Ichthyosporea
Ichthyosporea Temporal range:
| |
---|---|
Sphaeroforma arctica | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Clade: | Amorphea |
Clade: | Obazoa |
(unranked): | Opisthokonta |
(unranked): | Holozoa |
Class: | Ichthyosporea Cavalier-Smith, 1998[1] |
Orders | |
Synonyms | |
Mesomycetozoa Mendoza et al., 2002 |
The Ichthyosporea (or DRIP
Significance
They are not particularly distinctive morphologically, appearing in host tissues as enlarged spheres or ovals containing spores, and most were originally classified in various groups as fungi, protozoa, or colorless algae. However, they form a coherent group on molecular trees, closely related to both animals and fungi and so of interest to biologists studying their origins. In a 2008 study they emerge robustly as the sibling-group of the clade Filozoa, which includes the animals.[2][3]
Huldtgren et al., following
Terminology
The name DRIP is an acronym for the first protozoa identified as members of the group,[5] Cavalier-Smith later treated them as the class Ichthyosporea, since they were all parasites of fish.
- order Dermocystida
- "D": Dermocystidium. One species, Rhinosporidium seeberi, infects birds and mammals, including humans.
- "R": the "rosette agent", now known as Sphaerothecum destruens
- order Ichthyophonida
- "I": Ichthyophonus
- "P": Psorospermium
Since other new members have been added (e.g. the former fungal orders
Phylogeny
Ichthyosporea[8][9] |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxonomy
- Class Ichthyosporea Cavalier-Smith 1998[10][11]
- Order Dermocystida Cavalier-Smith 1998
- Family Rhinosporidiaceae Mendoza et al. 2001
- Order Ichthyophonida Cavalier-Smith 1998
- Suborder Sphaeroformina Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Family Creolimacidae Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Family Psorospermidae Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Family Piridae Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Suborder Trichomycina Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Genus †Paleocadus Poinar 2016
- Family Amoebidiidae Lichtenstein 1917 ex Kirk et al. 2001
- Family Ichthyophonidae Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Family Paramoebidiidae Reynolds et al. 2017
- Family Parataeniellaceae Manier & Lichtward 1968
- Family Eccrinaceae Leger & Duboscq 1929 [Palavasciaceae Manier & Lichtward 1968]
- Suborder Sphaeroformina Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Order Dermocystida Cavalier-Smith 1998
References
- ^ Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. Neomonada and the origin of animals and fungi. In: Coombs GH, Vickerman K, Sleigh MA, Warren A (ed.) Evolutionary relationships among protozoa. Kluwer, London, pp. 375-407,
- PMID 18461162.
- ISBN 978-0544859937.
- ^ Douglas Fox, "How life got complicated", Discover Magazine, December 2012.
- PMID 8876236.
- PMID 10449446.
- PMID 12142489.
- S2CID 52977120.
- PMID 28219758.
- PMID 23085100.
- .
- "Eccrinida". Species Fungorum. 2016.