{{Distinguish|Sundanese people}}{{Infobox place demographics|place=[[Sudan]]|image=File:Sudan single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Sudan in 2020|size_of_population=47,958,856 (2022 est.)|nation=Sudanese|official=Arabic, English|age_0–14_years=42.01%|age_65_years=3.03%|growth=2.55% (2022 est.)|birth=33.47 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)|death=6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)|net_migration=-1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)|infant_mortality=42.27 deaths/1,000 live births|life=67.12 years|fertility=4.6 children born/woman (2022 est.)}}The '''demographics of Sudan''' include the Sudanese people ({{lang-ar|سودانيون}}) and their characteristics, [[Sudan]], including population density, [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
{{Distinguish|Sundanese people}}{{Infobox place demographics|place=[[Sudan]]|image=File:Sudan single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Sudan in 2020|size_of_population=50,467,278 (2024 est.)|nation=Sudanese|official=Arabic, English|age_0–14_years=42.01%|age_65_years=3.03%|growth=2.55% (2022 est.)|birth=33.47 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)|death=6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)|net_migration=-1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)|infant_mortality=42.27 deaths/1,000 live births|life=67.12 years|fertility=4.6 children born/woman (2022 est.)}}The '''demographics of Sudan''' include the Sudanese people ({{lang-ar|سودانيون}}) and their characteristics, [[Sudan]], including population density, [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
[[File:Sudan Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg|thumb|350px|[[Population]], [[fertility rate]] and [[net reproduction rate]], United Nations estimates]]
[[File:Sudan Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg|thumb|350px|[[Population]], [[fertility rate]] and [[net reproduction rate]], United Nations estimates]]
In Sudan's 1993 census, the population was calculated at 30 million. No comprehensive census has been carried out since that time due to the [[Second Sudanese Civil War]]. Estimates of Sudan, including the population of [[South Sudan]], ranged from 37 million (United Nations) to 45 million (CIA). Since the secession of South Sudan in July 2011, the current population of Sudan is estimated to be about {{#expr:{{replace|{{UN_Population|Sudan}}|,||}}/1e6 round 0}} million.{{UN_Population|ref}} The population of metropolitan [[Khartoum]] (including Khartoum, [[Omdurman]], and Khartoum North) is growing rapidly and ranges from six to seven million, including around two million displaced persons from the southern war zone, as well as western and eastern drought-affected areas.
In Sudan's 1993 census, the population was calculated at 30 million. No comprehensive census has been carried out since that time due to the [[Second Sudanese Civil War]]. Estimates of Sudan, including the population of [[South Sudan]], ranged from 37 million (United Nations) to 45 million (CIA). Since the secession of South Sudan in July 2011, the current population of Sudan is estimated to be about {{#expr:{{replace|{{UN_Population|Sudan}}|,||}}/1e6 round 0}} million.{{UN_Population|ref}} The population of metropolitan [[Khartoum]] (including Khartoum, [[Omdurman]], and Khartoum North) is growing rapidly and ranges from six to seven million, including around two million displaced persons from the southern war zone, as well as western and eastern drought-affected areas.
Revision as of 06:33, 17 May 2024
Demographics of the country
Not to be confused with
ethnicity
, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
In Sudan's 1993 census, the population was calculated at 30 million. No comprehensive census has been carried out since that time due to the Second Sudanese Civil War. Estimates of Sudan, including the population of South Sudan, ranged from 37 million (United Nations) to 45 million (CIA). Since the secession of South Sudan in July 2011, the current population of Sudan is estimated to be about 46 million.[1][2] The population of metropolitan Khartoum (including Khartoum, Omdurman, and Khartoum North) is growing rapidly and ranges from six to seven million, including around two million displaced persons from the southern war zone, as well as western and eastern drought-affected areas.
Population overview
The majority of the population in Sudan are the indigenous Nubian inhabitants of the
Baggara and other Darfurians, both who speak Chadian Arabic.[5] Sudanese Arabs of northern and eastern parts descend primarily from migrants from the Arabian Peninsula. Additionally, a few pre-Islamic Arabian tribes existed in Sudan from earlier migrations into the region from Western Arabia, although most Arabs in Sudan are dated from migrations after the 12th century.[6] The vast majority of Arab tribes in Sudan migrated into the Sudan in the 12th century.[7]
Achieving good counts of the population is difficult in Sudan, because conducting a census has been difficult due to various conflicts and wars in the southern, eastern and western regions of Sudan over the past few decades. The government of
Naivasha Agreement). Another complication is the Southern Sudanese refugees present in the north, whose citizenship in Sudan after the secession of South Sudan is now in question.[8] 250,000 refugees from Syria live in Sudan.[9]
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2016) (Unrevised data.):[10]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
20 105 842
19 541 779
39 647 621
100
0–4
3 506 328
3 377 853
6 884 181
17.36
5–9
2 801 266
2 677 988
5 479 254
13.82
10–14
2 325 624
2 196 472
4 522 096
11.41
15–19
2 073 006
1 952 605
4 025 611
10.15
20–24
1 816 041
1 721 450
3 537 491
8.92
25–29
1 547 613
1 519 393
3 067 006
7.74
30–34
1 295 965
1 329 629
2 625 594
6.62
35–39
1 085 101
1 136 535
2 221 636
5.60
40–44
891 195
949 131
1 840 327
4.64
45–49
732 711
762 251
1 494 962
3.77
50–54
589 400
586 304
1 175 703
2.97
55–59
458 118
441 240
899 359
2.27
60–64
340 396
314 518
654 915
1.65
65-69
248 570
225 431
474 001
1.20
70-74
170 069
152 437
322 506
0.81
75-79
109 224
97 712
206 936
0.52
80+
115 214
100 828
216 042
0.54
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
8 633 218
8 252 313
16 885 531
42.59
15–64
10 829 547
10 713 058
21 542 605
54.34
65+
643 077
576 408
1 219 485
3.08
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data refer to national projections.):[11]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
20 857 303
20 281 599
41 138 904
100
0–4
2 873 465
2 773 594
5 647 059
13.73
5–9
2 571 562
2 483 977
5 055 532
12.29
10–14
2 304 529
2 216 524
4 521 059
10.99
15–19
2 280 148
2 152 491
4 432 638
10.77
20–24
2 158 344
1 943 776
4 102 116
9.97
25–29
1 821 785
1 665 559
3 487 349
8.48
30–34
1 442 332
1 474 329
2 916 654
7.09
35–39
1 179 849
1 330 120
2 509 965
6.10
40–44
1 000 575
1 110 734
2 111 309
5.13
45–49
855 408
909 671
1 765 081
4.29
50–54
717 995
717 820
1 435 807
3.49
55–59
545 001
511 980
1 056 992
2.57
60–64
404 866
374 598
779 458
1.89
65-69
275 266
247 207
522 480
1.27
70-74
199 364
173 388
372 747
0.91
75-79
125 079
106 375
231 456
0.56
80+
103 574
92 332
195 909
0.48
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
7 749 556
7 474 095
15 223 651
37.01
15–64
12 404 464
12 188 202
24 592 666
59.78
65+
703 283
619 302
1 322 585
3.21
Vital statistics
The vital statistics below do not include South Sudan.
Sudan is a country characterized by its cultural and ethnic diversity. Various ethnic groups contribute to the rich tapestry of Sudanese society. The major ethnic groups in Sudan include Sudanese Arabs, Nubians, Zaghawa, and Beja, among others.
Sudanese Arab speakers form the largest linguistic group in Sudan, comprising approximately 70% of the population.[13] They are predominantly Muslim and speak Arabic.[14] Nubians, another significant ethnic group, have their origins in the Nubia region along the Nile River. They have a distinct cultural heritage and are known for their architectural achievements.[14]
The Zaghawa, also known as Beri or Gimi, are an ethnic group with a presence in Sudan, Chad, and other neighboring countries. They have a pastoralist lifestyle and are known for their cattle herding and camel breeding skills.[14]
Additionally, Sudan is home to diverse ethnic groups such as the Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fula, and Nubian people. These groups have unique cultural expressions, languages, social structures, and religious practices, contributing to the cultural mosaic of Sudan.
It's important to note that Sudan's demographics have undergone changes, particularly with the secession of South Sudan in 2011. South Sudan was home to many sub-Saharan African ethnic groups. As a result, Sudan's ethnic landscape has evolved, and South Sudan became an independent nation.[15]
Chadian Arabic in western region, (mainly spoken by Baggara and various Arabized African tribes).
Nubian language
in far north, (mainly spoken by Nubians of Mahas, Dongola and Halfa).
Beja language known as Bedawit in far east alongside Red sea, (mainly spoken by the Beja people, mainly the Hadandawa, Ababda and Bisharin).
Before 2005, only Arabic was the official language.[16] In the 2005 constitution, Sudan's official languages became Arabic and English:[17]
Article 8:
All indigenous languages of Sudan are national languages and shall be respected, developed and promoted.
Arabic is a widely spoken national language in Sudan.
Arabic, as a major language at the national level and English shall be the official working languages of the national government and the languages of instruction for higher education.
In addition to Arabic and English, the legislature of any sub-national level of government may adopt any other national language as an additional official working language at its level.
There shall be no discrimination against the use of either Arabic or English at any level of government or stage of education.
The working constitution of the post-2019 Revolution
Men praying at the Sidah Sanhory Mosque, in Khartoum
In Sudan, 97% of the population adheres to Islam, with the overwhelming majority being adherents of the
animist and indigenous beliefs or Christianity, especially in Khartoum and in southern regions of the country bordering South Sudan
.
Christians in Sudan which are refugees or immigrants from the south belong to various churches including the
Episcopal Church of Sudan and the recently formed Reformed Episcopal Church. There are significant but long-established groups of Coptic Orthodox and Greek Orthodox
Christians in Khartoum and other northern cities.
There are also Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox communities in Khartoum and eastern Sudan, largely made up of refugees and migrants from the past few decades. Other Christian groups with smaller followings in the country include the Africa Inland Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Sudan Church of Christ, the Sudan Interior Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, the Sudan Pentecostal Church, the Sudan Evangelical Presbyterian Church (in the North).
Religious identity plays a role in the country's political divisions. Northern and western Muslims have dominated the country's political and economic system since independence. The NCP draws much of its support from
Wahhabis and other conservative Arab Muslims in the north. The Umma Party has traditionally attracted Arab followers of the Ansar sect of Sufism as well as non-Arab Muslims from Darfur and Kordofan.[citation needed
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "The World FactBook - Sudan", The World Factbook, 2022
