Ulmus × hollandica 'Smithii'
Ulmus × hollandica 'Smithii' | |
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Hybrid parentage | U. glabra × U. minor |
Cultivar | 'Smithii' |
Origin | Nottingham, England |
The
'Smithii' or 'Downton Elm' is absent from Smith's 1887–88 catalogue, which contains 23 elms, unless it is one listed as 'Weeping English Elm'.[3]
Description
'Smithii' made a small to medium-sized tree,
Cultivation
'Smithii' was grown at the
In 1955 Melville queried one of the two 'Smithii' at Kew. The "slightly pendulous" no. 69, 60-ft by then, sourced from Darley Dale, Derbyshire, in 1888, was, he noted, "different from the tree Downton Elm, Ulmus vegeta pendula, no. 101".[13] The 1955 nos. 69 and 101 may have been the two 'Smithii' referred to by Henry in 1912. The leaves of no. 69 appear similar to early 20th-century herbarium specimens at Kew and Glasnevin labelled 'Smithii' (see 'External Links'); Melville's specimen of no. 101[14] is held at Kew, as U. × hollandica nm. 'Smithii' Henry. There was, however, a James Smith nursery at Darley Dale[15] that supplied trees to Kew,[16] raising the possibility, as Melville suggested, that the Darley Dale 'Smithii' was not the Downton Elm of Smith's of Worcester.
Many 19th-century elms described in Elwes and Henry (1913) were excluded from standard 20th-century works such as those of Bean and Hillier, presumably as too rare, yet 'Smithii' continued to feature in later editions, suggesting it was an elm readers were likely to encounter in collections. However, no captioned photographs nor verified survivors are known.
The Direction des Espaces Verts et de l'Environnement (DEVE) - Ville de Paris lists a 'Smithii' at the Square Louise-Michel, Paris (1990).[21]
The 'Downton Elm' described in Boot's Familiar Trees (1888) appears to have been confused with a form of weeping wych.[22]
Putative specimen
A pruned U. × hollandica with leaves that match 'Smithii' herbarium specimens from Glasnevin[8] and Kew[7] forms part of an avenue in Eaton Road, Hove.
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Eaton Rd elm, Hove
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Pendulous shoots of same
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Foliage of same
Synonymy
- Ulmus campestris pendula.[23]
- Ulmus campestris 'Pendula'.[24]
- Ulmus hollandica var. pendula.[25]
- Ulmus glabra var. pendula.[26]
- Ulmus montana var. Smithii Hort.: Kew
- Ulmus Smithii Henry.[2]
References
- ^ Knight, Thomas Andrew (1824). "Notice of a new variety of Ulmus suberosa". Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London. 5: 146–148. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ^ a b c Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. pp. 1868–1869.
- ^ 'Standard Ornamental Trees' in Forest, hardy ornamental trees, conifers, etc., Richard Smith & Co., Worcester, 1887–88, p.27
- ^ ISBN 071539942X.
- ^ a b Bean, William Jackson (1988). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain (8 ed.). London: Murray. p. 659.
- ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
- ^ a b c "Herbarium specimen 295176, herbariaunited.org" Sheet labelled Ulmus montana var. Smithii, "Downton Elm" (Kew specimen, 1909; A. Ley)
- ^ a b c "Herbarium specimen - K000852708". The Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Sheet labelled U. Smithii Henry, Glasnevin Botanical Gardens specimen (1911)
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1847113". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet labelled U. × hollandica pendula Smithii (The Hague specimen, ex. Kew, 1932; juvenile long shoot)
- ^ Hanham, F. (1857). A Manual for the Park (Royal Victoria Park, Bath). Longman, London.
- ^ Jackson, A. Bruce (1927). Catalogue of the Trees & Shrubs [at Westonbirt] in the Collection of the Late Lieut-Col. Sir George Lindsay Holford. London. p. 195.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Williams, John (October 1953). "Edward Bausch and the Downton Elm". Bulletin of the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences. 26 (8): 126–127.
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - L.1587059". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Leaves labelled U. Smithii, no. 69 (Kew specimen, from tree in Darley Dale, Derbyshire, 1888
- ^ Kew Plants of the World Online: ' Ulmus × hollandica Mill. Images'; Kew specimen 101: Image 35 of 52; ID:1128168; powo.science.kew.org
- ^ Desmond, Ray, Dictionary of British and Irish Botanists and Horticulturists, including Plant Collectors and Botanical Artists (London 1977), p.634
- ^ Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. 7. p.1895
- ^ Hilliers' Manual of Trees & Shrubs (Newton Abbot 1977)
- ^ Bean, W. J., Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain (London 1988)
- ^ Hillier & Sons (1977). Catalogue of Trees & Shrubs. Hillier, Ampfield, UK.
- ^ Hillier & Sons Sales inventory 1962 to 1977 (unpublished).
- ^ Open Data Paris — Les arbres: Open Data Paris — Les arbres, accessdate: August 24, 2016
- ^ Boot, William Henry James, Familiar Trees, London 1888, p.141
- ^ Masters, W. (1831). Hortus Duroverni: Or, A Tabular and Descriptive Catalogue of Perennial Flower Roots, &c. Sold by W. Masters. p. 66. Retrieved 2017-07-06.
- ^ Krüssmann, Johann Gerd (1962). Handbuch der Laubgehölze. Vol. 2. p. 537.
- ^ Rehder, Alfred (1915). "Neue oder kritische Gehölze". Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologischen Gesellschaft. 24: 217. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ^ Loudon, John Claudius (1838). Arboretum et fruticetum Britannicum. Vol. 3. p. 1405.