Novel coronavirus

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the naming of newly discovered coronaviruses. For the 2019 virus, see
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. For the 2020-2023 pandemic, see COVID-19 pandemic
.
Look up nCoV in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a provisional name given to

virulent strains which can cause viral pneumonia and in serious cases even acute respiratory distress syndrome and death.[1][2][3]

Species

The following viruses could initially be referred to as "novel coronavirus", before being formally named:

Human pathogenic novel coronaviridae species
Official name Other names Original host[a] Place of discovery Disease caused
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)[b][3]
 (2019) novel coronavirus (nCoV);[4][5] SARS virus 2; Human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19) pangolins,[6] bats Wuhan, China coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)[c][3][7]
Middle East respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus (MERS-CoV)[d]
 (2012) novel coronavirus;[8] MERS virus; Middle East virus; camel flu virus camels, bats Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Middle East respiratory syndrome
(MERS)
Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1) (2004) novel coronavirus;[9] New Haven virus mice Hong Kong, China unnamed, extremely rare, usually
coronavirus respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1)[b]
 (2002) novel coronavirus;[10][11] SARS virus civets, bats Foshan, China
severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS)
  1. ^ Host jump capability may not persist
  2. ^
    SARSr-CoV
  3. ^ Synonyms include 2019 coronavirus pneumonia and Wuhan respiratory syndrome
  4. ^ Strains include MERS coronavirus EMC/2012 and London1 novel CoV/2012

All four viruses are part of the Betacoronavirus genus within the coronavirus family.

Etymology

The word "novel" indicates a "new pathogen of a previously known type" (i.e. known family) of virus. Use of the word conforms to best practices for naming new infectious diseases published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015. Historically, pathogens have sometimes been named after locations, individuals, or specific species.[citation needed] However, this practice is now explicitly discouraged by the WHO.[12]

The official permanent names for viruses and for diseases are determined by the

ICD
, respectively.

At the beginning of the

MERS outbreaks being referred to as "Camel flu virus" or "Middle East virus".[13]

See also

References

  1. PMC 7152149
    .
  2. ISBN 978-1-4200-9241-7
    .
  3. ^
    PMID 32773996
    .
  4. PMID 32015507
    .
  5. ^ "Novel Coronavirus – China". World Health Organization. 12 January 2020. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
  6. PMID 32315281
    . Sequence alignment around the RBD supported potential recombination between SARSr-Ra-BatCoV RaTG13 and pangolin-SARSr-CoV/MP789/Guangdong/2019 and the receptor-binding motif region showing exceptionally high sequence similarity to that of pangolin-SARSr-CoV/MP789/Guangdong/2019.
  7. ^ According to ICD-10 the disease is referred to as "2019-new coronavirus acute respiratory disease [temporary name]". It is not listed in ICD-11.
  8. S2CID 7671909
    .
  9. PMID 15613317
    .
  10. PMID 15254784
    .
  11. PMID 14647384
    .
  12. ^ World Health Organization. (May 2015). "World Health Organization best practices for the naming of new human infectious diseases" (PDF).
  13. PMID 32343669
    .
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