Tricarpelema
Tricarpelema | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Commelinales |
Family: | Commelinaceae |
Subfamily: | Commelinoideae |
Tribe: | Commelineae |
Genus: | Tricarpelema J.K.Morton |
Type species | |
Tricarpelema giganteum (Hassk.) H.Hara
|
Tricarpelema is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Commelinaceae consisting of 8 species. The genus is divided into two subgenera, subgenus Tricarpelema, which includes 7 known species found in tropical Asia, and subgenus Keatingia with one species in western Africa. The Asian species are typically found in the forest understory while the single African species has evolved to drier, sunnier conditions and is usually associated with inselbergs.[1][2]
Taxonomy
The genus Tricarpelema was created in 1966 by Kevin Cousins when he found that a
The taxonomic boundaries of some species are not completely understood, mainly due to a lack of
Distribution and habitat
Tricarpelema has its centre of diversity in tropical Asia. The genus can be found there from Bhutan and eastern India, west to Vietnam, southern China, and the Philippines, and south to Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia. Many of the species from Asia have poorly understood distributions due to limited numbers of specimens. For example, three species in the genus are known from six collections or less. A single species occurs in western-central Africa in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. This disjunctive distribution is found in a number of other genera, such as Amischotolype and Calamus, each of which has a relatively low number of species in west-central Africa and many more in tropical Asia.[1]
Habitat information for most of the Asian species is poor, but most are known to be forest understory plants, often in moist situations. The African species, T. africanum, on the other hand, is found in relatively dry areas, often in full sun. It is also strongly associated with inselbergs. Robert Faden suggests that T. africanum may have adapted to drier conditions from members of the genus once found in African rainforests which later died out in response to prehistoric aridification of Africa.[1]
- Species[2]
- Tricarpelema africanum Faden - Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea
- Tricarpelema brevipedicellatum Faden - Vietnam
- Tricarpelema chinense D.Y.Hong - Arunachal Pradesh, Sichuan, Myanmar
- Tricarpelema giganteum (Hassk.) H.Hara - Assam, Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh
- Tricarpelema glanduliferum (J.Joseph & R.S.Rao) R.S.Rao - Arunachal Pradesh, Vietnam
- Tricarpelema philippense (Panigrahi) Faden - Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra
- Tricarpelema pumilum (Hallier f.) Faden - Borneo
- Tricarpelema xizangense D.Y.Hong - Tibet
References
- ^
- ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Tricarpelema chinense", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of China, vol. 24, Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, p. 32
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Tricarpelema xizangense", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of China, vol. 24, Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, p. 32
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Data related to Tricarpelema at Wikispecies