Richard Pearce (botanist)
Richard Pearce (c.1835 – 17 July 1868) was a British
Early career
Pearce was born at Stoke, Devonport in Devon.[3] His first employment was with Pontey's nursery in Plymouth, where he stayed until about 1858, when he went to work at the nursery of James Veitch at Mount Radford, near Exeter.[3]
Plant collecting
James Veitch & Sons
In February 1859, Pearce was sent by Veitch to South America for three years as a "collector of plants, seeds, land-shells and other objects of Natural History".
Pearce successfully carried out his instructions, and as well as the plants he was contracted to collect, he also obtained and introduced
During 1860 Pearce made many journeys to the mountains and the interior of Chile. He wrote of the scenery of that part of the Chilean Cordilleras which he explored:
"It is of the most charming description: gently undulating meadows covered with a carpet of short grass, placid lakes reflecting from their smooth surface the mountains around, foaming cataracts and gentle rivulets, deep gorges and frightful precipices, over which tumble numerous dark, picturesque waterfalls reaching the bottom in a cloud of spray. High rocky pinnacles and lofty peaks, surround one on every side.
"Nor is the vegetation less beautiful and interesting. At an elevation of 4,000 ft. the vegetation exhibits a totally different character from that of the coast. Here one finds Antarctic Beeches (
Pernettya and Gaultheria are the most abundant of the flowering shrubs, whilst the numerous pretty little rock-plants meet one at every step with their various forms and colours."[5]
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Early in 1862 Pearce left Chile and travelled north to
In January 1863, James Veitch again sent him to South America on another three-year expedition "to collect plants, seeds and other objects of Natural History".[6] He travelled initially to Lima, Peru, from where he was to travel to "such parts of South America as by written instructions to him should be determined. Particular attention was to be directed to the Tucumán Province, [Argentina] should there be facilities for reaching that country."[6] His travels took him through Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia, before eventually reaching Tucumán. Amongst the plants that he discovered on this expedition and introduced to European hot-houses were Aphelandra nitens and Sanchezia nobilis. From Argentina, he collected Nierembergia rivularis and N. veitchii, Palava flexuosa, Mutisia decurrens and several varieties of Peperomia. On his return to La Paz, in November 1865 he also sent back to England a number of Hippeastrums, including H. pardinum and H. leopoldii and some samples of Eccremocarpus which were subsequently lost.[6]
Pearce continued to explore the Andes; one of his final discoveries before returning to Britain was Masdevallia veitchiana, which he discovered in Peru and successfully introduced to cultivation.[7]
Begonias
Whilst exploring in the
- tuberous begonia raised in Britain, Begonia × sedenii.[9]
- Begonia pearcei, discovered in Bolivia in 1864, is also important in the hybridising of the Begonia × tuberhybrida begonias, the first of which appeared in 1867.[10]
- Begonia veitchii was introduced to Europe in 1866 after Pearce discovered it in the Peruvian Andes near Cusco at an elevation of from 10,000–12,000 feet.[11] Begonia veitchii played an important role in the development of today's popular hybrid cultivars and, together with Pearce's other introductions, B. boliviensis and B. pearcei, was subsequently hybridized to produce the Begonia × tuberhybrida cultivar group.[12]
Pearce also brought back from Peru a species he named Begonia rosiflora, but this has subsequently been considered to be the same as B. veitchii, since the two forms differ only slightly, mainly in flower colour.[8]
Later career and death
On returning from
In 1867 he moved to London where he was contracted by William Bull to travel back to South America[6] in search of Masdevallia veitchiana. On arrival in Panama he set off in search of a species of Cypripedium (C. planifolium) which he had been advised was growing nearby.[13] His search was in vain and following his return to Panama City, he was taken ill on 13 July, and died on 17 July 1867 (aged 33) of yellow fever[14] transmitted by a mosquito bite.[1]
According to
References
- ^ a b Sally Ferguson. "Tuberous begonia: Sultry star of the low-light garden". www.texasgardener.com. Retrieved 15 November 2008.
- ^ Living, Country (18 April 1998). "Bunches of Bloomers Bring on the Begonias". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 15 November 2008.
- ^ ISBN 0-9553515-0-2.
- ^ "Fitzroya cupressoides". www.conifers.org. Retrieved 15 November 2008.
- ^ Hortus Veitchii. p. 46.
- ^ Hortus Veitchii. p. 47.
- Hortus Veitchii. p. 140.
- ^ a b "Begonias". www.herbs2000.com. Retrieved 15 November 2008.
- Hortus Veitchii. p. 456.
- ^ "Begonia pearcei". Country, Farm & Garden. Retrieved 14 November 2008.
- Hortus Veitchii. p. 234.
- ISBN 0-88192-733-3.
- ^ About Orchids – A Chat by Frederick Boyle (1893)
- ^ Hortus Veitchii. p. 48.