Passiontide
Passiontide | |
---|---|
Methodists | |
Type | Christian |
Begins | Passion Sunday |
Ends | Holy Saturday |
Date | Last two weeks of Lent |
Related to | Holy Week, Paschal Triduum |
Passiontide (in the Christian
History
"Passiontide" refers to the last two weeks of Lent. According to Cyril of Scythopolis, during this time the monks of the East, who had chosen the desert for a severer mode of life, returned to their monasteries.[1]
In certain countries, such as Brazil and Italy, it is seen as the beginning of the
In the Orthodox Church, the Fifth Saturday of Great Lent is known as the Saturday of the Akathist, when the "Akathist to the Theotokos" is sung at Compline.
Observance
Lenten shrouds
In the
Tridentine Passiontide
In the
The reform of Passiontide since 1955
Passion Week is a name for the week beginning on Passion Sunday, as the Fifth Sunday of Lent was once called in the Roman Rite. In the 1955 Holy Week revisions, Passion Sunday was formally renamed from Dominica Passionis or Dominica de Passione ("Sunday of the Passion") to Dominica I Passionis, "First Sunday of the Passion" or "First Sunday of Passiontide". Palm Sunday, formerly Dominica in Palmis ("Sunday in Palms") became Dominica II Passionis seu in Palmis ("II Sunday of the Passion or in Palms").
Since the revision of the General Roman Calendar in 1969, the name "Passiontide" is no longer used for the last two weeks of Lent, although the former usage is somewhat preserved in the formal name for the Sunday before Easter, "Palm Sunday of the Lord's Passion". However, the Preface called that of the Passion of the Lord I (The Power of the Cross) is used in the fifth week of Lent and the Preface of the Passion of the Lord II (The Victory of the Passion) is used on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday of Holy Week.
However, even before
In Pope John XXIII's revision, not only the Sunday that had previously had the exclusive name of Passion Sunday but also the following Sunday referred in their names to the Passion. The latter became the "Second Sunday of the Passion or Palm Sunday" (Dominica II Passionis seu in Palmis).[7] The week beginning on that Sunday continued to have a distinctive name, "Holy Week" ("Hebdomada sancta") (previously, "Great Week", "Hebdomada major", but referred to in English as Holy Week), and the first days in it were called "Monday (etc.) of Holy Week", not "Monday (etc.) after the Second Sunday of the Passion or Palm Sunday".
In the 1969 revision, Passiontide ceased to be a separate liturgical season and became the Fifth Week of Lent, followed by Holy Week.
Anglican Passiontide
Passiontide is observed in many provinces of the
Furthermore, until the introduction of the new Harmony of the Gospel Readings for Holy Week in 1969, English-speaking members of the
Music for Passiontide
Much music has been written for Passiontide. The Gregorian chant composed for the First Sunday of Passiontide expresses two main themes: the expectation of Easter and the suffering that will be endured on Good Friday. The Introit "Iudica Me Domine" (Ps. 42 [43]), the Gradual "Eripe Me Domine" (Ps. 139), and the Tract "Saepe Expugnaverunt" (Ps. 128) all express the theme of the persecution of the just man. The Offertory on the other hand "Confitebor" (from Ps. 137 [138]) concentrates on the hope of ultimate victory and vindication. The Communion antiphon "Hoc Corpus" is taken directly from the Gospels and has a eucharist theme fittingly adapted to the liturgical moment that it accompanies, but it also calls to mind the impending Passover meal, which will serve as the setting for the Last Supper.
Several composers have set to music the seven sayings of Jesus on the cross. Heinrich Schütz composed a cantata, Die sieben Worte Jesu Christi am Kreuz, c. 1645. Joseph Haydn wrote seven string quartets, Die sieben letzten Worte unseres Erlösers am Kreuze (The seven last words of our Redeemer on the cross) which also appeared in other arrangements. The Seven Last Words from the Cross, a cantata for choir and strings was composed in 1993) by James MacMillan.
See also
References
- ^ a b Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. .
- ^ Grupo LEXED. "Viernes de Dolores". Quanaxhuato.com. Archived from the original on 2017-11-17. Retrieved 2019-04-06.
- ^ Note at the end of the Mass of Saturday of the Fourth Week of Lent in the Roman Missal
- ^ Petersen, David H. (26 February 2015). "The Ceremonies of Passiontide Described". Gottesdienst Online. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
- ^ Missale Romanum, 1920 typical edition Archived 2020-03-01 at the Wayback Machine, p. 156
- ^ Missale Romanum 1962 Archived 2020-02-15 at the Wayback Machine, p. 118
- ^ Missale Romanum 1962 Archived 2020-02-15 at the Wayback Machine, p. 130