Seitsemän veljestä

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"Seven Brothers" redirects here. For other uses, see Seven Brothers (disambiguation).
Seitsemän veljestä
The first words of the novel in Finnish
AuthorAleksis Kivi
TranslatorAlex Matson, Richard Impola, Douglas Robinson
CountryFinland
LanguageFinnish
Publication date
February 2, 1870[1]

Seitsemän veljestä (Finnish pronunciation:

Nordic identity."[6]

Kivi began writing the work in the early 1860s and wrote it at least three times, but no manuscript has survived.[7] The work was largely created while Kivi lived in Siuntio's Fanjurkars with Charlotta Lönnqvist.[8] It was first time published in 1870 in four volumes, but the publication of a one-volume novel did not happen until 1873, a year after the author's death.[7]

Reception history

Published in

Akseli Gallén-Kallela (1908), Marcus Collin (1948), Matti Visanti (1950) and Erkki Tanttu (1961).[13]

The young and unruly seven brothers depicted in a 1970 postage stamp

The novel was particularly reviled by the literary circles of Kivi's time, who disliked the unflattering image of Finns it presented. The title characters were seen as crude

Fennoman politician Agathon Meurman, who, among other things, said the book was "a hellish lie about Finnish peasants" and stated that "Mr. Kivi regards the printing press as his poetic rectum."[5]

Literary scholar Markku Eskelinen considers Seitsemän veljestä to be very exceptional compared to his time of birth and the state of Finnish

religious literature at the time, its attitude to religious authority is not submissive, unlike other prose literature of the time. In Eskelinen's opinion, Finnish-language prose works comparable to the richness and multilevelness of Kivi's work began to appear only in the next century.[17]

The heads of seven brothers in the coat of arms of Nurmijärvi

The novel is referred to in the coat of arms of the Nurmijärvi municipality, the birthplace of Kivi. The explanation of the coat of arms is “in the blue field, the heads of seven young golden-haired young men set 2+3+2.” The coat of arms was designed by Olof Eriksson in accordance with the idea proposed by B. Harald Hellström, and was approved by the Nurmijärvi Municipal Council at its meeting on December 18, 1953. The coat of arms was approved for use by the Ministry of the Interior on April 14, 1954.[18][19]

Characters

Jukola brothers

  • Juhani – at 25 years old the oldest brother. The leader of the group and also the most stubborn.
  • Tuomas – scrupulous, strong as a bull, although Juhani claims to be the strongest brother.
  • Aapo – twin-brother of Tuomas. Logical and peaceful.
  • Simeoni –
    religious
    brother.
  • Lauri – the most solemn brother, friend of nature and a loner.
  • Timo – twin-brother of Lauri; simple and earnest.
  • Eero – at 18 years old he is the youngest brother. Intelligent, clever, quarrelsome when confronted by Juhani.

Other

  • Venla, a neighbor girl wooed by five of the seven brothers

Plot summary

At first, the brothers are not a particularly peaceful lot and end up quarreling with the local

adulthood
—and the right to marry—they decide to run away.

Knight and the Snake King, Illustration for Seitsemän veljestä by Akseli Gallen-Kallela, 1907
The Seven Brothers on top of a Boulder by Antti Favén [fi] in 1910

Eventually they end up moving to distant Impivaara in the middle of relative wilderness, but their first efforts are shoddy—one Christmas Eve they end up burning down their sauna. The next spring they try again, but are forced to kill a nearby lord's herd of bulls and pay them back with wheat. Ten years of hard work clearing the forest for fields, hard drinking—and Simeoni's apocalyptic visions from delirium tremens—eventually lead them to mend their ways. They learn to read on their own and eventually return to Jukola.

In the end, most of them become pillars of the community and family men. Still, the tone of the tale is not particularly moralistic. Symbolically, the brothers represent the Finnish-speaking people and culture in the midst of external forces that force them to change.[20]

Adaptations

The Finnish National Theatre made the first stage version of the novel in 1898.[21]

The first film version was by Wilho Ilmari [fi] in 1939.[21]

Armas Launis composed the first Finnish comic opera based on the novel in 1913.[21]

The novel was adapted into a children's picture book with all the characters being changed into dogs or birds, which was named "The Seven Dog Brothers: Being a Doggerel Version of The Seven Brothers, Aleksis Kivi's Classic Novel from 1870".[22] The book was published in 2002 and is credited to Mauri Kunnas, a Finnish children's author, and Tarja Kunnas. Mr. Clutterbuck from "Goodnight, Mr. Clutterbuck" also by Mauri Kunnas makes an appearance in the story.[23]

In 1989 a TV series Seitsemän veljestä [fi] was directed by Jouko Turkka. The series caused wide controversy because of its portrayal of the brothers.[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ Seitsemän veljestä 150 juhlavuosi – Nurmijärvi (in Finnish)
  2. ^ Aleksis Kivi: The Brothers Seven ('Seitsemän veljestä'), translated by Douglas Robinson (2017, Zeta Books)
  3. ^ a b Aleksis Kivi - Kansalliskirjailija (in Finnish)
  4. ^ See e.g. Aarne Kinnunen, Tuli, aurinko ja seitsemän veljestä: Tutkimus Aleksis Kiven romaanista (“Wind, Sun, and Seven Brothers: A Study of AK’s Novel”), p. 8. Porvoo and Helsinki: WSOY, 1973.
  5. ^ a b "Aleksis Kiven valtava klassikko sai ilmestyessään poikkeuksellisen teilauksen: "Poeettinen peräsuoli"". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). 6 October 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  6. ^ Enfield, Lizzie (September 8, 2021). "Seven Brothers: The book that shaped a Nordic identity". BBC. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Teokset". Aleksis Kivi - kansalliskirjailija. Archived from the original on April 18, 2016. Retrieved February 24, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  8. ^ Fanjunkarsin historia (in Finnish)
  9. ^ Aleksis Kivi, Seven Brothers. 1st edition, New York: Coward-McCann, 1929. 2nd edition, Helsinki: Tammi, 1952. 3rd edition, edited by Irma Rantavaara, Helsinki: Tammi, 1973. Note that Matson wrote his first name with the period ("Alex.") to indicate that it was a short form.
  10. ^ Aleksis Kivi, Seven Brothers. New Paltz, NY: Finnish-American Translators Association, 1991.
  11. ^ Aleksis Kivi, The Brothers Seven. Bucharest: Zeta Books, 2017
  12. ^ Aleksis Kivi, the national author – web portal. See also Douglas Robinson, Aleksis Kivi and/as World Literature (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2017).
  13. ^ Otavan iso tietosanakirja, osa 4. Helsinki: Otava, 1962. (in Finnish)
  14. ^ Liukkonen, Petri. "Aleksis Kivi". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 28 August 2005.
  15. YLE
    (in Finnish). Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  16. ^ "Finsk litteratur VII". Finlands Allmänna Tidning (in Swedish). No. 116. May 21, 1870. pp. 2–3.
  17. ^ Markku Eskelinen (2016). Raukoilla rajoilla. Suomenkielisen proosakirjallisuuden historiaa (in Finnish). Siltala. pp. 70–72.
  18. ISBN 951-773-085-3
    .
  19. ^ "Sisäasiainministeriön vahvistamat kaupunkien, kauppaloiden ja kuntien vaakunat 1949-1995 I:11 Nurmijärvi". Kansallisarkiston digitaaliarkisto (in Finnish). Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  20. ^ "Aleksis Kivi: Seitsemän veljestä". Jyväskylän yliopisto. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  21. ^ a b c Seitsemän veljeksen tulkintoja ("Interpretations of the Seven Brothers")
  22. ^ Link text,
  23. ISBN 9780914671763
    – via Google Books.
  24. YLE
    . Retrieved April 1, 2021.

External links

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