List of subcultures
This is a list of subcultures.
A
B
- BBQ
- BDSM[1]
- Beat Generation,[2] see beatnik
- Bent edge
- Bikers, see motorcycle clubs and outlaw motorcycle clubs
- Bills[4]
- Biopunk[5][6]
- Bird Watching
- Bodybuilding[7]
- Bohemianism[8]
- Bro
- Bodgies & Widgies
- Bogan
C
- Cacophony Society
- Car club
- Casuals
- Choir
- Chonga
- Cosplayers[9]
- Crusties
- Cryptozoology
- Cubing
- Cyberpunk[10]
- Cybergoth[11]
- Cholos & Cholas
- Chavs
- Cottagecore
D
- Dandy
- Dark academia
- Deadhead
- Deaf culture[12]
- Decora
- Demoscene[13]
- Densha Otaku
- Directioners
- Dizelaši
- Drag
- Dresiarz
E
F
G
- Gabber
- Gambler
- Gamer
- Glam rock[19]
- Glam metal[20]
- Goth subculture[21]
- Greaser[22]
- Gutter punk
- Gopnik
- Grunge
- Geek
- Guido / Goombah
- Gyaru
H
- Hacker[23]
- Halbstarke
- Hardcore punk
- Hardline
- Heavy metal subculture[24]
- Metalcore[25]
- Metalheads
- Mötorheadbangers[26]
- Hepcat
- artists, Krump dancing
- Hippie/Hippy[27]
- Hipster, see hipster (1940s subculture) and hipster (contemporary subculture)
- Hobo
- Hulkamaniac
I
- Incroyables
- Indie
- Industrial,[28] see also rivethead
J
K
- K-pop, see culture of Korea
L
- Lad culture
- La Sape
- Leather subculture
- Light academia
- Live Action Role-Players (LARPers)
- Losties[31][32]
- Lolita[9][33]
M
N
New Wave
O
P
- Pachuco[39]
- Paninaro
- Paranormal hunting/ghost hunting
- PC Master Race
- Peckerwood
- Pokémon
- Prepper
- Preppy,[40] see also valley girl and popular clique
- Psychedelia[41][42] and psychonauts[43][44]
- Punk subculture[45]
- Poor White, see also hillbilly and yokel
Q
R
- Raggare
- Railfan
- Rave[46]
- Redneck
- Riot grrrl[47]
- Rivethead, see industrial music
- Rockabilly[48]
- Rocker[49]
- Role-playing gamers[50]
- Rude boy[48][51]
- Roadmen
S
- Scene
- Science fiction fandom
- Scooterboy[52]
- Scouting[53]
- Seapunk[54]
- Skater[55][56]
- Skinhead;[57] See also: gay skinhead,[57] redskin, Trojan skinhead, white power skinhead, & suedehead[58]
- Soft grunge
- Solarpunk
- Soulboy[59]
- Stargate fandom
- Steampunk[60]
- Stilyaga
- Straight edge
- Surf
- Sharpies
T
- Tamarro (Italian subculture from the 90's)[61]
- Teenybopper[62]
- Teddy Boy[63]
- TikTok
- Tiki culture
- Tombakowa młodzież
- Trainspotters in the United Kingdom
- Trekkie[64]
- Trucker)
U
- Unilalianism
- Ufo Uap tracking
- Uncyclopedians
V
W
Y
Z
See also
Notes
- ^ BDSM sources:
- Juliet Richters, Richard O. de Visser, PMID 18331257.)
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
- Juliet Richters, Richard O. de Visser,
- ISBN 978-1-59385-349-5.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages 295 Archived 2019-12-17 at the Wayback Machine. Chapter 27 "Posing... threats, striking... poses. Youth, surveillance and display (1983)" by Dick Hebdige
- S2CID 143674993.
- ISBN 978-1-84277-491-5. Archivedfrom the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2016-09-24.
- ^ Xue, Katherine (2014). "Synthetic Biology's New Menagerie". Harvard Magazine. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Haywire, Rachel (20 March 2012). "Becoming Ourselves". Archived from the original on 25 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ISBN 978-0-7914-1559-7. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- KOERT W. (March 28, 1988). "Tales of lies. The bodybuilder's body between reality and fantasy". from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved October 6, 2008.
- Yiannakis, Andrew; Melnick, Merrill J. (2001). Contemporary Issues in Sociology of Sport. ISBN 978-0-7360-3710-5. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ Sources:
- McFarland, Gerald W. (2001). Inside Greenwich Village: A New York City Neighborhood, 1898-1918. Amherst, Mass.: ISBN 978-1-55849-299-8. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Brake, Mike (1980). The sociology of youth culture and youth subcultures: sex and drugs and rock 'n' roll (reprinted ed.). Routledge. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-7100-0364-5. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- McFarland, Gerald W. (2001). Inside Greenwich Village: A New York City Neighborhood, 1898-1918. Amherst, Mass.:
- ^ .
- ^ "Cyberpunk as a Subculture". Information Database.
- ^ bell 2001, pages 101-102, 154-184
- ^ Sources:
- ISBN 978-0-19-511575-8. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ISBN 978-0-306-44686-3. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ Sources:
- Lysloff, René T. A.; Gay, Leslie C. (2003). Music and technoculture (illustrated ed.). Wesleyan University Press. pp. 37–38. ISBN 978-0-8195-6514-3.
- "Course Description: The Demoscene: An Introduction to Programming and Subcultures". Columbia College Chicago. Archived from the original on 2008-08-29. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- Lysloff, René T. A.; Gay, Leslie C. (2003). Music and technoculture (illustrated ed.). Wesleyan University Press. pp. 37–38.
- ^ Sources for emo subculture:
- Steinberg, Shirley R.; Parmar, Priya; Richard, Birgit (2006). Contemporary Youth Culture: An International Encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.: ISBN 978-0-313-33729-1. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
- Scott, Lydia; Chur-Hansen, Anna (2008-06-02). "The mental health literacy of rural adolescents: Emo subculture and SMS texting". Australasian Psychiatry. 16 (5): 359–62. S2CID 31717119.
- Kirsch, Michele (2008-07-06). "Emotionally challenged". The Times. Archived from the original on 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
- Hawley, Chris (2008-04-18). "Subculture clash among Mexico youth". USA Today. Archived from the original on 2008-07-26. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
- Martin, G. (2006). "Editorial. On suicide and subcultures" (PDF). doi:10.5172/jamh.5.1.1. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2008-09-20. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
doi:10.5204/mcj.41. Archivedfrom the original on 2008-12-21. Retrieved 2008-10-12. - Steinberg, Shirley R.; Parmar, Priya; Richard, Birgit (2006). Contemporary Youth Culture: An International Encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.:
- ^ Pappas, Stephanie (5 February 2018). "Flat Earth: What Fuels the Internet's Strangest Conspiracy Theory?". Live Science. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ^ Lanuza, JM; Ong, Jonathan Corpus (28 August 2019). "Beyond Conspiracy: the ties that bind Filipino Flat Earthers and populist supporters". Media@LSE. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ^ Thompson, Clive (18 September 2020). "YouTube's Plot to Silence Conspiracy Theories". Wired. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-4128-1503-1. Archivedfrom the original on 2019-12-17. Retrieved 2016-09-24.
- ^ Sources for glam:
- Australian Journal of Cultural Studies. 4 (1). Archived from the originalon 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2014-05-03.
- Marchetti, Gina (December 1998). "Fringe cultures". Jump Cut (42). Archived from the original on 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2008-10-03.
- Childs, Peter; Storry, Mike (1999). Encyclopedia of Contemporary British Culture. ISBN 978-0-415-14726-2. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Goodlad, pages: 6 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 19-20 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 34-35 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 66 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 78 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 92 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 259 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Hair metal", AllMusic. Retrieved November 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-415-39843-5.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages 91 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, from chapter "Subcultural conflict" by Phil Cohen
- ^ Sources:
- bell 2001,pages 179-185
- Thomas, Douglas (2002). Hacker Culture (illustrated ed.). ISBN 978-0-8166-3346-3.
- ^ "Fashioncore Definitions and Connotations". Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2011-09-14.
- ^ Grow, Kory (29 December 2015). "Metallica's Lars Ulrich on Lemmy: 'His Spirit Will Always Live in Us'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages:
- 23 chapter "Introduction to part one, by Ken Gelder
- 91 from chapter "Subcultural conflict" by Phil Cohen
- 106, 110-111 from chapter "Girls and subcultures (1977)" by Angela McRobbie and Jenny Garber;
- 127 from chapter "The meaning of style" by Dick Hebdige
- 136-137 from chapter "Second-hand dresses and the role of the ragmarket (1989)" by Angela McRobbie
- 304 from chapter "Black hair/style politics" by Kobena Mercer
- ^ Goodlad, page 68-71 Archived 2019-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Sources:
- Karen Bettez Halnon (Winter 2006). "Heavy Metal Carnival and Dis-alienation: The Politics of Grotesque Realism". .
- Karen Bettez Halnon (2004). "Inside Shock Music Carnival: Spectacle as Contested Terrain". S2CID 220912143.
- ^ Baker, Billy (2007-03-05). "Up for the count, Jugglers may pop out on streets this spring, but the real action is in a thriving Hub subculture". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-08-04.
- ^ "ABC Television and Creation Entertainment bring the Official Lost Fan Club and Special Events to Cities Around the World" (Press release). ABC. May 12, 2005. Retrieved August 29, 2006.
- ^ Kaplan, Don (June 15, 2005). "Lost Fans Hold Convention for Show". Fox News Channel. Archived from the original on September 25, 2006. Retrieved August 29, 2006.
- ISBN 978-1-4129-3064-2.
- ^ Ken Gelder
- Muslim
- 84 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 91 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, from chapter "Subcultural conflict" by Phil Cohen;
- 94 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, 101 Archived 2014-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, from chapter "Cultures, subcultures and class", by John Clarke et al.
- Australian Journal of Cultural Studies. 4 (1): 15–38. Archived from the originalon 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2014-05-03.
- ISBN 978-0-520-20663-2. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Steen, Edwin B.; Price, James H. (1988). Human Sex and Sexuality: Second Revised and Enlarged Edition. ISBN 978-0-486-25544-6. Archived from the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30. Pages: 179 Archived 2021-02-25 at the Wayback Machine 194-196
- Steen, Edwin B.; Price, James H. (1988). Human Sex and Sexuality: Second Revised and Enlarged Edition.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages: 516, 550
- ISBN 978-0-415-14344-8. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ Pachuco sources:
- Eva Paulino Bueno, Terry Caesar, University Library System, Digital Research Library, University of Pittsburgh (1998). Imagination beyond nation: Latin American popular culture. Pittsburgh: ISBN 978-0-8229-5686-0. Archived from the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
- Eva Paulino Bueno, Terry Caesar, University Library System, Digital Research Library, University of Pittsburgh (1998). Imagination beyond nation: Latin American popular culture. Pittsburgh:
- Lock, Margaret M.; Farquhar, Judith (2007). Beyond the Body Proper: Reading the Anthropology of Material Life. Durham: Duke Univ. Press. pp. 349, 355. ISBN 978-0-8223-3845-1. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Austin, Joe; Willard, Michael (1998). Generations of Youth: Youth Cultures and History in Twentieth-century America (illustrated ed.). New York: New York Univ. Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-8147-0646-6.
- Ken Gelder page: 309 from chapter: Black hair/style politics by Kobena Mercer
- ISBN 978-0-306-47695-2. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ "RhymeZone - Psychedelia". Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "memidex - Psychedelias". Archived from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "Adventures Through Inner Space: Meet the 'Psychonauts'". 28 November 2000. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "New Designer Drugs Are In Legal Gray Area". 4 June 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages:
- ^ Sources:
- Ken Gelder
- chapter "The social logic of subcultural capital" by Sarah Thorton, page 192
- chapter "Moments of Ecstasy: oceanic and ecstatic moments in clubbing [1999]" by Ben Malbon, page 496 Archived 2021-02-24 at the Wayback Machine
- chapter "Amateur manga subculture and the Otaku incident [2000]" by Sharon Kinsella, page 543
- McRobbie, Angela (1994). Postmodernism and popular culture (illustrated, reprint ed.). ISBN 978-0-415-07713-2.
- Hazlehurst, Cameron (1998). ISBN 978-1-56000-363-2. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Gavan Titley, Council of Europe. Directorate of Youth and Sport (2004). Resituating culture. ISBN 978-92-871-5396-8. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ISBN 978-1-4058-5843-4. Archived from the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
- Ken Gelder
- ^ Sources:
- ^ a b Muggleton, pages 721,728 Archived 2019-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Ken Gelder pages:
- ^ Sources:
- ISBN 978-0-226-24944-5. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Stanley W. Beeler, Stan Beeler, Lisa Dickson; Beeler, Stan; Dickson, Lisa (2006). Reading Stargate SG-1. ISBN 978-1-84511-183-0. Archived from the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
- ^ Sources:
- Epstein, page 100
- Ken Gelder pages 103 from chapter "Cultures, subcultures and class", by John Clarke et al. (rudies = rude boys)
- ^ Ken Gelder pages:
- 90, from chapter "Subcultural conflict" by Phil Cohen
- 131 Archived 2021-03-03 at the Wayback Machine from chapter 10 "The meaning of style" by Dick Hebdige
- ^ Sources for Scouting:
- Proctor, Tammy M. (2002). "On my honour": Guides and Scouts in interwar Britain, Volume 92, Part 2. American Philosophical Society. ISBN 978-0-87169-922-0.
- Proctor, Tammy M. (2002). "On my honour": Guides and Scouts in interwar Britain, Volume 92, Part 2. American Philosophical Society.
- ^ "Seapunk: scenester in-joke or underground art movement?". The Guardian. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- ^ [Penguin Dictionary of Sociology 2006 p.384]
- ^ "Skateboarding – Subcultures and Sociology". Sk8spt. 16 February 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- ^ a b Ken Gelder pages:
- 294, from chapter 27 "Posing... threats, striking... poses. Youth, surveillance and display (1983)" by Dick Hebdige
- 339, from chapter "Tattoo enthusiasts. Subculture or figuration? (2003)" by Michael Atkinson
- 370-381, from chapter "Real men, phallicism and fascism (1996)" by Murray Healy
- 471, chapter "Communities and scenes in popular music (1991)" by Will Straw
- ^ "The Skinheads". Time. 1970-06-08. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2008-09-27.
- ^ "Institute of Contemporary Arts : DANCESCHOOL : Subjective Thoughts on a Neglected Scene". Archived from the original on 2010-10-30. Retrieved 2010-05-06.
- ^ Sources for steampunk:
- Gizzo, Erico. "The steampunk contraptors". .
- La Ferla, Ruth (2008-05-08). "Steampunk Moves Between 2 Worlds". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2021-03-08. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
- "Visões Perigosas: Para uma genealogia do cyberpunk". E-compos Revista da Associação Nacional Dos Programas de Pós-Graduação Em Comunicação. 6 (in Portuguese). Estudos Culturais: 7. August 2006. Archived from the original on 2009-08-10. Retrieved 2010-01-16.
- Amaral, Adriana (December 2008). "Subculturas e cibercultura(s): para uma genealogia das identidades de um campo". Famecos (in Portuguese) (37): footnote 13 in page 6. Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2010-01-16.
- ^ source: https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarro Archived 2020-03-23 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Sources:
- Ken Gelder pages:
- Brake, Mike (1980). The Sociology of Youth Culture and Youth Subcultures. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-7100-0364-5. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ Ken Gelder pages:
- 98, 101, 102 from chapter "Cultures, subcultures and class", by John Clarke et al.
- 105, 107 from chapter "Girls and subcultures (1977)" by Angela McRobbie and Jenny Garber
- 126 from chapter 10 "The meaning of style" by Dick Hebdige
- 161-162 from chapter "Symbols of trouble" by Stanley Cohen
- 273 from chapter "Introduction to part five" by Ken Gelder
- 284-287 from chapter "Fashion and revolt (1963)" by T.R. Fyvel
- 309 from chapter "Black hair/style politics" by Kobena Mercer
- 367 Archived 2021-02-25 at the Wayback Machine, 372 from chapter "Real men, phallicism and fascism (1996)" by Murray Healy
- ^ Trekkie sources:
- Chamberlain, Daniel Luke; Alexander, Malcolm Laurence (2005). "Personal networks and the social world of ordinary Star Trek fans: Method and first results". TASA 2005 Conference Proceedings. The Sociological Association of Australia. Archived from the original on 2011-04-11. Retrieved 2008-09-19.
The fans of the science fiction franchise, Star Trek, are known as 'Trekkies' and are the only fan subculture to have an entry in the OED.
- bell 2001 page 167–169
- Kozinets, Robert V. (June 2001). "Utopian Enterprise: Articulating the Meanings of Star Trek's Culture of Consumption". doi:10.1086/321948.
- Chamberlain, Daniel Luke; Alexander, Malcolm Laurence (2005). "Personal networks and the social world of ordinary Star Trek fans: Method and first results". TASA 2005 Conference Proceedings. The Sociological Association of Australia. Archived from the original on 2011-04-11. Retrieved 2008-09-19.
- ^ Ordered Misbehavior – The Structuring of an Illegal Endeavor Archived 2016-08-08 at the Wayback Machine by Alf Rehn. A study of the illegal subculture known as the "warez scene".
- ISBN 9781135205126. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Zazou sources:
- Portis, Larry (2004). French Frenzies: A Social History of Pop Music in France. College Station, TX: Virtualbookworm.com. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-58939-547-3. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Crane, Diana (2001). Fashion and Its Social Agendas: Class, Gender, and Identity in Clothing (illustrated ed.). Chicago: ISBN 978-0-226-11799-7. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Uhlmann, Anthony (1999). Beckett and Poststructuralism. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 56–57. ISBN 978-0-521-64076-3. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Portis, Larry (2004). French Frenzies: A Social History of Pop Music in France. College Station, TX: Virtualbookworm.com. p. 103.
References
- Bell, David, ed. (2001). "Cybersubcultures". An Introduction to Cybercultures. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-24659-0.
- Epstein, Jonathon S. (1998). Youth Culture: Identity in a Postmodern World. Malden, Mass.: ISBN 978-1-55786-851-0.
- Gelder, Ken, ed. (2005). The Subcultures Reader. ISBN 978-0-415-34415-9. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
- Goodlad, Lauren M. E.; Bibby, Michael (2007). Goth. ISBN 978-0-8223-3921-2. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-03-28. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- Muggleton, David (2002). Inside Subculture: The Postmodern Meaning of Style. ISBN 978-1-85973-352-3.