Trinidad Pardo de Tavera

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

In this
Spanish name, the first or paternal surname
is Pardo de Tavera and the second or maternal family name is Gorricho.
Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
Deputy Prime Minister of the Philippines
In office
May 8, 1899 – November 13, 1899
PresidentEmilio Aguinaldo
Prime MinisterPedro Paterno
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byPosition abolished
Member of the Malolos Congress
In office
September 15, 1898 – November 13, 1899
ConstituencyCebu
Personal details
Born
Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de Tavera y Gorricho

(1857-04-13)13 April 1857
Escolta, Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines
Died26 March 1925(1925-03-26) (aged 67)
Manila, Philippine Islands
Political partyFederalista
Other political
affiliations		Independent (1898–1900)
Children3
Parent(s)Félix Pardo de Tavera
Juliana Gorricho de Pardo de Tavera
RelativesJuan VI Pardo de Tavera (ancestor)
Félix Pardo de Tavera, hijo
María de la Paz Pardo de Tavera de Luna (sister)
Alma materColegio de San Juan de Letran (BA)
University of Santo Tomas
University of Paris
OccupationWriter, physician, naturalist, historian

Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de Tavera y Gorricho[1] (13 April 1857 – 26 March 1925) was a Filipino physician, historian and politician of Spanish and Portuguese descent who served as Deputy Prime Minister of the Philippines in 1899.

Trinidad, also known by his name T. H. Pardo de Tavera, was known for his writings about different aspects of Philippine culture.

Family

Trinidad was born on 13 April 1857 to Spanish lawyer and government official Félix Pardo de Tavera and Juliana Gorricho who hailed from a wealthy, illustrious Filipino family.

Primate of Spain and Grand Inquisitor of Spain during the reign of Emperor Charles V (and I of Spain). In 1825, Trinidad's grandfather and Félix's father, Julián Pardo de Tavera, set sail for Manila
shortly after marrying Spanish woman Juana María Gómez. Julián and Juana bore three children: Félix, Joaquín, and Carmen.

The Pardos de Tavera lived in Cabildo St., Intramuros. Félix and Joaquín were sent to the University of Santo Tomas where they both graduated as bachelors of law. The brothers worked for the advisory council of the governor-general. They married sisters Juliana and Gertrudis Gorricho.

Juliana Gorricho was the daughter of José Dámaso Gorricho, a wealthy landowner in Manila and

Pamplona who became the governor of Capiz province
. Juliana's mother, Ciriaca de los Santos, was a Filipina entrepreneur from Cavite who made their family fortune by selling hay to horses used by the Spanish cavalry.

Félix Pardo de Tavera and Juliana Gorricho bore three children: Trinidad, Félix, and María de la Paz, who would later marry renowned Filipino painter Juan Luna.

Early life

Trinidad was known in his early years as Trini. He was identified as a "cuarteron" or a person who is three-fourths Spanish by blood.[3] Their house in Cabildo street was just across the central square or plaza mayor, the Manila Cathedral and the government house or cabildo. In 1870, the government rented one of the wings of the Pardo de Tavera house to support the establishment of Academia de Dibujo y Pintura, the country's first state-supported school for drawing and painting.

In 1864, Trini's father Félix died. His uncle, Joaquín, still childless from his marriage to Gertrudis Gorricho, volunteered to become the adoptive father of Trini, Félix hijo and Carmen or Chiching. To fill Félix's post in the four-people Consejo de Administración, a royal order came to Manila offering the position to Joaquín. To sit in the Consejo was one of the highest honors in the Philippines during those times: he mingled with the highest officials of the country and was conferred into knighthood Order of Isabella the Catholic.

When the

Rafael de Izquierdo. In 1872, a mutiny broke out in Cavite and Joaquín was one of the alleged mutineers arrested by Izquierdo and was imprisoned in Fort Santiago. By 15 February 1872, Joaquín was sentenced to be deported in Guam
. Three years later, his sentence was lifted and he was pardoned as one of the suspects of the mutiny. Because of the harassment and humiliation, Joaquín chose not to return to Manila, and reside together with his wife in Paris instead.

Trinidad was already a student at these times. He finished his primary and secondary education at Ateneo Municipal de Manila. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1873 at Colegio de San Juan de Letran. By 1875, he was on his midway of his study of medicine at University of Santo Tomas when his uncle Joaquín, sent an invitation for them to reside in Paris and pursue education in France.

Life in Paris

Grave of Pardo de Tavera at Père-Lachaise Cemetery (detail: coat of arms)

In Paris, who was still plagued by the aftermath of the

Maurice de MacMahon and Jules Grévy
. The Pardos de Tavera made a living by receiving the income made by their real properties left in the Philippines.

Trinidad enrolled at the

Nihilists. At a visit to one of them, Trinidad learned the idea of the Nihilist movement and shared his own experience of repression while in the Philippines.[5]

In 1880, Trinidad received his licentiate in medicine at the

École nationale des langues orientales vivantes (now Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales) and took courses under Pierre Étienne Lazare Favre. In December 1885, he received his diploma in Malay language. During his study at Paris, he tracked down rare collections of books and maps about the Philippines, its culture, tradition and history. He submitted medical articles to various journals, one of them maybe an article he wrote about Pott's disease in 1881 and was published at El Siglo Médico in Madrid. In 1884, he sent an article about faith and folk healing in Luzon to Paris' Journal médecine. In 1886, he published his thesis Contribution a l'etude de la periarthrite du genou (Affections de la bourse sereuse de la patte d'oie) or Contribution to the Study of Periarthritis of the Knee (Diseases of the Bursa
of Crow's Feet).

While a student at the École nationale, he wrote Contribución para el estudio de los antiguos alfabetos Filipinos (Contribution to the study of ancient Filipino alphabet) in 1884 which was published in

Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
.

Career

He was recognized as the first Filipino to publish a medical article in a professional journal, as he wrote down La medicine a l'Ile de Luzon, Archipel des Philippine.[7]

He was also appointed by President Emilio Aguinaldo to become the Director of the Division on Diplomacy which he accepted and executed the functions of until October 30, 1898 when he resigned due to his conflicting stance with Mabini and Aguinaldo that the Philippines should pursue an immediate independence.[8]

In 1901, he published a report entitled Etimologia de los nombres de razas de Filipinas which is about the etymological origins of the names of races found in the Philippines.

Dean Worcester
, who was head of the medical and zoological division in the Philippines at that time.

In 1906, he published a Reseña histórica de Filipinas desde su descubrimiento hasta 1903, in Manila.[10] However, it was condemned by the religious sector, primarily by a Dominican priest, Fr. Serapio Tamayo. He mocked Pardo by stating that he was of "mediocre intelligence."[11]

Ferdinand Blumentritt stressed out that he and

Rizal were "the only learned scholars of Malaysia produced by Spain."[12]

During the American occupation, Trinidad was hailed as the "interpreter of American intentions towards the Philippines" and as the "right-hand man of Governor Taft in the establishment of civil government."[13] He always envisioned the Philippines being admitted into the "American union" since from the very start, he was very convinced that an independent Philippine state was not the most "dignified" option for the Filipinos.[14]

Personal life and beliefs

Trinidad Pardo de Tavera, during his stay at Paris, was immersed through a plethora of works, since he could understand different languages such as Spanish, French, German, Italian, English and apparently, Russian.

Eugene Burnouf, Rudolf Virchow and Fedor Jagor.[12] He was also an avid follower of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. He was inspired by Kant's idea that reason is the source of morality, morality is the work of freedom and individual self-mastery is the very essence of a human being. His hatred of exclusiveness and privilege were credited as an Kantian influence.[16] He also patterned Auguste Comte's societal evolution to that of the Philippines, from a "theological-military" stage towards a "positivistic-industrial" stage.[17]

Death

On March 26, 1925, Trinidad passed away in his bedroom in Manila, going unnoticed since his sons thought he was taking an afternoon nap. He was cremated and his ashes interred beside his mother's grave in Paris.[18]

References

  1. ^ "Film # 007773851 Image Film # 007773851; ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSMJ-7QX7-5 — FamilySearch.org". FamilySearch. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
  2. ^ Mojares, Resil (2006). Brains of the Nation: Pedro Paterno, T.H. Pardo de Tavera, Isabelo de los Reyes and the Production of Modern Knowledge. Ateneo de Manila University Press. p. 122.
  3. ^ Santiago, Luciano (1994). "THE FIRST FILIPINO DOCTORS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY (1878-97)". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 22 (2). University of San Carlos Publications: 112.
  4. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 126.
  5. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 127.
  6. ^ "Doctor T.H. Pardo de Tavera and Philippine Historiography" (PDF). Retrieved 7 November 2021.
  7. ^ Santiago 1994, p. 114.
  8. ^ Domingo, Benjamin (1983). The Making of Filipino Foreign Policy. p. 132.
  9. ^ Pardo de Tavera, Trinidad. Etimologia de los nombres de razas de Filipinas. Establecimiento Tipográfico de Modesto Reyes y C.
  10. ^ "Reseña histórica de Filipinas desde su descubrimiento hasta 1903 / Por T. H. Pardo de Tavera - BVMC.Labs".
  11. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 219.
  12. ^ a b Mojares 2006, p. 214.
  13. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 147.
  14. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 138.
  15. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 157.
  16. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 215.
  17. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 216.
  18. ^ Mojares 2006, p. 156.

External links

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