Sülüktü
Sülüktü
Сүлүктү Sulukta | |
---|---|
Town | |
UTC+6 | |
Postal code | 720500[2] |
Area code | +996 3653 |
Website | sulukta |
Sülüktü, also spelled Sulukta or Suliukta (Kyrgyz: Сүлүктү; Uzbek: Sulukta / Сулукта; Russian: Сулюкта, romanized: Sulyukta)[3] is a town located at the extreme western end of Batken Region in southern Kyrgyzstan. Sülüktü is situated at the southern fringe of the Fergana Valley in a region surrounded on three sides by Tajikistan.
The word "sülüktü" is believed to have come from the
Sülüktü is directly subordinated to Batken Region. In other words, it is not part of any district. The urban-type settlement of Vostochny and the village of Koltso are also governed by the Sülüktü Town Council.[4] In 2021 the population of Sülüktü itself was 14,770 and the combined population of Sülüktü and the subordinated villages was 24,238.[1] Its area is 18 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi).[5]
There were several large coal mines and factories in Sülüktü during Soviet times. Following the collapse of the USSR, the majority of these factories were abandoned. A lack of professionals and machinery, mismanagement, and falling income levels — all contributed to this downfall. While Sülüktü was once an important industrial center, nowadays it gives the impression of an abandoned town.
History
Sülüktü is one of Central Asia's oldest coal extraction sites. The first industrial coal mine of Sülüktü was opened in 1868. Sülüktü was made into a town in 1940.[3] Sülüktü is the first town in Kyrgyzstan where Soviet rule was established.
Sülüktü was an important industrial town in the Soviet Union. The town had several large
Geography
Sülüktü is located in the western part of Batken Region at an altitude of 1,380 meters above sea level.[6] The town lies to the north of the mountains of the Turkestan Range. The landscape of Sülüktü consists of hills and low mountains.
Climate
Sülüktü has a
Climate data for Sülüktü | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4 (39) |
6 (43) |
13 (55) |
22 (72) |
28 (82) |
34 (93) |
36 (97) |
33 (91) |
29 (84) |
20 (68) |
15 (59) |
5 (41) |
20 (69) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2 (28) |
−1 (30) |
4 (39) |
11 (52) |
15 (59) |
20 (68) |
21 (70) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
8 (46) |
4 (39) |
0 (32) |
9 (49) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18 (0.7) |
24 (0.9) |
24 (0.9) |
24 (0.9) |
18 (0.7) |
9 (0.4) |
3 (0.1) |
6 (0.2) |
3 (0.1) |
27 (1.1) |
15 (0.6) |
30 (1.2) |
201 (7.8) |
Source: [7] |
Demographics
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1970 | 18,483 | — |
1979 | 19,030 | +0.32% |
1989 | 22,159 | +1.53% |
1999 | 21,219 | −0.43% |
2009 | 20,725 | −0.24% |
2021 | 24,238 | +1.31% |
Note: resident population; Sources:[5][1] |
Representatives of many ethnic groups can be found in the town. According to official data, the Kyrgyz are the largest ethnic group. According to the 2009 Census, the ethnic make-up of Sülüktü and the subordinated villages is as follows: 73.2 percent are Kyrgyz, 19.5 percent are Uzbek, 3.6 percent are Tatar, 2.6 percent are Russian, 0.7 percent are Tajik, and the rest 0.4 percent are representatives of various other ethnic groups.[5]
Sülüktü has traditionally been
in Sülüktü.As of 2021, the populations of Sülüktü and the subordinated villages are as follows:[1]
Settlement | Population |
---|---|
Sülüktü | 14,770 |
Vostochny | 8,611 |
Koltso | 712 |
Economy
A large number of the residents of Sülüktü are migrant workers in Russia. Suluktans also go to the neighboring countries of Kazakhstan and Tajikistan to make a living. There are no reliable data on the number of labor migrants from Sülüktü.
Those who stay in the town engage mostly in trade. Sülüktü does not have a large bazaar. However, there are several small markets. The town's sellers bring their goods from markets in Osh, Kara-Suu, and Khujand.
The economy of Sülüktü, like the economy of many Kyrgyzstani towns, is primarily kiosk in nature. A large amount of local commerce occurs at the bazaars and small kiosks located all over the town. A significant amount of trade is unregulated.
Coal mining
Sülüktü is one of the oldest centers of coal mining in Central Asia. Coal has been extracted in these areas since the 10th or 11th century.[8] Geological investigations into the coal deposits of Sülüktü were conducted for the first time in 1903. According to Soviet geologists, the deposits of coal in Sülüktü date back to the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras.
The overall thickness of the coal beds in Sülüktü ranges from 35 to 120 meters. In some places, there are coal beds of commercial value 600–750 meters below ground level. The thickness of the main coal seam is 0,1–18 meters and it stretches for about 22 kilometers.[8]
The deposits of coal in Sülüktü mainly consist of
Government
Sülüktü has a mayor–council form of government. The mayor is elected at large in general elections. The Town Kenesh (Council) has 19 members. The urban-type settlement of Vostochny and the village of Koltso are also governed by the Sülüktü Town Council. The current mayor of Sülüktü is Abduzakir Ibragimov.[9]
Sülüktü is directly subordinated to Batken Region. In other words, it is not part of any district. Like in other Kyrgyzstani settlements where there are large groups of ethnic minorities, virtually all administrative positions in Sülüktü are held by ethnic Kyrgyz.[10][11] There are very few representatives of other ethnicities among town officials.
Education
Schools
Sülüktü has many educational institutions. There are nine secondary schools in the town. One of them is a lyceum and another is a gymnasium school. In Sülüktü's schools students are taught in Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and Russian. The students must learn Kyrgyz and Russian, the two official languages of Kyrgyzstan. English is taught as a foreign language at all of the schools in Sülüktü, but the quality of English teaching tends to be poor. Thus, in Sülüktü Uzbek schoolchildren learn four languages and Kyrgyz schoolchildren learn three languages.
Colleges and universities
Sülüktü is home to three institutes of higher education. The largest of these is the Sülüktü Institute of Humanities and Economics, SIHE (Russian: Сулюктинский гуманитарно-экономический институт, СГЭИ).[12] This institute is a branch of the Batken State University, BSU (Russian: Баткенский Государственный Университет, БатГУ). In addition, Sülüktü is home to the Sülüktü Engineering and Economics School (Russian: Сулюктинский инженерно-экономический центр Баткенского Государственного Университета) and Sülüktü Pedagogical College (Russian: Сулюктинское педагогическое училище Баткенского Государственного Университета), both of which are branches of the BSU.
Sülüktü is also home to Vocational School No. 73 which trains
Culture
There are two libraries in Sülüktü, a general library and a children's library. Both of these libraries are public libraries. The children's library has two buildings, one in the town itself and another in the urban-type settlement of Vostochny. While the general library has 55,138 items, the children's library has 88,016 items.[13]
The town has a children's music school which was opened in 1936. At the music school, children can learn to sing, dance, and play various musical instruments. There is a branch of the music school in Vostochny.
Sülüktü has only one park. Near the park is a soccer stadium which can hold up to 5,000 people. Sülüktü also has a town recreation center. The current building of the center was built in 1932.
There is a summer camp called "The Mountain Eagle" 35 kilometers from Sülüktü in the gorge of the Beles mountain massif. The camp was opened in 1965. It was rehabilitated in 2004. The camp can serve up to 500 children in one cohort.
Transportation
There was a
References
- ^ a b c d "Population of regions, districts, towns, urban-type settlements, rural communities and villages of Kyrgyz Republic" (XLS) (in Russian). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. 2021. Archived from the original on 10 November 2021.
- ^ "Sulukta". SPR (in Russian). Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- ^ a b Сулюкта in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969–1978 (in Russian)
- ^ "Classification system of territorial units of the Kyrgyz Republic" (in Kyrgyz). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. May 2021. p. 46.
- ^ a b c "2009 population and housing census of the Kyrgyz Republic: Batken Region" (PDF) (in Russian). National Statistics Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. 2010. pp. 14, 17, 49.
- ^ Aminov, Sayitmamat (1998). A. Sultanov (ed.). Кылым сырын каткан шаар [The Town with a Century's Secret] (in Kyrgyz). Osh: Osh District Printing House. p. 12.
- ^ "Average high/low temperature for Sulyukta, Kyrgyzstan". World Weather Online. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
- ^ a b Zufarov, Komiljon, ed. (1978). "Sulukta". Oʻzbek sovet ensiklopediyasi (in Uzbek). Vol. 10. Toshkent. p. 412.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Abduzakir Ibragimov elected the mayor of Sulukta". AKIpress. 28 January 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
- ^ "Kyrgyzstan: Widening Ethnic Divisions in the South" (PDF). International Crisis Group. Brussels. 29 April 2012. Archived from the original (Report) on 24 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
- ^ "Uzbeks of Kyrgyzstan complain of discrimination and corruption". Eurasianet (in Russian). 30 January 2006. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
- ^ "Official Website" (in Russian). Sulukta Institute of Humanities and Economics. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- ^ "Sulukta: City Profile". The Association of Municipalities of the Kyrgyz Republic. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
External links
- City 36-53: Informal site of Sulukta (in Russian)
- A map of Sülüktü, MSN
- Profile of Sülüktü, The Association of Municipalities of the Kyrgyz Republic (in Russian)
- Forgotten Towns: Sulukta — The Town of Miners, RFE/RL (in Russian)
- Sulukta, SPR (in Russian)
Gallery
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A Ferris wheel in the main park of Sülüktü
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The Community Recreation Center of Sülüktü
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A Soviet workshop building in Vostochny
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Unfinished Soviet apartment buildings in Vostochny
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The view from the steep hill in the western part of Sülüktü
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Winter in Sülüktü