Uloboridae
Cribellate orb-weavers Temporal range:
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Uloborus plumipes | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
Family: | Uloboridae Thorell, 1869 |
Diversity | |
19 genera, 337 species | |
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Uloboridae is a
Description
They are medium to large spiders, with three claws, which lack venomous glands. They build a spiral web using
Hunting
The hunting method of these
Social behavior
Some species are able to form colonies[2] like Philoponella republicana, which make large, messy, communal webs. Colonies may range from a couple of individuals to a couple hundred. These colonies may be nymph dominated or adult dominated, though a small colony dominated by adults could be a sign of the colony's slow death. These colonies show signs of being female dominated, as one would expect, with males only being found in larger colonies. This could mean males search for larger colonies, or had died out in the smaller colonies.[6]
Distribution
This family has an almost worldwide distribution. Only two species are known from Northern Europe: Uloborus walckenaerius and Hyptiotes paradoxus. Similarly occurring solely in northern North America (e.g. southern Ontario) is Uloborus glomosus. The oldest known fossil species is Talbragaraneus from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) Talbragar Fossil Bed of Australia.[7]
Genera
As of May 2024[update], the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[8]
- Ariston O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 – Mexico, Panama
- Astavakra Lehtinen, 1967 – Philippines
- Conifaber Opell, 1982 – Paraguay, Argentina, Colombia
- Daramulunia Lehtinen, 1967 – Samoa, Vanuatu, Fiji
- Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 – Asia, South Africa, North America, Europe
- Lehtineniana Sherwood, 2022 – Caroline Is., Cook Is., Vanuatu, New Caledonia, French Polynesia (Marquesas Is., Society Is., Austral Is.)
- Lubinella Opell, 1984 – Papua New Guinea
- Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 – South America, Central America, Asia, Oceania, Africa, Caribbean, North America
- Octonoba Opell, 1979 – Asia, United States
- Orinomana Strand, 1934 – South America
- Philoponella Mello-Leitão, 1917 – Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, Central America
- Polenecia Lehtinen, 1967 – Azerbaijan
- Purumitra Lehtinen, 1967 – Australia, Philippines
- Siratoba Opell, 1979 – United States, Mexico
- Sybota Simon, 1892 – Chile, Argentina
- Uaitemuri Santos & Gonzaga, 2017 – Brazil
- Uloborus Latreille, 1806 – Asia, Oceania, South America, Africa, North America, Costa Rica, Europe
- Waitkera Opell, 1979 – New Zealand
- Zosis Walckenaer, 1841 – South America, Seychelles, Asia, Oceania, Cuba
See also
References
- ^ "Staff Scientists" (PDF).
- ^ a b "Hackled orb-weavers". The Australian Museum. 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
- .
- S2CID 253876504.
- hdl:10669/79093.
- ISSN 1029-3299.
- S2CID 55113970.
- ^ "Family: Uloboridae Thorell, 1869". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
External links
Data related to Uloboridae at Wikispecies
Media related to Uloboridae at Wikimedia Commons
- World Spider Catalog