Ulmus davidiana var. japonica 'Prospector'

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Ulmus davidiana var. japonica 'Prospector'
'Prospector'
VarietyUlmus davidiana var. japonica
Cultivar'Prospector'
OriginNational Arboretum, US

The Japanese elm cultivar Ulmus davidiana var. japonica 'Prospector' was originally treated as a cultivar of Wilson's elm U. wilsoniana Schneid., a species sunk as Ulmus davidiana var. japonica by Fu.[1] A U.S. National Arboretum introduction (NA 55398), it was selected in 1975 from a batch of 1965 seedlings in Delaware, Ohio, and released without patent restrictions in 1990.[2] 'Prospector' proved moderately successful in the US National Elm Trial, averaging a survival rate of 76% overall.[3]

'Prospector' was introduced to the UK in 2009, by Hampshire & Isle of Wight Branch,

White-letter Hairstreak.[4]

Description

'Prospector' is a medium-size elm with a light-grey bark, attaining a height of approximately 14 m and developing a vase shape broadly similar to the

apetalous wind-pollinated flowers emerge in early spring, before the leaves. The samara, 20 mm long by 8–10 mm wide, is narrowly obovate, the seed between centre and notch. Specimens grown in Hampshire, England, first flowered and fruited aged 10 years. The tree was also the first to flower every year, usually by mid-January.[5]

The tree grows at a comparatively modest pace in the United States; specimens planted at

UC Davis as part of the National Elm Trial increased in height by 0.85 m and diameter at breast height by 2 cm in the first few years after establishment [6] [5] The species does not sucker from roots.[7]

  • 'Prospector' emergent leaf colouring.
    'Prospector' emergent leaf colouring.
  • 'Prospector' samarae with £1 coin as scale
    'Prospector' samarae with £1 coin as scale
  • 'Prospector' samara
    'Prospector' samara

Pests and diseases

'Prospector' has featured in several elm trials in the United States, notably those conducted by the

Japanese Beetle.[10]
Tolerance of
Elm Yellows in the United States was found to be poor. However, the disease has proved difficult to transmit experimentally to this cultivar, and there appear to be no natural infections.[11]

Cultivation

'Prospector' performed well in

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as suitable for Zones 4–7. The tree is currently being evaluated in the National Elm Trial [8] coordinated by Colorado State University
.

'Prospector' was introduced to Europe by Butterfly Conservation in 2009 as part of its elm trials programme in Hampshire but has exhibited very slow growth, its stem increasing by just 2 mm in diameter at breast height per annum.[5]

The tree was also included in trials in New Zealand undertaken by Hortresearch at Palmerston North in the 1990s.

Synonymy

Ulmus wilsoniana C. K. Schneid. 'Prospector'.

Hybrid cultivars

Accessions

North America
Europe

Nurseries

North America

(Widely available)

Europe

References

  1. ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, US. [1]
  2. ^ HortScience, 26, 81-82, 1991.
  3. doi:10.48044/jauf.2017.010
    .
  4. ^ Brookes, Andrew (2020). "Disease resistant elm cultivars" (PDF). Hampshire & Isle of Wight Branch Butterfly Conservation.
  5. ^ a b Brookes, A. H. (2022). Great Fontley Elm Trial, 2022 Report. Butterfly Conservation, Lulworth, England.
  6. ^ a b McPherson, G. et al. (2008). National elm trial: Initial report from Northern California. Western Arborist, Fall 2009, 32–36.
  7. ^ Heybroek, Hans M. (1981). "The Japanese elm species and their value for the Dutch elm breeding program" (PDF). Proceedings of the Dutch Elm Disease Symposium and Workshop, October 5–9, Winnipeg, Manitoba: 78–90.
  8. ^ Townsend A. M. & Douglass, L. W. Variation among American Elm Clones in Long-term Dieback, Survival, and Growth Response to Ophiostoma Inoculation
  9. ^ a b Costello, L. R. (2004). A 10-year evaluation of the performance of four elm cultivars in California, U.S. Journal of Arboriculture, March, 2004. [2]
  10. ^ Brady, C., Condra, J., & Potter, D. (2008) Resistance of Landscape-suitable Elm (Ulmus spp.) Cultivars to Japanese Beetle, Leaf Miners, and Gall Makers. 2008 Research Report, Nursery & Landscape Program, pp 15, 16. University of Kentucky.
  11. ^ Sinclair, W. A., Townsend, A. M., Griffiths, H. M., & Whitlow, T. H. (2000). Responses of six Eurasian Ulmus cultivars to a North American elm yellows phytoplasma. Plant disease, Vol. 84, No.12, 1266–1270. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN
  12. ^ Giblin, C. P. & Gillman, J. H. (2006). Elms for the Twin Cities: A Guide for Selection and Maintenance. University of Minnesota.

External links

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