Solo Man: Difference between revisions

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'''Solo Man''' (''Homo erectus soloensis'') was formerly classified as ''Homo sapiens soloensis'' and is now regarded as a subspecies of the extinct [[hominin]], ''[[Homo erectus]]''. Discovered between 1931 and 1933 by [[Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schwartz|first1=Jeffrey H.|last2=Tattersall|first2=Ian|title=The Human Fossil Record, Craniodental Morphology of Genus Homo (Africa and Asia)|date=2005|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|page=450|isbn=9780471326441}}</ref> the only known specimens of this anomalous hominid were retrieved from sites along the [[Solo River]], on the [[Indonesia]]n island of [[Java (island)|Java]]. The remains are also commonly referred to as '''Ngandong''' (now at Kradenan district, [[Blora Regency]]), after the village near where they were first recovered.
'''Solo Man''' (''Homo erectus soloensis'') was formerly classified as ''Homo sapiens soloensis'' and is now regarded as a subspecies of the extinct [[hominin]], ''[[Homo erectus]]''. Discovered between 1931 and 1933 by [[Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schwartz|first1=Jeffrey H.|last2=Tattersall|first2=Ian|title=The Human Fossil Record, Craniodental Morphology of Genus Homo (Africa and Asia)|date=2005|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|page=450|isbn=9780471326441}}</ref> the only known specimens of this anomalous hominid were retrieved from sites along the [[Solo River]], on the [[Indonesia]]n island of [[Java (island)|Java]]. The remains are also commonly referred to as '''Ngandong''' (now at Kradenan district, [[Blora Regency]]), after the village near where they were first recovered.


Though its morphology was, for the most part, typical of ''Homo erectus'', its culture was unusually advanced.<ref>[http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/asia/ngandong.html Ngandong] (Emuseum@Minnesota State University, Mankato)</ref> This poses many problems to current theories concerning the limitations of ''Homo erectus'' behavior in terms of innovation and language.<ref>Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992</ref> Its cranial capacity ranged between 1013–1251&nbsp;cm³, placing it amongst the larger-brained members of the Homo genus.<ref>http://www.columbia.edu/~rlh2/PartII.pdf</ref>
Though its morphology was, for the most part, typical of ''Homo erectus'', its culture was unusually advanced.<ref>[http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/asia/ngandong.html Ngandong] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208185141/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/asia/ngandong.html |date=2007-02-08 }} (Emuseum@Minnesota State University, Mankato)</ref> This poses many problems to current theories concerning the limitations of ''Homo erectus'' behavior in terms of innovation and language.<ref>Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992</ref> Its cranial capacity ranged between 1013–1251&nbsp;cm³, placing it amongst the larger-brained members of the Homo genus.<ref>http://www.columbia.edu/~rlh2/PartII.pdf</ref>


Due to the tools found with the extinct hominid and many of its more [[Gracility|gracile]] anatomical features, it was first classified as a subspecies (once called '''''Javanthropus''''') of ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' and thought to be the ancestor of modern [[Australian Aborigine|aboriginal Australians]]. However, more rigorous studies have concluded that this is not the case.<ref>Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992</ref> Analysis of 18 crania from [[Sangiran]], [[Trinil]], Sambungmacan, and Ngandong show chronological development from the Bapang-AG to Ngandong periods.<ref>{{Cite journal
Due to the tools found with the extinct hominid and many of its more [[Gracility|gracile]] anatomical features, it was first classified as a subspecies (once called '''''Javanthropus''''') of ''[[Homo sapiens]]'' and thought to be the ancestor of modern [[Australian Aborigine|aboriginal Australians]]. However, more rigorous studies have concluded that this is not the case.<ref>Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992</ref> Analysis of 18 crania from [[Sangiran]], [[Trinil]], Sambungmacan, and Ngandong show chronological development from the Bapang-AG to Ngandong periods.<ref>{{Cite journal
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* [http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Finding_showing_human_ancestor_older_than_previously_thought_offers_new_insights_into_evolution_999.html Finding showing human ancestor older than previously thought offers new insights into evolution]
* [http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Finding_showing_human_ancestor_older_than_previously_thought_offers_new_insights_into_evolution_999.html Finding showing human ancestor older than previously thought offers new insights into evolution]
*[http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/297 Morphology of Solo man] Anthropological papers of the AMNH
*[http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/297 Morphology of Solo man] Anthropological papers of the AMNH
*[http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Indones.html Early Indonesia] ''content excerpted from ''Indonesia: A Country Study, ''William H. Frederick and Robert L. Worden , eds. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, 1992''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927230512/http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Indones.html Early Indonesia] ''content excerpted from ''Indonesia: A Country Study, ''William H. Frederick and Robert L. Worden , eds. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, 1992''
*[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/originals/Weber-Toba/ch5_bottleneck/textr5.htm Human species before and after the genetic bottleneck associated with Toba, including details on the Java finds]
*[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/originals/Weber-Toba/ch5_bottleneck/textr5.htm Human species before and after the genetic bottleneck associated with Toba, including details on the Java finds]
* O. Frank Huffman, John de Vos, Aart W. Berkhout, and Fachroel Aziz (2010) "Provenience Reassessment of the 1931-1933 Ngandong Homo erectus (Java), Confirmation of the Bone-Bed Origin Reported by the Discoverers." [http://www.paleoanthro.org/journal/contents_dynamic.asp?volume=2010 PaleoAnthropology 2010]:1-60
* O. Frank Huffman, John de Vos, Aart W. Berkhout, and Fachroel Aziz (2010) "Provenience Reassessment of the 1931-1933 Ngandong Homo erectus (Java), Confirmation of the Bone-Bed Origin Reported by the Discoverers." [http://www.paleoanthro.org/journal/contents_dynamic.asp?volume=2010 PaleoAnthropology 2010]:1-60

Revision as of 16:32, 11 December 2017

Solo Man
Temporal range: Pleistocene
↓
Cast of Ngandong 13 from the National Museum of Natural History
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Hominidae
Subfamily: Homininae
Tribe: Hominini
Genus: Homo
Species:
H. erectus
Subspecies:
H. e. soloensis
Trinomial name
Homo erectus soloensis
Oppenoorth, 1932

Solo Man (Homo erectus soloensis) was formerly classified as Homo sapiens soloensis and is now regarded as a subspecies of the extinct

Java. The remains are also commonly referred to as Ngandong (now at Kradenan district, Blora Regency
), after the village near where they were first recovered.

Though its morphology was, for the most part, typical of Homo erectus, its culture was unusually advanced.[2] This poses many problems to current theories concerning the limitations of Homo erectus behavior in terms of innovation and language.[3] Its cranial capacity ranged between 1013–1251 cm³, placing it amongst the larger-brained members of the Homo genus.[4]

Due to the tools found with the extinct hominid and many of its more

aboriginal Australians. However, more rigorous studies have concluded that this is not the case.[5] Analysis of 18 crania from Sangiran, Trinil, Sambungmacan, and Ngandong show chronological development from the Bapang-AG to Ngandong periods.[6] H. e. soloensis was re-dated in 2011 to between 550,000 and 143,000 years old.[7]

Notes

  1. ISBN 9780471326441
    .
  2. ^ Ngandong Archived 2007-02-08 at the Wayback Machine (Emuseum@Minnesota State University, Mankato)
  3. ^ Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992
  4. ^ http://www.columbia.edu/~rlh2/PartII.pdf
  5. ^ Peter Brown: Recent human evolution in East Asia and Australasia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Vol. 337, 235-242, 1992
  6. PMID 18635247
    .
  7. ^ Finding showing human ancestor older than previously thought offers new insights into evolution, 5 July 2011.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solo_Man&oldid=814904820"