (born 1988), crossminton player
See also
Notes
- ^ Aktuelle Wahlergebnisse, Staatsanzeiger, accessed 12 September 2021.
- Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg. June 2023.
- ^ Wahlinformationen des Kommunalen Rechenzentrums Stuttgart
- ^ Chisholm 1911, p. 827.
- ^ "Städtepartnerschaften & Patenschaften". kirchheim-teck.de (in German). Kirchheim unter Teck. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
References
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 498–499.
- Hans Schwenkel: Heimatbuch des Kreises Nürtingen. vol 2. Würzburg 1953, pp. 388–528.
- Der Landkreis Esslingen - compiled by the State Archiv Baden-Württemberg i.V. with Landkreis Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-0842-1, vol. 2, p. 45.
Literature
- Frasch, Werner: Kirchheim unter Teck – aus Geschichte und Gegenwart einer Stadt und ihrer Bewohner Verlag der Teckbote, Kirchheim unter Teck 1985, ISBN 3-925589-00-7.
- Kirchheim unter Teck - Marktort/Amtsstadt/Mittelalterzentrum. Hrsg. von Rainer Kilian i. A. der Stadt Kirchheim (Teck), GO Druck Media Verlag, Kirchheim unter Teck 2006, ISBN 978-3-925589-38-6.
- Der Landkreis Esslingen. Hrsg. vom Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg i. V. mit dem Landkreis Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-0842-1, Band 2, Seite 45.
- Kirchheim unter Teck um 1000 n. Chr. - Geschichte und Archäologie. - Hrsg. Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart - Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Esslingen, Archäologische Informationen aus Baden-Württemberg Heft 62, Stuttgart: Verlagsbüro Wais und Partner, 2011, ISBN 978-3-942227-03-2.
- Deigendesch, Roland: Mit Tina und Mehmet Kirchheim unter Teck entdecken – Stadtgeschichte(n) für Kinder. Hrsg. von der AG Museumspädagogik in Verbindung mit dem Stadtarchiv Kirchheim unter Teck. GO Druck Media, Kirchheim unter Teck 2011, ISBN 978-3-925589-56-0.
- Attribution
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kirchheim-unter-Teck". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 827. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the