Pandurang Sadashiv Sane

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Pandurang Sadashiv Sane
BornPandurang Sadashiv Sane
24 December 1899
Palgad, Bombay State, British India
(present-day Dapoli Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India)
Died11 June 1950 (aged 50)
Mumbai
OccupationWriter, teacher, social activist, freedom fighter
NationalityIndian
Notable worksShyamchi Aai

Pandurang Sadashiv Sane (Marathi pronunciation: [paːɳɖuɾəŋɡ səd̪aːʃiʋ saːne] pronunciationⓘ ; 24 December 1899 – 11 June 1950), also known as Sane Guruji (Guruji meaning "respected teacher") by his students and followers, was a Marathi author, teacher, social activist and freedom fighter from Maharashtra, India. His literature, aimed at educating children, continues to inspire the young and old. After Gandhi's assassination, he became very upset. He then died due to overdose of his sleeping pills.

Early life

Sane was born on 24 December 1899 to Sadashivrao and Yashodabai Sane in Palgad village near Dapoli town,

British India (in present-day Ratnagiri district of the Konkan region of Maharashtra
state). He was their third child and second son. His father, Sadashivrao, was a revenue collector traditionally referred to as a khot, who evaluated and collected village crops on behalf of the government, and was allowed to keep twenty-five percent of his collections as his own share. The family was relatively well off during Sane's early childhood, but their financial condition later deteriorated, leading to their house being confiscated by government authorities. Unable to face the trauma and hardship, Sane's mother Yashodabai died in 1917. His mother's death due to a lack of medical facilities as well as his inability to meet her at her deathbed would haunt Sane Guruji for the rest of his life.

Education

Pandurang Sadashiv Sane (Sane Guruji) statue in garden of ZP Boys' Primary School, Chinawal

Sane completed his primary education in the village of Dondaicha, in the

taluka in Dhule district. After his primary education, he was sent to Pune to live with his maternal uncle for further education. However, he did not like his stay in Pune and returned to Palgadh to stay at a missionary school in Dapoli, about six miles from Palgad. While at Dapoli, he was quickly recognised as an intelligent student with good command over both the Marathi and Sanskrit
languages. He was also interested in poetry.

While in school at Dapoli, the financial condition of his family deteriorated further and he could not afford to continue his education. Like his elder brother, he considered taking up a job to help with the family finances. However, on the recommendation of one of his friends, and with support from his parents, he enrolled at the Aundh Institution, which provided free education and food to poor students. Here at Aundh he suffered many hardships but continued his education. However, an epidemic of bubonic plague in Aundh led to all students being sent home.

Back in Palgad, one night he overheard his parents' conversation where his father expressed concern over his son's dedication to education. Enraged and hurt by his father's suspicion, he immediately traveled to Pune and enrolled as a student at the

Sir Parshurambhau College). He obtained his B.A. and M.A. degrees there in Marathi and Sanskrit literature.[2]

Career

Sane's father Sadashivrao was a supporter of

Indian independence struggle
.

Participation in Indian independence movement

Sane resigned from his school job to join the

Nasik, Yeravada, and Jalgaon
for a total duration of six years and seven months in different jails. He also observed fast on seven occasions. Sane Guruji was imprisoned second time in the Trichnapalli Jail, where he learned
Kural into Marathi.[6] He recognised the importance of learning Indian languages, particularly in the context of the problem of national integration; and started the Antar Bharati movement. Antarbharati Anuvad Suvidha Kendra (Marathi: अंतरभारती अनुवाद सुविधा केन्द्र; Inter-Indian Translation Services Centre) and the Sane Guruji Rashtriya Smarak (Marathi: साने गुरुजी राष्ट्रीय स्मारक; Sane Guruji National Memorial) would continue this legacy.[7]

Sane played a crucial role in the spread of the Indian National Congress presence in rural Maharashtra, particularly in Khandesh. He was actively involved in the organisation of the Faizpur Session of the Congress. He also participated in the Election Campaign of the Bombay Provincial Elections of 1936.[8][9] He participated in the 1942 Quit India Movement and was imprisoned for 15 months for it. During this period he became closely associated with Congress socialists like Madhu Limaye.

Working-class movement

In the late 1930s, Sane was part of a working-class movement in the East Khandesh District. He played a crucial role in organising the textile labour and peasants of Khandesh.

S.M. Joshi. Sane was a vehement critic of Hindu nationalist parties such as the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and their allies.[11]

Eradication of caste

In response to Mahatma Gandhi's promise to

Vitthal Temple for untouchables. The fast lasted 11 days from 1 May to 11 May 1947, and the doors of the Vitthal temple were ultimately opened for the untouchables.[9][12]

Death

In the post-independence period, Sane became increasingly disillusioned over the possibilities of eliminating inequality from Indian society. Moreover the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi deeply affected him. His response to this tragedy was to fast for 21 days.[8] Sane Guruji was upset very much after the independence of the country due to several reasons. He committed suicide on 11 June 1950 by overdosing on sleeping pills.[2][13]

Legacy

  • Antar Bharati, the organization founded by Sane Guruji is also working for his dream of integrated India through several programmes particularly for Children and the youths in the country through a family exchange, National Integration Camps in parts of the country. The organization also publishes a monthly Hindi magazine titled "Antar Bharati".
  • There is an annual gathering of Guruji's followers on 10 May to commemorate the opening of Pandharpur temple of Vithoba to the Dalit community.
  • Sadhana – a Marathi magazine for intellectual thinking process founded and edited by Guruji continues to be publishing even today. It is published from Pune and has a good readership among Marathi speakers.[14] Over the recent years, the magazine has been edited by notable persons like the late Yadunath Thatte, and the recently murdered Dr. Narendra Dabholkar
    .
  • To commemorate the Birth Centenary of Guruji in 1999, the Sane Guruji Rashtriya Smarak Samiti was formed and it has developed a national memorial in the name of Sane Guruji at Vadghar in Mangaon, Raigad district in Maharashtra state on Konkan Railway route. The organisations believing in the ideology of Guruji include Rashtra Seva Dal, Antar Bharati, and Akhil Bharatiya Sane Guruji Kathamala. They have contributed to the memorial in their own way. The national memorial consists of a Camping site, Guest accommodation, Library and Reference wing with a provision for translation of the literary work in various Indian languages.[15][16] It is being developed as a camping ground for students since 2001.
  • The Indian Postal service issued a commemorative postage stamp in his honour in the year 2001.[17][18]

Literary works

Guruji wrote around 135 books and about 73 books have been published and almost all these books can be considered [19] literature for children. His most well-known work in Marathi literature include Śhyamchi Aai which has been translated in almost all the Indian languages as well as in Japanese and English. The others include 'Bhāratiya Saṃskṛti' (Marathi: भारतीय संस्कृति; Indian Culture) and Patri- the collection of various songs and poems.

One of his books, 'Teen Muley', is a heart warming story of a group of three children and is considered classic and one of the best books written in Marathi.

He started a weekly journal named Sadhana (weekly) on 15 August 1948. This journal has been regularly published since then.[14]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Mangalvedhekar (1975), p. 50
  2. ^
    JSTOR 4396897
    .
  3. ^ Mangalvedhekar (1975), p. 64
  4. ^ a b Mangalvedhekar (1975), pp. 140–154
  5. ^ Bhave (1997)
  6. ^ Joshi, Shripad (1973). Marathi Translation of Tirukkural. In: First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers (N. Sanjeevi, ed.) (2nd ed.). Chennai: University of Madras. pp. 50–55.
  7. ^ Sane Guruji Rashtriya Smarak Trust
  8. ^ a b Mangalvedhekar (1975)
  9. ^ a b c Redkar (2011)
  10. ^ a b Redkar (2011), pp. 66–88
  11. ^ Redkar (2011), p. 53
  12. ^ a b Boda (1997)
  13. ^ Mangalvedhekar (1975), p. 380
  14. ^ a b मुख्य पान
  15. ^ Sane Guruji Rashtriya Smarak Trust
  16. ^ Saneguruji Rastriya Smarak Vadghar, Mangaon
  17. ^ "PSGVP Mandal's College of Pharmacy, Shahada | Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy, Shahada | Shahada College of Pharmacy". Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
  18. ^ "New Page 1". Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
  19. ^ "Sane Guruji Samagra Sahitya". Archived from the original on 8 January 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2023.

Bibliography

  • Bhave, Vinoba (1997). Moved by Love. Wardha: Paramdham Prakashan.
  • Boda, Sudha (1997). Sane Gurujincha Mandir Praveshacha Ladha. Baroda: Boda.
  • Mangalvedhekar, Raja (1975). Sane Gurujinchi Jeevan Gatha. Pune: Sadhana Publication.
  • Redkar, Chaitra (2011). Sane Guruji. Pune: Gandharv Ved Publications.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pandurang Sadashiv Sane.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Sane&oldid=1209175031"