Mesothelium
| Mesothelium | |
|---|---|
peritoneal mesothelial lining, and underlying fibrous tissue. H&E stain. | |
| Details | |
| Precursor | Somatopleuric mesenchyme |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | mesothelium |
| TH | H2.00.02.0.02017, H3.04.08.0.00003 |
| FMA | 14074 |
| Anatomical terminology] | |
The mesothelium is a
Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male
Origin
Mesothelium derives from the embryonic mesoderm cell layer, that lines the coelom (body cavity) in the embryo. It develops into the layer of cells that covers and protects most of the internal organs of the body.
Structure
The mesothelium forms a monolayer of flattened
Function
The mesothelium is composed of an extensive monolayer of specialized cells (mesothelial cells) that line the body's serous cavities and internal organs. The main purpose of these cells is to produce a lubricating fluid that is released between layers,[4] providing a slippery, non-adhesive, and protective surface to facilitate intracoelomic movement.
The mesothelium is also implicated in the transport and movement of fluid and particulate matter across the serosal cavities,
Role in disease
- Mesothelioma: (cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. Cancer cells can also metastasize (spread) from their original site to other parts of the body. Most cases of mesothelioma begin in the pleura or peritoneum. More than 90% of mesothelioma cases are linked to asbestos exposure.
- Mesothelial hyperplasia
- Intra-abdominal adhesions: Normally, the mesothelium secretes plasminogen, which removes fibrindeposits. During surgical procedures, the mesothelium may be damaged. Its fibrinolytic capacity becomes insufficient and fibrin accumulates, causing fibrous adhesions between opposing surfaces. These adhesions cause intestinal obstruction and female infertility if it occurs in the abdomen, and may impair cardiac and lung function in the thorax.
- Ultrafiltration failure: The peritoneal mesothelium is implicated in the long-term development of ultrafiltration failure in fibroblasts. A fibrosed peritoneum results in the increased passage of solutes across the peritoneum and ultrafiltration failure.
See also
References
- PMID 35126608.
- ISBN 978-0-7817-7057-6. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
- ^ Image by Mikael Häggström. MD.
Reference for findings and causes: "Reactive Mesothelial Cells". LabCE. - ISBN 978-0-7817-1928-5. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
External links
- Mesothelioma: Questions and Answers (National Cancer Institute).
- Histology at KUMC epithel-epith01 "Mesothelium"
- Histology image: 00102loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Tissues, Layers, and Organs: transverse section of rat gut"