Thyroid ima artery

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Thyroid ima artery
thymus gland (as thymica accessoria)
Identifiers
Latinarteria thyroidea ima
TA98A12.2.04.005
TA24180
FMA3936
Anatomical terminology]

The thyroid ima artery (thyroidea ima artery, arteria thyroidea ima, thyroid artery of Neubauer or the lowest thyroid artery) is an artery of the

inferior thyroid arteries are absent, and in a few cases the only source of blood to the thyroid gland. Furthermore, it varies in origin, size, blood supply, and termination, and occurs in around 3.8% of the population and is 4.5 times more common in fetuses than in adults.[1] Because of the variations and rarity, it may lead to surgical complications, particularly during tracheostomy and other airway managements
.

Structure

thyroid gland
(thyroid ima artery not labeled, but region of origin and route are visible)

The thyroid ima artery is an embryonic artery and it occurs because of the failure of the vessel to close, remaining patent (open).[2]

The artery has a variable origin. It mostly arises from the

thyroid gland.[2]

It differs in size and ranges from as small as

superior thyroid arteries.[8]

In cases where the length of the thyroid ima artery is shorter, the artery ends by supplying the

thymus gland and is known as thymica accessoria.[5]

Function

Thyroid ima marked on the image as TIA, parathyroid as PG

When present, the thyroid ima's chief supply is the thyroid gland, though it also supplies the trachea. The artery may extend and supply the parathyroid glands. An infrequently observed artery, it is more frequently reported in the context of enlarged parathyroid glands (parathyroid adenomas). The artery ends by supplying the thyroid gland, or the parathyroid glands, as a single unit or as multiple branches.[6][9] The artery is also found to be the only supply of the parathyroid gland in rare cases.[6]

Clinical significance

The artery is only present in approximately 3–10% of the population.

tracheostomy, sternotomy and thyroidectomy.[5] Because the artery is smaller than the other thyroid vessels, and having an origin from one of the bigger vessels, a brisk cut while performing the surgery may cause complications such as severe hemorrhage and significant blood loss.[13] The artery, if dissected, may draw back into the mediastinum and further complicate the condition by causing hemorrhage and clots in the thoracic cavity.[14]

History

The thyroid ima artery was first defined by German anatomist Johann Ernst Neubauer [de] in the year 1772. Hence, it was named the thyroid artery of Neubauer.[15] The artery originates lower than the inferior thyroid arteries, so it is also known as the lowest thyroid artery.[10][11] Arteria thyroidea ima is the Latin name of the artery.[11][3]

Other animals

The presence of thyroid ima artery is also observed in other

gray langurs. Variations in the origin were also seen; it was found to originate from the aorta in the thorax, or the carotid in the neck.[16]

References

  1. PMID 34265384
    .
  2. ^ a b "Thyroidea ima artery (anatomy)". General Practice Notebook. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-0-7020-6851-5
    .
  4. ^ Ronald A. Bergman; Adel K. Afifi; Ryosuke Miyauchi. "Thyroidea Ima (of Neubauer) Artery". Anatomy Atlases. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d G. Wyatt Pratt (1916). "The Thyroidea Ima Artery". Journal of Anatomy. 50 (Pt 3): 239–242.
  6. ^
    PMID 7384523
    .
  7. ISBN 978-3-642-37262-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  8. S2CID 32274136
    .
  9. ^ Beaumanoir (1882). "Preséntation de pièces anatomiques: artère thyroïdienne de Neubauer". Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société Anatomique (in French). 4: 316–317.
  10. ^
    ISBN 978-81-239-2332-1
    .
  11. ^
    ISBN 978-0-683-06141-3
    .
  12. PMID 27999783
    .
  13. ISBN 978-81-312-0303-3
    .
  14. ISBN 978-0-323-08048-4
    .
  15. ^ C. Neubauer (1786). De arteria thyreoidea ima rariare arteriae innominate ramo. pp. 291–296, 309–314.
  16. ^ Arthur Keith (1895). "The Modes of Origin of the Carotid and Subclavian Arteries from the Arch of the Aorta in Some of the Higher Primates". Journal of Anatomy and Physiology. 29 (Pt 3): 455.

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