Sudanese in the United Kingdom

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Sudanese in the United Kingdom
Total population
Sudanese-born residents
10,671 (2001 UK Census)
18,381 (2011 Censuses for England & Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland combined)
Regions with significant populations
Coptic)
Related ethnic groups
British Egyptians, Sudanese Australians, Sudanese Americans, British Eritreans, British Ethiopians, British Somalis
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Sudanese in the United Kingdom (also British Sudanese)

academics, and more recently have included asylum seekers fleeing Sudan's second civil war. Sudanese people live in many of the UK's largest cities and towns.[2]

History and settlement

Sudanese granted asylum or exceptional leave in the UK by year[3]
Granted Refused
1989 45 5
1990 15 5
1991 15 10
1992 265 125
1993 1,400 75
1994 50 145
1995 15 60
1996 65 95
1997 75 205
1998 55 65
1999 45 50
2000 180 395
2001 175 595
2002 110 455
2003 155 595
2004 160 1,305
2005 90 900
2006 70 510
2007 80 305

The Sudanese community in the UK is most likely the oldest in the

developed world. Despite two civil wars and the war in Darfur, which decimated the Sudanese population by several million,[4] the earliest immigrants from Sudan to the UK were not asylum seekers, but mostly professionals, business people and academics.[2] This migration trend lasted until the late 1980s when the Sudanese government was ousted by a military coup led by Omar al-Bashir, who soon claimed presidency over Sudan.[4]

The nature of Sudanese migration to the UK changed dramatically and has continued through to the 21st century, when several violent struggles between the Janjaweed militia and numerous rebel groups displaced millions of people, and despite an improving economy in Sudan there remains considerable civil and political unrest in the North African nation.[4] Thousands of these displaced persons ultimately fled to the UK, amongst other countries, and claimed asylum.[2]

Asylum applications from Sudan peaked in 1993 and again in 2004. The majority of applications in the early 1990s were accepted, with applicants either granted asylum or exceptional leave to remain, but since 1994, the majority of applications have been refused (see table).[3]

Demographics

Population size

According to the

Stoke on Trent, Leicester, Sheffield, Derby, Southampton and Nottingham.[2]

According to the

2011 UK Census, a total of 18,381 people born in Sudan were residing in the UK: 16,578 were recorded in England, 889 in Wales [6]], 749 in Scotland [7] and 165 in Northern Ireland.[8]

The National Association of British Arabs categorises Sudan-born immigrants as Arabs. Based on the 2011 census data, it indicates that they are the eighth largest population of

British Arabs by country of birth.[9]

Zeinab Badawi
at Nobel Week Dialogue in Stockholm 2016.
Mo Ibrahim, Sudanese-born British entrepreneur and billionaire at the 2007 World Economic Forum on Africa in Cape Town.

Notable British-Sudanese or Sudanese residing in the United Kingdom

Further information: Category:British people of Sudanese descent
  • Javid Abdelmoneim: physician who previously worked with Médecins Sans Frontières and television presenter for Al Jazeera and guest host on BBC's Panorama programme.
  • Ahmed Diraige: the former governor of Darfur Province and current head of the National Redemption Front alliance, based in London since mid 1980s.
  • Alexander Siddig: (or Siddig El Fadil) actor known for his role in Syriana, Kingdom of Heaven, and Gotham
    Alexander Siddig at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival.
  • Amir Wilson: actor known for his roles as Will Parry in the BBC series His Dark Materials and Tiuri in the Netflix series Letter to the King.
  • Amira Kheir: Italian-Sudanese singer based in London
  • Eliza Shaddad: musician
  • Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim: activist who resided in London. Founder of the ‘Sudanese Women Union’ and later a Sudanese parliamentarian
  • Leila Aboulela: award-winning writer and novelist. Her story collection Elsewhere, Home was the winner of the 2018 Saltire Fiction Book of the Year Award
  • Mo Abbaro: (Mo Abdalla) ceramicist and potter
  • Mo Ibrahim: (Mohammed Ibrahim) telecom businessman. He was among Forbes 2011 billionaire list and the TIME "Top 100" list in 2008
  • Nima Elbagir: award-winning senior international correspondent for CNN based in London
  • Nesrine Malik: opinion columnist at The Guardian
  • Zeinab Badawi: Journalist in BBC world (previously ITV and Channel 4 News)
Leila Aboulela, award-winning Sudanese writer who writes in English and lives in Scotland.
  • Jamal Mahjoub: prolific writer and novelist, known for his crime fiction novels. His characters and storylines incorporates both Sudanese and British cultures, which mirrors parts of Mahjoub's life living between England and Sudan.
  • Omeima Mudawi-Rowlings MBE, deaf textile artist based in Brighton who is known for services to people with disabilities in the arts.
  • Hamza Yassin: Presenter and wildlife cameraman known for his character "Ranger Hamza" on the CBeebies children's television shows Animal Park and Countryfile.

Culture and community

The Embassy of Sudan in London

Numerous community groups and organisations have been established across the UK that cater for the country's Sudanese community, from political organisations and trade unions to refugee organisations and other social and community groups.

Umma Party and the Sudanese Doctors' Union.[2] The Sudan Human Rights Organisation and the Sudan Organisation Against Torture are two national non-political organisations that have been set up by Sudanese in exile in the UK, and there are also refugee groups that have been set up across the UK to help new immigrants and asylum seekers to adapt to the British lifestyle and help with any other problems and issues.[2] Besides these bodies and entities, there are a number of less informal social and culture groups that have been set up by Sudanese in the UK (examples of these are the Sudanese Family in Oxfordshire,[10] Leeds Sudanese Community Association,[11] and the Sudanese Coptic Association).[12] Sudanese nationals in the UK are represented by the Embassy of Sudan on Cleveland Row, London, England.[13]

Further associations

See also

References

  1. ^ "British Sudanese defends teacher". BBC News. 1 December 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Sudan: Mapping exercise" (PDF). London: International Organization for Migration. July 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  3. ^ a b "Immigration and Asylum Statistics". Home Office. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  4. ^ a b c "Timeline: Sudan". BBC News. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  5. ^
    Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    . Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  6. ^ "2011 Census: QS203EW Country of birth (detailed), local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. 11 December 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2019
  7. ^ "Country of birth (detailed)" (PDF). National Records of Scotland. Retrieved 10 October 2019
  8. ^ 2011_Excel/2011/QS206NI.xls "Country of Birth – Full Detail: QS206NI"[dead link]. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.. Retrieved 10 October 2019
  9. ^ "REPORT ON THE 2011 CENSUS – MAY 2013 – Arabs and Arab League Population in the UK – Appendix 6 – Countries of Birth of UK Arabs". National Association of British Arabs. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  10. ^ "Sudanese Family in Oxfordshire". Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  11. ^ "Organisation details – Leeds Sudanese Community Association". Yorkshire and Humber Regional Migration Partnership. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  12. ^ "Refugees into HE project: Project partners". University of Brighton. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  13. ^ "Embassy of Sudan in London". Embassyhomepage.com. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
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