Pitt–Newcastle ministry
Between 1757 and 1762,
History
The ministry ended a period of political instability in which Great Britain had struggled in the war. Pitt was a strong war leader but lacked the support in Parliament necessary to provide effective leadership. Newcastle provided this, as he had a solid support base in the House of Commons. They divided duties between each other; Pitt directed the defence and foreign policies, while Newcastle controlled the nation's finances and patronage.
The ministry led Britain to many victories in the war, particularly in the so-called
In 1762 Newcastle was forced to resign, with his followers (the "Pelhamites") dismissed by Bute in what became known as the "Massacre of the Pelhamite Innocents";[3][4] this is traditionally considered to have been the moment the ministry collapsed.[5]
Ministry
It is unclear who was a member of the Cabinet.
Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|
* | 1757 | 1762 | |
| 1757 | 1761 | |
1761 | 1762 | ||
| 1757 | 1762 | |
Lord President of the Council[9] | 1757 | 1762 | |
Lord Privy Seal[10] | 1757 | 1761 | |
In commission | 1761 | 1761 | |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Leader of the House of Commons | * | 1757 | 1761 |
| 1761 | 1762 | |
Secretary of State for the Southern Department[11] | William Pitt * | 1757 | 1761 |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Secretary of State for the Northern Department[11] | 1757 | 1761 | |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Master-General of the Ordnance[12] | 1757 | 1758 | |
Vacant | 1758 | 1759 | |
1759 | 1762 | ||
First Lord of the Admiralty[13] | 1757 | 1762 | |
Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland[14] | 1757 | 1761 | |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Lord Chamberlain of the Household[15] | 1757 | 1762 | |
Lord Steward of the Household | 1757 | 1761 | |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster[16] | 1757 | 1758 | |
1758 | 1762 | ||
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | The Duke of Bedford | 1757 | 1761 |
1761 | 1762 | ||
Master of the Horse[17] | 1757 | 1760 | |
1760 | 1761 | ||
The Duke of Rutland | 1761 | 1762 | |
Paymaster of the Forces | 1757 | 1765 |
See also
- 11th Parliament of Great Britain
- 1761 British general election
- Great Britain in the Seven Years' War
- Whigs (British political party)
Notes
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 11
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 12 ; Namier & Brooke 1985, p. 539
- ^ Roberts, Roberts & Bisson 2016, p. 311 ; Kelch 1974, p. 178
- ^ Bloy, Marjorie (12 January 2016), "The Massacre of the Pelhamite Innocents", A Web of English History, retrieved 16 August 2017
- ^ Middleton 1985, p. 209
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 112
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 168
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 105
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 119
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 147
- ^ a b Haydn 1851, p. 172
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 192
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 160
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 401
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 206
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, p. 45
- ^ Haydn 1851, p. 209
References
- doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21801 (Subscription or UK public library membershiprequired.)
- Cook, Chris; Stevenson, John (1980), British Historical Facts, 1760–1830, Springer (published 2016), ISBN 978-1-137-06465-3
- ——; Stevenson, John (1988), British Historical Facts: 1688–1760, Palgrave Macmillan UK, ISBN 978-1-349-02369-1
- Haydn, Joseph (1851), The Book of Dignities, London: Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans
- Kelch, Ray A. (1974), Newcastle; A Duke Without Money: Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1693–1768, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-02537-0
- ISBN 0-521-26546-0
- ISBN 978-0-436-30420-0
- Roberts, Clayton; Roberts, David F.; Bisson, Douglas (2016), A History of England, Volume 2: 1688 to the Present, Routledge, ISBN 978-1-315-50960-0