Sufism in al-Andalus
Sufism in Spain was practiced in Al-Andalus mainly in the 9th century. Although it did not reach the extent of other lands, it would strongly influence Islam in Spain and Iberian culture in general.
History
The first spread of Sufi spirituality can be traced back to
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The next decades saw a growth of Sufi movements in Al-Andalus, although they did not become organized in tariqa as in other lands, but in smaller groups centered around a master, without a initiation ritual and often without calling themselves Sufi. One of the first true schools formed was that of Ibn al-Arif (1088-1141), although it would be with Abu Madyan (116-1198), who performed a synthesis of Sufi thought of his time, including Oriental, Andalusi and Magrebi, that Sufism would truly blossom in Spain.[3] His influence was notable, having among his disciples Al-Arabi himself.
Other important Sufis of the time were Ibn Sab'in (1270), and one of his successors, the famous Andalusian poet Abu al-Hasan al-Shushtari, whose works are still in force in the Magreb.
Spanish Arabist Miguel Asín Palacios speculated that the influence of Sufi mysticism reached Christianity. As quoted by Fernando Sánchez Dragó:[4]
Miguel Asín Palacios, a great
Quietistas, the Dexados, without the precedent of these "God's madmen" who had a main role for many centuries, and specifically during the centuries of the taifa kingdoms, in that retrieval of a mysticism that came from Christianity yet was universal.
Spanish sufis
- Abu al-Abbas as-Sabti (1129-1204)
- Abu Madyan de Cantiliana
- Abu l-Abbas Ibn al-Arif, Ibn al-Arif
- Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi
- Abu l-Hakam Ibn Barrayan
- Abu Marwan al-Yuhansi
- Ibn Arabi
- al-Shushtari
- Ibn al-Mar'a
- Ibn Sa'bin
- Abu Ishaq al-Balafiqui
- Abu Ya'far al-Cochi
- Ibn Abbad de Ronda
- Abu Ya'far Sidibono
- Ibn Jamis
- Ibn Masarra
- Ibn al-Galib
- al-Jarrat
References
- ^ Intelectuales de Al-Andalus
- ISBN 970-722-104-6.
- ^ D. Gril: La Risala de Safi al-Din Ibn Zafir (pág. 27). El Cairo: IFAO, 1986.
- ^ Fernando Sánchez Dragó, Conference in the Complutense University of Madrid, included in the book El Islám ante el nuevo orden mundial, VV.AA. Ed. Barbarroja, Madrid, 1996.