Soyuz 14

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This article is about a 1974 spaceflight. For the mission identified by NASA as ISS Soyuz 14, see Soyuz TMA-10.

Soyuz 14
Mission typeDocking with Salyut 3
OperatorSoviet space program
COSPAR ID1974-051A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.07361
Mission duration15 days 17 hours 30 minutes 28 seconds
Orbits completed255
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftSoyuz 7K-T No.3
Spacecraft typeSoyuz 7K-T/A9
ManufacturerExperimental Design Bureau (OKB-1)
Launch mass6570 kg[1]
Landing mass1200 kg
Crew
Crew size2
MembersPavel Popovich
Yuri Artyukhin
CallsignБеркут (Berkut - "Golden Eagle")
Start of mission
Launch date3 July 1974, 18:51:08 UTC
Rocket
Site 1/5[2]
End of mission
Landing date19 July 1974, 12:21:36 UTC
Landing site140 km at the southeast of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit[3]
RegimeLow Earth orbit
Perigee altitude250.0 km
Apogee altitude277.0 km
Inclination51.60°
Period89.70 minutes
Docking with Salyut 3
Docking date3 July 1974
Undocking date19 July 1974
Time docked15 days 17 hours

Vimpel Diamond for entrainment patch  

Soyuz 14 (Russian: Союз 14, Union 14) was a July, 1974, crewed spaceflight to the Salyut 3 space station. Soyuz 14 is also the name given to the Soyuz spacecraft which was used to bring the cosmonauts to and from the station. The mission was part of the Soviet Union's Almaz program to evaluate the military applications of crew spaceflight. The mission's crew members were cosmonauts Pavel Popovich and Yuri Artyukhin. At the time, the military nature of this mission and the station itself were not acknowledged by Soviet authorities.

The flight was the first successful mission to a space station by the Soviets.

STS 1, the first Space Shuttle flight, save for the joint Apollo–Soyuz flight of 1975.[5]

Crew

Position Cosmonaut
Commander Pavel Popovich
Second and last spaceflight
Flight Engineer Yuri Artyukhin
Only spaceflight

Backup crew

Position Cosmonaut
Commander Gennady Sarafanov
Flight Engineer Lev Dyomin

Reserve crew

Position Cosmonaut
Commander Boris Volynov
Flight Engineer Vitaly Zholobov

Mission parameters

Mission highlights

With the

solar activity raised safety issues, but it was decided radiation levels were within safe limits, so the flight continued.[5]

Experiments were described by the Soviets, but analysts presumed that much time was taken up with unreported

lung capacity and inhalation/exhalation rates and the testing of a water purification system which condensed moisture from the station's atmosphere.[5]

The cosmonauts exercised for two hours each day to counter the effects of weightlessness. Because of this, they were able to climb from their Soyuz descent module without assistance when their flight ended on 19 July 1974. The crew left enough supplies on Salyut 3 to last the next crew at least six months.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b "Display: Soyuz 14 1974-051A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ "Baikonur LC1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  3. ^ a b "Trajectory: Soyuz 14 1974-051A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^
    ISBN 0-87201-848-2
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 0-517-56954-X
    .
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