Timeline of Stuttgart

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Stuttgart, Germany.

Prior to 14th century

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14th-18th century

• 1321 - City status granted.
• 1392 - Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg (1315–1392) dies in Stuttgart.
• 1486 - Printing press in operation.^[1]
• 1493 - Spitalkirche built.^[2]
• 1495 - Stuttgart becomes capital of Wurttemberg.
• 1570 - Old Palace built.^[2]
• 1626 - Hoppenlaufriedhof [de] (cemetery) in use.
• 1686 - Gymnasium illustre (school) established.
• 1769 -
  Castle Solitude
  built outside city.
• 1775 - Karlsschule relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1795 - Population: 19,510.^[3][4]

19th century

• 1803 - City becomes capital of the Electorate of Württemberg.^{[citation needed]}
• 1807
  • New Palace built.^[4]
  • Schlossplatz opens.^[4]
• 1808 - Schloss-Garten laid out in Neckar-Strasse.^[5]
• 1810 - Royal Library founded by Frederick I of Württemberg.^{[citation needed]}
• 1811 - Stuttgart Cathedral rebuilding completed.
• 1820 - Willibald Feuerlein [de] becomes mayor.
• 1824 - Stuttgarter Liederkranz (singing society) founded.
• 1826 - Natural history museum opens.^[6]
• 1827 - Katharinenhospital Stuttgart [de] built.
• 1829 - University of Stuttgart founded.
• 1830 - Rosenstein Palace completed.
• 1832 -
  Winterschule für Bauhandwerker (trade school) founded.^[7]
• 1833 - Georg Gottlob von Gutbrod [de] becomes mayor.
• 1839 - Schiller memorial erected in Schillerplatz.
• 1840 - Wilhelm Palais built.
• 1841
  • Schlossplatz column erected.^[4]
  • Hospitalkirche restored.^[4]
  • Population: 42,217.^[3]
• 1842 - Olgahospital [de] founded.
• 1843 - Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (art museum) opens.
• 1846
  • Railway station
    opens.
  • Wilhelma garden established.^[8]
• 1848 - Stuttgart-Heilbronn railway begins operating.
• 1849 - Rump parliament held.^[4]
• 1857
  • Stuttgart Music School founded.
  • Hotel Marquardt in business.^[9]
  • Ploucquet's Museum opens.^[10]
• 1860
  • Königsbau constructed on the Schlossplatz.^[11]
  • Population: 61,314.^[3]
• 1861 - Stuttgart Synagogue [de] built.^[5]
• 1862 - Heinrich von Sick [de] becomes mayor.
• 1864 - Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Liederhalle [de] (concert hall) built.
• 1865 - Polytechnic School built in Stadtgarten-Platz.^[5]
• 1869 - Württemberg State Museum founded.
• 1870 - Architectural school built.^[5]
• 1871
  • City becomes part of the German Empire.
  • Tiergarten Nill [de] zoo in business.^[12][13]
• 1872
  • Black Forest Railway (Württemberg) in operation.
  • Theophil Friedrich von Hack [de] becomes mayor.
  • Stuttgarter Hofbräu brewery in business.
• 1873 - Pragfriedhof [de] (cemetery) established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1875
  • Martin's "Museum of the Primeval World" opens.^[12]
  • Marienkirche built.^[5]
• 1876 -
  Johanneskirche
  built.
• 1880
  • Wilhelma park opens to the public.^[14]
  • Law Courts built.^[5]
  • Population: 117,303.^[3]
• 1881 - Breuninger retailer in business.
  • Gewerbehalle built in Kriegsberg-Strasse.^[5]
• 1888 - Dinkelacker brewery in business.
• 1889 - Stuttgart Swimming Baths built.^[5]
• 1890 - Population: 139,817.^[3]
• 1892 - Socialist women's newspaper Die Gleichheit in publication in Stuttgart.^[15]
• 1893 - Emil von Rümelin [de] becomes mayor.
• 1894 - Hotel Victoria (Stuttgart) [de] in business.
• 1895 - Kriegsberg Tower, Landesgewerbe-Museum (industrial museum), and Königin-Olga-Bau^[5] constructed.
• 1899 - Heinrich von Gauss [de] becomes mayor.
• 1900
  • German Peace Society headquartered in city.^[16]
  • Friedrichsbau theatre opens.^{[citation needed]}
  • Stuttgarter Hymnus-Chorknaben (boys' choir) founded.
  • Population: 176,699.^[17]

20th century

1900s-1945

• 1901 -
  City public library established.^{[citation needed}
  ]
• 1903 - Solituderennen motorsport events begin.
• 1905
  • Untertürkheim
    become part of city.
  • Population:249,443.^[4]
• 1907 - International Socialist Congress held in Stuttgart.
• 1908
  • Degerloch becomes part of city.
  • Cavalry barracks built.
• 1910
  • Markthalle Stuttgart [de] built.
  • Population: 286,218.^[18]
• 1911
  • Linden Museum established.
  • Karl Lautenschlager [de] becomes mayor.
• 1912
  • Verein für Bewegungsspiele Stuttgart (football club) formed.
  • Königliche Hoftheater and Stuttgart-Degerloch water tower built.
• 1913 - Waldfriedhof Stuttgart [de] (cemetery) established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1915 - Böblingen Airport begins operating.
• 1916 - Stuttgart Open tennis tournament begins.
• 1918
  • City becomes capital of Free People's State of Württemberg.
  • Schlossplatz opens to the public.
• 1919 - Population: 309,197.^[19]
• 1922
  • Botnang becomes part of city.
  • Stuttgart Central Station
    rebuilt.
  • Stuttgart Observatory active.
• 1924 - Stuttgarter Philharmoniker (orchestra) formed.^[20]
• 1927
  • Weissenhof Estate built.
  • Flandern military training ground active.
• 1928 - Tagblatt-Turm and Schocken Department Store built.
• 1931
  • Rotenberg and Zuffenhausen become part of city.
  • Ferdinand Porsche in business.^[21]
• 1933
  • Weilimdorf
    become part of city.
  • Karl Strölin becomes mayor.
  • Adolf-Hitler-Kampfbahn
    (stadium) built.
• 1935 - Max-Eyth-See (artificial lake) created.
• 1937 - Kurmärker Kaserne (military barracks) built.
• 1938
  • Helenen Kaserne (military barracks) established.
  • Coat of arms of Stuttgart [de] redesign adopted.
• 1939
  • Stuttgart Airport built.
  • Horticultural exhibition held in Killesbergpark.
  • Deportation of Jews begins.
• 1940
  • Robert-Bosch-Hospital opens.
  • August 25: Aerial bombing by Allied forces begins.
• 1942
  • Plieningen and Stammheim (Stuttgart) [de] become part of city.
  • November 22: Aerial bombing.
• 1943
  • March 11: Aerial bombing.
  • April 15: Aerial bombing.
  • September 6: Aerial bombing.
  • October 8: Aerial bombing.
  • November 26: Aerial bombing.
• 1944
  • February 21: Aerial bombing.
  • March 2: Aerial bombing.
  • March 15: Aerial bombing.
  • July: Aerial bombing.
  • September: Aerial bombing.
  • October 19: Aerial bombing.
  • November 5: Aerial bombing.
  • December 9: Aerial bombing.
• 1945
  • January 28: Aerial bombing.
  • April 21: Allied ground forces take city; military occupation begins.
  • December 5: United States Army occupies Kelley Barracks.
  • Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra and Volkstheater founded.
  • Arnulf Klett becomes mayor.

1946-1990s

• 1946 - Südfunk-Chor Stuttgart (choir) formed.
• 1947 - Alte Staatsgalerie rebuilt.
• 1948 - Bölkow aircraft manufactory in business.
• 1952 - City becomes part of newly formed state of Baden-Württemberg.
• 1953 - Landesarboretum Baden-Württemberg established.
• 1954
  • Bodensee-Wasserversorgung [de] (water supply organization) founded.^[22]
  • Rosenstein Castle.^[6]
• 1956 - Fernsehturm Stuttgart commissioned.
• 1957 - Birkenkopf enlarged.
• 1961 - City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial).^[23]
• 1964
  • Stammheim Prison commissioned.
  • New Palace
    reconstructed.
• 1965
  • Wilhelm Palais reconstructed.
  • Railway Vehicle Preservation Company founded.
• 1966 - Funkturm Stuttgart and Versatel building constructed.
• 1967 - United States European Command headquarters relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1969 - Old Castle renovated.
• 1970 - Württembergische Landesbibliothek (state library) building opens.
• 1971 -
  Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group in business.^[24]
• 1972 - Hannibal housing development and Fernmeldeturm constructed.
• 1973 - Stuttgart (region) (Regierungsbezirk) established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1974 - Manfred Rommel becomes mayor.
• 1975
  • Trial of Red Army Faction members held in Stammheim Prison.
  • Stuttgart-Möhringen directional radio tower built.
• 1976
  • Porsche Museum
    opens.
  • Kickers-Stadium renovated.
• 1978
  • Stuttgart S-Bahn begins operating.
  • Künstlerhaus Stuttgart [de] founded.^[25]
  • Roman Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart active.^[26]
• 1981 - Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart founded.
• 1982 - Trickfilmfestival Stuttgart [de] begins.
• 1983 - Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle built.
• 1984
  • Neue Staatsgalerie (art museum) opens.
  • Theaterhaus Stuttgart founded.
• 1987 - Sparkassen Cup track and field competition begins.
• 1988
  • Schwanenbrau Cup
    cycling race begins.
  • May:
    1988 European Cup Final
    held.
• 1994 - Stuttgart Region (metropolitan area)^{[citation needed]} and Regionalversammlung des Verbands Region Stuttgart [de] (regional governance entity) established.
• 1997 - Wolfgang Schuster becomes mayor.
• 2000 - Observation tower built in Killesbergpark.

21st century

• 2005 - Kunstmuseum Stuttgart opens.
• 2006 - Mercedes-Benz Museum opens.
• 2007
  • Messe Stuttgart
    (exhibition centre) built.
  • United States Africa Command headquartered in Stuttgart.
• 2011
  • May: Trial of Rwandan military leader Ignace Murwanashyaka begins at the Oberlandesgericht Stuttgart [de].
  • Population: 613,392.
• 2013 - Fritz Kuhn becomes mayor.^[27]

See also

• Stuttgart history
• List of districts of Stuttgart [de]
• List of mayors of Stuttgart [de]

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:^(de)

• Timeline of Mannheim

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• "Stuttgart", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c (9th ed.), Berlin: J.H. Herz, 1908,
  OCLC 36795367
• "Stuttgart" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 1054–1055.
• Nathaniel Newnham Davis (1911), "Stuttgart", The Gourmet's Guide to Europe (3rd ed.), London: Grant Richards
• "Stuttgart", Southern Germany (Wurtemberg and Bavaria) (12th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1914,
  OCLC 2011248
• John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Stuttgart". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia.
  ISBN 0-8240-7644-3
  .

in German

• Wilhelm Heinrich Theodor Plieninger (1834). Beschreibung von Stuttgart (in German). Stuttgart: Hoffmann.
• August Zoller (1841). Stuttgart und seine Umgebungen (in German). Stuttgart: F.H. Kohler.
• Julius Hartmann (1886). Chronik der Stadt Stuttgart (in German). Stuttgart: Greiner & Pfeiffer.
• "Stuttgart".
  hdl:2027/njp.32101064064528
  .
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Stuttgart". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
• Stuttgart [Chronicles of the German Cities]. Die Chroniken der Deutschen Städte (in German). Vol. 33–36. Leipzig: S. Hirzel. 1928–1931.
• Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Stuttgart". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 1877+.
  ISBN 978-3-11-029555-9
  .
• Uwe Bogen; Thomas Wagner (2012). Stuttgart: Eine Stadt verändert ihr Gesicht (in German). Sutton Verlag.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Stuttgart.

• "Stuttgarter Stadtgeschichte im Überblick" [Stuttgart city history at a glance]. Stadtgeschichte (city history) (in German). Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart.
• Links to fulltext city directories for Stuttgart via Wikisource