Shenmue (video game)
Shenmue | |
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Shenmue
After developing several successful Sega
Despite sales of 1.2 million, Shenmue did not recoup its development cost and was a commercial failure. It received positive reviews for its graphics, soundtrack and ambition, though its slow pace and emphasis on mundane detail divided players. It attracted a cult following, appeared in several lists of the greatest video games of all time, and is credited for pioneering game mechanics such as quick time events and open worlds. Later appraisal has been mixed, with criticism for its controls, pace and voice acting.
After the release of Shenmue II, further
Gameplay
The player controls the teenage martial artist Ryo Hazuki as he investigates his father's murder in
Shenmue features a
Edge described Shenmue as "a game of middle management, often composed of the unglamorous daily grinds—being home for bedtime, wisely spending money earned from a day job, or training combat moves through lonely practice—that other games bypass".[10]
Plot
In Yokosuka, Japan, 1986, the teenage martial arts student Ryo Hazuki returns to his family dojo to witness a confrontation between his father, Iwao, and a Chinese man, Lan Di. Lan Di easily incapacitates Ryo, and threatens to kill him unless Iwao gives him a mysterious stone artifact, the dragon mirror. Iwao tells him the mirror is buried under the cherry blossom tree outside. As his men recover the mirror, Lan Di mentions a man he claims Iwao killed in China. He delivers a finishing blow and Iwao dies in Ryo's arms.
Ryo swears revenge on Lan Di and asks locals for information. As he is about to run out of leads, a letter addressed to Ryo's father arrives from a Chinese man, Zhu Yuanda, suggesting he seek the aid of Master Chen, who works at Yokosuka Harbor. Through Chen and his son Guizhang, Ryo learns that the mirror taken by Lan Di is one of two. He locates the second, the phoenix mirror, in a hidden basement beneath the family dojo.
Chen reveals that Lan Di has left Japan for Hong Kong. Ryo borrows money to buy a boat ticket from a disreputable travel agency. When he goes to collect the ticket, he is ambushed by Chai, a member of Lan Di's criminal organization, the Chi You Men, who destroys his ticket. Ryo learns that the Chi You Men is connected to the local harbor gang, the Mad Angels, and takes a job at the harbor as a forklift driver to investigate. After he causes trouble, the Mad Angels kidnap his schoolfriend Nozomi. Ryo rescues her and makes a deal with the Mad Angels leader to beat up Guizhang in exchange for a meeting with Lan Di. Ryo realizes the deal is a trap and teams up with Guizhang to defeat the Mad Angels.
Ryo arranges to take a boat to Hong Kong with Guizhang. On the day of departure, they are attacked by Chai. Ryo defeats him, but Guizhang is injured and urges Ryo to go without him, saying he will meet him in China later. Chen advises Ryo to seek the help of a martial artist in Hong Kong named Lishao Tao. Ryo boards the boat and leaves for Hong Kong.
Development
Shenmue was created by
To test camera, combat and conversation systems, he and Sega AM2 built a prototype Sega Saturn game, The Old Man and the Peach Tree, about a young man, Taro, seeking a martial arts grandmaster in 1950s Luoyang, China.[8] Taro brings an old man a peach in exchange for information about the grandmaster; at the end of the game, the man skilfully skips stones across water to hunt fish, revealing that he is the grandmaster.[11]
In 1996, AM2 began developing a 3D Saturn RPG with the working title Guppy.
In 1997, development moved to Sega's upcoming console, the
In 1999, AM2 focused on fixing bugs, finding hundreds each day. At the time, there were no bug-tracking systems, so the team tracked bugs with Excel spreadsheets; at one point, they had tracked over 10,000 unresolved bugs.[11] On one occasion, several non-player characters became trapped in the convenience store where they had gone as part of their scripted routines; Suzuki's solution was to widen the store's door.[8] The product placement of the Coca-Cola and Timex brands also created problems, as the companies had strict specifications for their implementation.[11] Suzuki said the biggest challenge was management, with over 300 staff and no experience of large projects.[11]
According to the localizer Jeremy Blaustein, Shenmue's English localization was fraught with problems exacerbated by the project's scale. At Suzuki's insistence, the English voices were recorded in Japan, which greatly restricted the casting; Blaustein said "we hired basically every single [English-speaking] person that exists [in Japan] and calls themselves a voice actor".[21] The scripts were translated by several people, creating consistency problems, and arrived late, leaving no time for rewrites or proper direction.[21]
Shenmue became the most expensive game ever developed at the time, reported to have cost Sega $70 million. In 2011, Suzuki said the figure was closer to $47 million including marketing.[5] Development also covered some of Shenmue II (2001), which was completed for a smaller amount,[22] and groundwork for future Shenmue games.[23]
Promotion and release
On November 27, 1998, Sega released the Dreamcast in Japan. The
Sega announced a Japanese release date of April 1999,[25] which was delayed to August 5.[25] At the Tokyo Game Show in March 1999, Sega announced that Shenmue would span multiple games and allowed the public to play it for the first time. At a Japanese consumer show on May 3, 1999, Sega demonstrated the facial animation and announced that non-player characters would have their own daily routines. Later that month, Sega showed Shenmue in America for the first time at the 1999 Game Developer's Conference. It was playable the following week at the E3 trade fair in Los Angeles.[14]
At a Japanese consumer conference on June 1, 1999, Sega announced a Shenmue promotion to coincide with a Dreamcast price drop. Sega distributed a limited-edition video, What's Shenmue, with Dreamcast consoles and games, and a playable demo from August 1.[14] The "spoof" demo has Ryo search a small area of Yokosuka for Sega then-managing director Hidekazu Yukawa.[26] Sega also announced that Shenmue had been delayed to October 28, 1999.[27] On June 22, Sega announced a "Shenmue Subway Tour", showing playable demos at Japanese train stations that August.[14] NHK spent six months with the development team and broadcast a making-of documentary about the game before its release.[6]
At the end of September, Sega announced a release date for early 2000,[28] before moving it ahead to the final week of 1999.[29] Sega released Shenmue on December 29, 1999, in Japan,[30] November 7, 2000, in North America,[31][32] and December 1, 2000, in Europe.[33]
Sales
Shenmue sold 260,000 copies in its first week of release in Japan.
The Shenmue localizer,
Critical reception
Aggregator | Score |
---|---|
Official Dreamcast Magazine (US) | 10/10[60] |
Publication | Award |
---|---|
Japan Media Arts Festival | Excellence Prize for Interactive Art[63] |
5th Animation Kobe | Packaged Work Award |
Edge | Graphical Achievement[64] |
4th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards | Console Innovation[65] |
Shenmue holds an average aggregate score of 89% on GameRankings.[41] Critics praised its graphics, realism, soundtrack and ambition. IGN called it "a gaming experience that no one, casual to hardcore gamer, can miss",[57] and Eurogamer called it "one of the most compelling and unusual gaming experiences ever created".[66] GameSpot wrote that though Shenmue is "far from perfect" it was "revolutionary" and "worth experiencing—provided you have the time to invest".[67] Edge initially called the Japanese version a "landmark";[68] they later said the English version was not the "milestone" they had hoped for, but was "involving, and ultimately rewarding".[7]
Ed Lomas of the UK Official Dreamcast Magazine said the production values were "astounding ... [Shenmue] is the most beautiful game ever made, no doubt about it." Though he acknowledged problems with controls, dated QTEs, script and voice acting, he felt the experience as a whole was "incredible", particularly its immersion and the freedom to pursue the story at the player's pace.[62] Jeff Lundrigan of Next Generation wrote: "Everyone on Earth owes it to themselves to play this. Some will enjoy it more than others, but no one will fail to recognize its magnificent production values and depth of design."[59]
Several reviews criticized the invisible walls, abundance of cutscenes, English voice acting, and inability to progress without waiting for scheduled events.[23][57][69] GameSpot wrote that by "the time you're driving forklifts and participating in the game's QTE-filled conclusion, hours upon hours of boredom will have taken their toll".[67] Game Informer criticized the lack of action, writing: "Determining your character's next move requires little more than talking to someone, who will then tell you who to see or where to go ... all that's left is a guy walking around an amazingly detailed environment. If I wanted to experience that, I could see it in another game with proven endless entertainment value. It's called life."[50]
Awards
Shenmue received the Excellence Prize for "Interactive Art" at the 2000 Japan Media Arts Festival.[63] Edge awarded awarded it for "Graphical Achievement", writing that Suzuki's "experiment in creating what is a complete, populated virtual world in which a game occurs proves to be a mighty success, particularly the "breathtaking" level of detail of the character models, and that never had there been "such a convincing representation of real life" in a video game.[64] GameSpot named Shenmue the most disappointing console game of 2000, but awarded it the prize for "Best Graphics, Technical" for a console game, and nominated it for "Best Adventure Game", "Best Sound", and "Best Graphics, Artistic".[70] During the 4th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards in March 2001, Shenmue received the "Console Innovation" award, along with nominations for "Game of the Year", "Console Game of the Year", "Character or Story Development", and "Game Design".[71]
Retrospective
In 2009, the IGN Xbox editor Hilary Goldstein praised Shenmue for its "great ideas", but said it was "ultimately uninteresting". IGN Nintendo's Matt Casamassina felt it was "more of a technical demo than a coherent game".[72] However, IGN UK's Martin Robinson described it as "a deeply personal game" that "opened my eyes to a whole new world for video games, suggesting that they didn't have to be about shooting aliens in the face, rescuing the princess or slaying orcs for hours on end—they could be about real people in a real place ... it's the mundane moments that gave Shenmue its poetry."[72]
If the Grand Theft Auto games have been vilified as crime simulators in which you can press a button to buy a hooker then run a hooker over with a car, Shenmue is a game where you can press a button to politely ask directions, then combo into cherishing your elders and always remembering to recycle. Instead of giving us a city to be tested and battered against in all directions, Shenmue builds you a world and asks you to follow the rules rather than break them.[73]
Brendan Main, The Escapist, December 21, 2010
In 2011, Empire wrote that "the digital environment created by Shenmue was revolutionary at the time ... Even by today's standards, its rich and affectionate vision of urban Japan is inspiring."[74] In his 2010 book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die, David McCarthy wrote of Shenmue's "paradigmatic impact on the entire video game industry". According to McCarthy, while it appears "crude and blocky" compared to modern games, Shenmue "recreated the real world with ... attention to detail that has never been rivaled".[75] In a 2014 retrospective, Edge wrote that "some were entranced by the game's abounding atmosphere and visual detail. Others left frozen by clumpy interaction with an unthreatening, almost rustic world ... where they'd wander the districts of Yokosuka while asking unusual questions to pensioners and hairdressers."[10] In the same year, The Guardian wrote: "[Shenmue's] pacing might be glacial compared to the rollercoaster tempo of Uncharted, but slowing things down allows for a greater appreciation of everything that Suzuki and Sega's AM2 department achieved here ... how everything is held together remains quite exquisite, under the closest scrutiny, even by 2014 standards."[76]
Reviews of the HD ports of Shenmue in 2018 were less positive.
Shenmue attracted a cult following. Fans visit Dobuita Street in Yokosuka, where most of the game is set.[80] It has been included in several lists of the greatest games of all time. In 2007, Edge named it the 50th-greatest game,[81] and in 2008 it was voted the 25th-greatest in Game's reader poll of more than 100,000 votes.[82] In 2006 and 2008, IGN readers voted Shenmue the 81st-greatest game.[83] In April 2011, Empire ranked it the 42nd-best game.[74] In April 2013, Den of Geek ranked Shenmue and Shenmue II the joint-best Dreamcast games.[84] In September 2013, readers of the German games magazine M! Games voted Shenmue the best game of all time.[85] In October 2013, MSN UK named it one of the 20 best games of all time.[86] In 2014, Shenmue was named the 71st-best game ever by Slant Magazine[87] and the seventh by Empire.[88]
Influence
Shenmue is credited for pioneering several game technologies.
Sequels
Suzuki plans Shenmue to cover at least four games.
In September 2011, Suzuki left Sega to focus on his development studio Ys Net.
Port
A remake of Shenmue and Shenmue II, featuring new models, textures and lighting, was canceled in 2017 due to technical problems.[103] On August 21, 2018, Sega released high-definition ports of Shenmue and Shenmue II for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One.[104] The ports were developed by the British studio D3T,[105] and include new graphics and control options, improved user interfaces, and Japanese and English voices.[106] Some details, such as product placement, were omitted, and cutscenes were presented in their original aspect ratio due to technical limitations.[107]
The ports were released in Japan on November 22, 2018, and debuted at number four on the Japanese charts with 37,529 retail sales on PlayStation 4.
Other media
Sega released a soundtrack album, Shenmue Orchestra Version, on April 1, 1999, before the game's release.[111] A two-disc soundtrack album, Shenmue OST Chapter 1: Yokosuka, was released on March 23, 2000.[112] A compilation film of Shenmue's cutscenes, Shenmue: The Movie, was released theatrically in Japan in 2001 and packaged with the Xbox version of Shenmue II.[113][114] An anime adaptation of Shenmue premiered on February 6, 2022.[115]
Notes
- ^ Shenmue (シェンムー 一章 横須賀, Shenmū Isshō: Yokosuka, "Shenmue Chapter 1: Yokosuka") in Japanese, pronounced [ɕe̞ɴ.mɯ̟ᵝː]; approximately /ˈʃɛn.muː/, "shen-moo"
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- ^ "Shenmue: The Movie DVD". Archived from the original on January 2, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2015.
- ^ Diaz, Ana (January 19, 2022). "Shenmue gets new anime on Crunchyroll and Adult Swim". Polygon. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
External links
- "Official website". Archived from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- Shenmue at Mobygames