Typhoon Vongfong (2014)
Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | October 2, 2014 |
Post-tropical | October 14, 2014 |
Dissipated | October 18, 2014 |
Violent typhoon | |
10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
Highest winds | 215 km/h (130 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 900 hPa (mbar); 26.58 inHg |
Category 5-equivalent super typhoon | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
Highest winds | 285 km/h (180 mph) |
Lowest pressure | 907 hPa (mbar); 26.78 inHg |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 9 |
Missing | 1 |
Damage | $161 million (2014 USD) |
Areas affected | Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Kamchatka Peninsula, Alaska |
IBTrACS | |
Part of the 2014 Pacific typhoon season |
Typhoon Vongfong, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Ompong, was the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2014, and struck Japan as a large tropical system. It also indirectly affected the Philippines and Taiwan. Vongfong was the nineteenth named storm and the ninth typhoon of the 2014 Pacific typhoon season. Estimates assess damage from Vongfong to have been over US$160 million, mainly for striking mainland Japan. At least 9 people were killed along the path of the typhoon in those countries.
Both the
Maintaining peak intensity for over one day, Vongfong began to gradually weaken on October 9, because of an eyewall replacement cycle.[9] On October 10, the structure of the typhoon decayed more, and it totally lost its eye feature on the next day when passing through Okinawa.[10] Due to mid-latitude westerlies, Vongfong's low-level circulation center became partially exposed. The typhoon accelerated east-northeastward on October 12 and made landfall over Kyushu.[11][12] The system continued passing through the main islands of Japan and weakened into a severe tropical storm on October 13, before it became extratropical on October 14.[13][14]
Meteorological history
On September 30, a tropical disturbance began to persist near
Under low vertical wind shear and excellent outflow, the JTWC indicated that Vongfong had intensified into a typhoon at 06:00 UTC on October 4, as well as the JMA upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm at noon.[3][22] With an improved northeastward channel into a tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT) cell, the storm briefly formed a pinhole eye on October 5, and the JMA upgraded it to a typhoon approximately 330 km (210 mi) east of Guam at 09:00 UTC.[4][23] However, an area of subsidence north of the system and moderate to strong vertical wind shear began to impact Vongfong's development later.[5] The typhoon continued struggling to develop further early on October 6, as the broken convective banding was wrapping into a re-consolidating low-level circulation center.[24] In the second half of day, microwave imageries revealed that a thick eyewall structure had formed under a large central dense overcast, and a new but larger eye began to develop. Moreover, moderate vertical wind shear was being offset by excellent equatorward outflow and the motion of the system, when Vongfong was passing through the Northern Mariana Islands.[25]
Once Typhoon Vongfong entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility shortly after 06:00 UTC on October 7, the
The system continued maintaining peak intensity and tracked west-northwestward on October 8, although the JTWC indicated that the eyewall had slightly warmed.[27] Having remained at peak intensity for 18 hours and at Category 5-equivalent intensity for 30 hours, Vongfong began to gradually weaken due to an eyewall replacement cycle.[28] The JMA reported that Vongfong had become a large typhoon in the afternoon.[29] Moreover, the system started to track northward along the western periphery of an extension of the subtropical ridge, as well as the poleward outflow channel was slightly diminished owing to the filled (weakened) TUTT cell which previously enhanced outflow.[9] Early on October 10, the JTWC downgraded Vongfong to a typhoon, as the eye became more ragged and surrounded by elongated convection.[30] The typhoon then turned north-northwestward in the afternoon due to some migratory ridging building in the north, when excellent outflow was being enhanced along the poleward side because of the mid-latitude westerlies.[31]
Vongfong totally lost the eye feature owing to increasing southwesterly vertical wind shear on October 11, yet its circulation grew even larger.
On October 13, Vongfong made landfall over
Impact
Mariana Islands
Vongfong affected the
Philippines
Vongfong was also known as Ompong in the Philippines. The typhoon affected the country by affecting the Intertropical Convergence Zone, bringing flash floods in parts of Visayas and Mindanao. Luzon also experienced northeasterly winds from Ompong. PAGASA had warned rough sea conditions in the seaboards of most eastern parts of the archipelago as the typhoon reached its peak strength.[43] According to the NDRRMC, 4 people were killed due to heavy flooding as of October 18. Damages were estimated at PhP62.6 million (US$1.4 million).[44]
Taiwan
RV Ocean Researcher 5 (海研五號), a large research vessel belonging to the Taiwan Ocean Research Institute which was worth NT$1.46 billion (US$47.9 million) sank off the coast of Penghu at 20:11 TST (12:11 UTC) on October 10 as the vessel ran into a reef when it was sailing off in the afternoon on October 10, possibly due to the strong northeast surge in the Taiwan Strait enhanced by Typhoon Vongfong. Although 45 people on board were rescued, 2 researchers were killed, with 24 people injured.[45] One was pronounced dead upon arrival at hospital, and the other died after doctors tried everything to keep him alive but to no avail.[46]
Japan
Typhoon Vongfong, simply called “Typhoon No. 19” (台風第19号) in
See also
- Other tropical cyclones named Vongfong
- Other tropical cyclones named Ompong
- Typhoon Melor (2009)
- Typhoon Jelawat (2012)
- Typhoon Neoguri (2014)
- Typhoon Phanfone (2014)
- Typhoon Malakas (2016)
References
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- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 07". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 11". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 13". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ a b "Typhoon "Ompong" (Vongfong) Weather Bulletin Number One". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. October 7, 2014. Archived from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 20". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ a b "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 071800". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 10, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ a b "Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 28". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
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- ^ a b "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 130000". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 13, 2014. Retrieved October 14, 2014.
- ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Advisory for Analysis and Forecast 2014-10-14T00:00:00Z". WIS Portal – GISC Tokyo. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
- ^ "Track file of Super Typhoon 19W (Vongfong)" (TXT). U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Marine Weather Warning for GMDSS Metarea XI 2014-10-01T06:00:00Z". WIS Portal – GISC Tokyo. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Marine Weather Warning for GMDSS Metarea XI 2014-10-02T06:00:00Z". WIS Portal – GISC Tokyo. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 19W (Nineteen) Warning Nr 01". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 030000". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 19W (Vongfong) Warning Nr 04". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 041200". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 050900". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
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- ^ "High Seas Forecast for METAREA XII 2345 UTC Fri Oct 17 2014". Ocean Prediction Center. Archived from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved October 18, 2014.
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- ^ "Agricultural damage from typhoon Vongfong reaches 865 million yen". Retrieved October 15, 2014.
External links
- JMA General Information of Typhoon Vongfong (1419) from Digital Typhoon
- JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Vongfong (1419) (in Japanese)
- 19W.VONGFONG from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory