Les Identitaires
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|
Identity Bloc Bloc identitaire | |
---|---|
Nice Cedex 04 | |
Newspaper | Novopress |
Youth wing | Generation Identity/Generation Identitaire (formerly) |
Ideology | French nationalism Ethnopluralism Identitarianism Anti-Americanism Anti-Islam Neo-fascism (denied by the group) |
Political position | Far-right |
Colours | Black, Blue |
Website | |
les-identitaires.fr | |
Les Identitaires (English: The Identitarians), formerly the Bloc identitaire[1] (English: Identitarian Bloc), is an Identitarian nationalist movement in France.[2][3][4][5][6][7] Like the French New Right, scholars generally consider the movement far-right or sometimes as a syncretic mixture of multiple ideologies across the political spectrum.[2][8][9][10][11]
Les Identitaires contain a number of strains of political thought including
It was founded in 2003 by some former members of
The movement is widely considered neo-fascist, although Les Identitaires does not consider itself as such.[3][4] Génération Identitaire was banned in March 2021.[12] On February 14, 2023, the Global Project Against Hate and Extremism (GPAHE) released a report in which it classified Les Identitaires as a "white nationalist" and "Anti-Muslim" group.[13][14]
Ideology
It opposes "imperialism, whether it be
The Bloc Identitaire runs the agency and website Novopress, that has associates in most of Western Europe and North America.[16]
Novopress
Novopress presents itself as an "international news agency"
Novopress is politically geared towards
Youth wing
The youth wing of Bloc Identitaire, called in France Génération identitaire,[1] or Generation Identity, expanded to other European states soon after its creation in 2012, including Generazione Identitaria in Italy and Identitäre Bewegung in Germany and Austria.[21][22] Other youth wings are also present in the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Belgium, Slovenia, Hungary, and the United Kingdom and Ireland. France banned Generation Identity in March 2021.[23]
Controversies
The Bloc Identitaire has been accused of intentionally distributing several popular soups containing
This ethno-regionalist movement has also organised a campaign against the rap group Sniper in 2003, which was taken up by the conservative Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), leading to the cancellation of several concerts of the band. UMP deputy Nadine Morano interpolated Interior Minister (UMP) Nicolas Sarkozy on this theme, while 200 UMP deputies, led by François Grosdidier, tried without success to censor several hip-hop bands. Sarkozy criticized the hip-hop group as "ruffians who dishonour France."[citation needed]
In 2004, the Bloc Identitaire also organized a campaign against Italian writer
In 2010, they staged a protest in "resistance to the Islamization of France" at the
In December 2018,
On 11 July 2019, Germany's Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV), the country's domestic intelligence agency, formally designated the Identitarian Movement as "a verified extreme right movement against the liberal democratic constitution." The new classification will allow the BfV to use more powerful surveillance methods against the group and its youth wing, Generation Identity. The Identitarian Movement has about 600 members in Germany.[29]
Lawsuit
In August 2019, a French court sentenced three members of Generation Identity to a six-month jail term, fines of €2,000 each and loss of civic rights for five years, and fined the pan-European organisation €75,000, over an anti-immigrant operation in the Alps. Generation Identity president Clément Gandelin, spokesman Romain Espino and Damien Lefèvre were found guilty of "exercising activities in conditions that could create confusion with a public function". The case was that the operation, involving about 100 of their members at the Col de l'Échelle in April 2018, could have been mistaken for a police action.[15][30]
Ban
On 3 March 2021, France banned Génération Identitaire (Generation Identity), as the Interior Minister Gérald Darmanin said the movement incited "discrimination, hatred and violence".[12] A few weeks before, dozens of people protested in Paris against the dissolution. About 200 protesters were estimated to be present.[31][32]
Jordan Bardella, at the time the spokesperson for the National Rally, posted statements of support for Génération Identitaire. As a result, Facebook removed the posts and suspended certain features of his account.[33]
References
- ^ a b "Génération identitaire : des militants d'extrême droite à la com' bien rodée" (in French). LCI. 22 April 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ a b Kleinfeld, Philip (9 January 2015). "A Close Look at the French Far Right". Vice News. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
- ^ a b Valencia-García, Louie Dean (22 February 2018). "Generation Identity: A Millennial Fascism for the Future?". EuropeNow Journal. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
- ^ a b c d Staff (12 October 2015). "American Racists Work to Spread 'Identitarian' Ideology". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Haydn Rippon (2 November 2012), "Occupy Le Mosque: France's New Radical Nativism", The Conversation – via Boston University
- ^ Feder, J. Lester (4 May 2018). "Facebook Targets Major White Nationalist Group In France". BuzzFeed. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
- ^ Beirich, Heidi (21 November 2014). "Identitarianism Worldwide". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
- ^ « Le mouvement d'extrême droite Bloc identitaire se lance dans les régionales », Le Point, 17 octobre 2009
- ^ Abel Mestre et Caroline Monnot, « Du Bloc identitaire au FN, l'extrême droite française se concentre sur la peur de l'islam », Le Monde, 1 décembre 2009
- ^ Rémi Noyon (interviewer), Stéphane François (interviewé), « Oubliez "Game of Thrones" : les identitaires ont des théories plus folles », Rue89, 11 mai 2014.
- ^ Cependant, Jean-Yves Camus classe le BI non à l'extrême droite, mais « à droite de la droite » : « Oskar Freysinger et ses inquiétantes fréquentations européennes » Archived 4 June 2012 at archive.today (interview par Patricia Briel), Le Temps, 18 novembre 2010, le BI promeut l'« alter-Europe » et une certaine forme de régionalisme
- ^ a b "France bans far-right anti-migrant group Generation Identity". France 24. 3 March 2021.
- ^ "GPAHE report: Far-Right Hate and Extremist Groups in Australia". Global Project Against Hate and Extremism. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
- ^ Conge, Paul (14 February 2023). "Un rapport américain s'inquiète de l'essor des "groupes d'extrême droite haineux" en France". www.marianne.net (in French). Retrieved 7 April 2023.
- ^ a b "French court jails far-right activists over anti-immigrant Alps stunt". The Guardian. 29 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ Ludovic Finez, « Les "infos" xénophobes de Novopress », 27 July 2005.
- ^ Finez, Ludovic (22 July 2005). "Les " infos " xénophobes de Novopress (Novopress's "xenophobic "news")". Club de la Presse Nord-Pas de Calais.
- ^ Boucher-Lambert, Silvère; Saretta, Olivier (26 February 2009). "Comment l'antisémitisme tisse sa toile sur Internet (How anti-Semitism weaves its web on the Internet)". L'Express.
- ^ Duyck, Alexandre (8 June 2008). "Les Identitaires sur Google (The Identitaires on Google)". leJDD.fr. Archived from the original on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
- ^ Sample article: L’humeur de Patrick Gofman: J’inaugure le Salon du Livre! (The mood of Patrick Gofman: I inaugurate the Book Fair!), Society column, 20 March 2008
- ^ "Identitäre Bewegung Österreich". Archived from the original on 14 May 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
- ^ "Identitäre Bewegung Deutschland e.V. | Heimat-Freiheit-Tradition".
- ^ Bennhold, Katrin (3 March 2021). "Germany Places Far-Right AfD Party Under Surveillance for Extremism". The New York Times.
- ^ Robert Marquand (17 June 2010), "Facebook draws 7,000 to anti-Muslim pork sausage party in Paris", The Christian Science Monitor,
the group sent out a press release, calling upon "all Parisians … and French" to meet at the Arc de Triomphe Friday to eat ham and drink grape juice
- ^ Mara Gay (17 June 2010), "Paris Facebook Group Throws Anti-Muslim Booze & Pork-Sausage Party", Politics Daily, archived from the original on 19 February 2015, retrieved 19 February 2015,
thousands will gather to protest the presence of Muslims in France by drinking alcohol and eating sausage
- ^ Bailey, Luke (21 June 2018). "Far-right group Generation Identity have been banned from Facebook across Europe". i news. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
- ^ "Generation Hate: French far right's violence and racism exposed". Al Jazeera. 10 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ "Cinq questions sur "Generation Hate", le documentaire polémique d'Al Jazeera sur un bar identitaire de Lille". France Info. 15 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ Croucher, Shane (11 July 2019) "Identitarian Movement, Linked to Christchurch Mosque Shooter, Classified as Extremist Right-wing Group by German Intelligence Agency" Newsweek
- ^ "Members of far-right group Generation Identity jailed after anti-migrant operation in French Alps". The Independent. 30 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ "Dozens protest dissolution of Generation Identity group in France". 20 February 2021.
- ^ http://www.dailyjournal.net/2021/02/21/eu-france-protests/ [dead link]
- ^ "Maréchal et Bardella "censurés" après des posts sur Génération identitaire? Facebook répond". Le HuffPost (in French). 22 February 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2022.