Meteorological history of Typhoon Haiyan
Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | November 3, 2013 |
Dissipated | November 11, 2013 |
Violent typhoon | |
10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
Highest winds | 230 km/h (145 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg |
Category 5-equivalent super typhoon | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
Highest winds | 315 km/h (195 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 884 hPa (mbar); 26.10 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Areas affected | |
History
Response Other wikis |
Thereafter, it continued to intensify; at 12:00 UTC on November 7, the
Origins and intensification
On November 2, the
A small typhoon, with a core roughly 110 km (68 mi) across, rapid intensification continued through November 6 as an 11 km (6.8 mi) wide pin-hole eye formed. Upper-level
Peak intensity
Around 1200 UTC on November 7, Haiyan attained its peak intensity with ten-minute sustained winds of 230 km/h (64 m/s; 140 mph) and a
Satellite estimates at the time, using the
Philippine landfalls
At 2040 UTC on November 7, The mountainous terrain of the Philippines disrupted the cyclone's low-level inflow, slightly degrading the storm's structure, prompting slow weakening. Radar data indicates that at 2108 UTC, the northern eye was over the village of Guiuan. Around this time, the dome of the Guiuan radar station was blown into the sea. The storm crossed into Leyte Gulf shortly thereafter.
At 2300 UTC, the storm made another landfall on the island of Leyte. The northern eyewall, the most powerful part of the storm, hit Tacloban City.
As Haiyan moved further into Leyte, it reached the Nacolod mountain range. As the core traversed the Nacolod, its 1500 m peaks significantly disrupted the storm's low- and mid-level circulation. This caused the northern half of Haiyan's central core to collapse. Convection shallowed somewhat, and the eye shrank from 20
During Haiyan's passage over the Cebu Strait, the core reorganized somewhat. At 0133 UTC, the eyewall began to hit the island of
South China Sea and dissipation
By November 9, some structural reorganization took place with banding features wrapping tightly around a developing eye.[35] Environmental conditions ahead of the storm soon became less favorable, as cool stable air began wrapping into the western side of the circulation. This resulted in shallowing convecting over the center.[36] Continuing across the South China Sea, Haiyan turned more northwesterly late on November 9 and through November 10 as it moved around the southwestern edge of the subtropical ridge previously steering it westward.[37] Throughout November 10, interaction with Hainan Island and Vietnam further weakened the storm as it moved over the Gulf of Tonkin.[38] Rapid weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam, with increasing wind shear displacing convection to the north of the center of circulation. The storm had also turned more northerly by this point as the subtropical ridge began to erode.[39] Around 2100 UTC, Haiyan made landfall in Haiphong as a severe tropical storm with ten-minute sustained winds of 110 km/h (31 m/s; 68 mph).[3] Once onshore, Haiyan turned more easterly as the mid-latitude westerlies became the primary steering factor.[40] By 1200 UTC on November 11, Haiyan had dissipated as a tropical cyclone, as it moved over Guangxi Province, China.[3]
See also
Notes
- ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[1]
- Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[4]
- ^ A super typhoon is defined as a tropical cyclone with one-minute sustained winds of at least 240 km/h (67 m/s; 150 mph).[13]
- ^ Cold dark gray refers to the temperature of cloud tops seen on enhanced infrared satellite imagery and indicates values below −81 °C (−114 °F).
References
- ^ "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. 2011. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. November 2, 2013. Archived from the original on November 2, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f Typhoon Haiyan (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. December 18, 2013. Archived from the original on December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
- ^ "Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center 2000" (PDF). Japan Meteorological Agency. February 2001. p. 3. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 31W (Thirty-One) Warning Nr 01". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 3, 2013. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
- ^ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (WTPN22 PGTW 030530)". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 04". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 4, 2013. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 08". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. November 5, 2013. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
- ^ Jeff Masters (November 13, 2013). "Super Typhoon Haiyan's Intensification and Unusually Warm Sub-Surface Waters". Weather Underground. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ "Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 010". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 5, 2013. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 11". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 5, 2013. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 12". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ Gary Padgett; Kevin Boyle & Simon Clarke (February 21, 2007). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary – October 2006" (Report). Typhoon 2000. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number One". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Nr 14". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Palau assesses damage after Super Typhoon Haiyan". Australia Network News. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
- ^ a b "Super Typhoon Haiyan". Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies. University of Wisconsin. November 11, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ "Typhoon List". Digital Typhoon. 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Nr 19". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ a b Jeff Masters (November 7, 2013). "Super Typhoon Haiyan: Strongest Landfalling Tropical Cyclone on Record". Weather Underground. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ Michael Turk (November 7, 2013). "Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) November 7, 2013 1430z Satellite Bulletin". Satellite Analysis Branch. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ a b "Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) ADT History Listing". Satellite Analysis Branch. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ "Position History for 31W". Satellite Analysis Branch. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c "SitRep No. 17 Effects of Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan)" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ a b Masters, Jeff. "Winston's 180 mph Winds in Fiji: Southern Hemisphere's Strongest Storm on Record". Weather Underground. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
- ^ "Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number Six". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ^ "Super Typhoon Goni slams into Philippines as strongest landfalling tropical cyclone on record » Yale Climate Connections". Yale Climate Connections. 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
- Wunderground. November 7, 2013. Archived from the originalon November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 20". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ^ "iCyclone Chase Report – Preliminary" (PDF). iCyclone. November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
- ^ Jeff Masters (November 15, 2013). "Haiyan's True Intensity and Death Toll Still Unknown". Weather Underground. Retrieved November 16, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 21". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 23". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ^ "WTPQ21 RJTD 082100 RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory". Japan Meteorological Agency. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 24". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 25". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 28". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 30". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 31". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
- ^ "Tropical Storm 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 032 (Final)". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
External links
- JMA General Information of Typhoon Haiyan (1330) from Digital Typhoon
- JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Haiyan (1330) (in Japanese)
- JTWC Best Track Data of Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan)
- 31W.HAIYAN from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
- Super Typhoon Haiyan from the CIMSS Satellite Blog
- The track of Typhoon Haiyan from YouTube