Stachys
Stachys | |
---|---|
Stachys sylvatica | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Lamiaceae |
Subfamily: | Lamioideae |
Genus: | Stachys L.[1] |
Type species | |
Stachys sylvatica | |
Species | |
About 360; see text | |
Synonyms[2] | |
|
Stachys is a genus of plants, one of the largest in the mint family Lamiaceae.[3] Estimates of the number of species vary from about 300,[3] to about 450.[4] Stachys is in the subfamily Lamioideae[3] and its type species is Stachys sylvatica.[5] The precise extent of the genus and its relationship to other genera in the subfamily are poorly known.
Range and naming
The
Stachys was
Human uses
The
Use by other species
Stachys species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the moths Coleophora auricella, C. lineolea, and C. wockeella, all recorded on S. officinalis. They are also widely used by the European wool carder bee (Anthidium manicatum), which scrape the hairs from the plant in order to use them for building their nests.[9]
Description
Stachys is a
Circumscription
The distinction between Stachys and other genera is unclear and has varied from one author to another. In 2002, a
Fossil record
†Stachys pliocenica fossil seeds are known from Upper Miocene strata of Bulgaria and Pliocene strata of south-eastern Belarus. The fossil seeds are similar to the seeds of Stachys cretica.[11]
Diversity
Selected species include:[12]
- Bunge– Chinese artichoke
- Stachys ajugoides Benth. – bugle hedgenettle
- Stachys alabamica B.R.Keener & L.J.Davenp. – Alabama hedgenettle
- Stachys albens A.Gray – white hedgenettle, whitestem hedgenettle
- Stachys albicaulis Lindl.
- Stachys alpina L. – alpine woundwort
- Stachys annua (L.) L. – annual woundwort
- Stachys arvensis L. – staggerweed, field woundwort
- Stachys bullata Benth.
- Stachys byzantina K.Koch – woolly betony, lamb's ear
- Stachys candida Bory & Chaub.
- Stachys chamissonis Benth. – great hedge nettle, coastal hedge nettle
- Stachys chamissonis var. cooleyae (A.Heller) G.A.Mulligan & D.B.Munro – Cooley's hedge nettle
- Stachys chrysantha Boiss. & Heldr.
- Stachys citrina Benth.
- Stachys clingmanii Small – Clingman's hedge nettle
- Stachys coccinea Ortega
- Stachys corsica Pers.
- Stachys cretica L.
- Stachys debilis Kunth
- Stachys ehrenbergii Boiss.
- Stachys floridana Benth. – Florida hedgenettle, Florida betony
- Stachys germanica L. – downy woundwort
- Stachys glutinosa L.
- Stachys hispida Pursh – rough hedge-nettle
- Stachys hyssopifolia Michx.
- Stachys iva Griseb.
- Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl
- Stachys libanotica Benth.
- Stachys manantlanensis B.L.Turner
- Stachys mexicana Benth. – Mexican hedge nettle
- Stachys milanii Magnier
- Stachys nelsonii B.R.Keener & L.J.Davenp. – Nelson's hedgenettle
- Stachys palustris L. – marsh woundwort, marsh hedge-nettle
- Stachys pumila Banks & Sol.
- Stachys pycnantha Benth.
- Stachys recta L. – yellow woundwort
- Stachys riederi Cham.
- Stachys rigida Benth. – rough hedgenettle
- Stachys sprucei Briq.
- Stachys stricta Greene
- Stachys sylvatica L. – hedge woundwort
- Stachys tenuifolia Willd. – smooth hedgenettle
Formerly placed here
- Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze (as S. foeniculum Pursh)
- Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (as S. artemisia Lour.)
- Stachys monieri (Gouan) P.W.Ball, now in the synonymy of Betonica officinalis
- Betonica macrantha K.Koch (as S. macrantha (K.Koch) Stearn)
- Betonica officinalis L. (as S. officinalis (L.) Trevis.)
References
- ^ "Genus: Stachys L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-11-03. Archived from the original on 2010-05-29. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ ISBN 978-3-540-40593-1
- ^ a b Mabberley, D. J. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK.
- Regnum Vegetabile(see External links below).
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Stachys". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ Carolus Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum 2:580. Laurentii Salvii. (see External Links below).
- ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8(set). (see External links below).
- .
- ^ Lindqvist, C. and V. A. Albert. 2002. Origin of the Hawaiian endemic mints within North American Stachys (Lamiaceae). American Journal of Botany 89(10), 1709–24.
- ^ The Pliocene flora of Kholmech, south-eastern Belarus and its correlation with other Pliocene floras of Europe by Felix Yu. Velichkevich and Ewa Zastawniak - Acta Palaeobot. 43(2): 137–259, 2003
- ^ "Stachys L." Plants Of the World Online. Kew Science. Retrieved 2021-03-31.