User:NiD.29/North American NA-64 Yale
NA-64/NA-64 P-2/Yale I | |
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Restored North American NA.64 Yale at the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum in Hamilton, Ontario | |
Role | Trainer |
Manufacturer | North American Aviation |
First flight | 12 February 1940[1] |
Introduction | 1940 |
Retired | 1 October 1946 (RCAF)[1][2] 1949 (Armee de l'air) |
Status | museum/warbird |
Primary users | Aeronavale
Luftwaffe |
Produced | 1940 |
Number built | 230 |
Developed from | North American BT-14
|
Developed into | North American Harvard
|
The North American NA-64 Yale (NA-64 P-2 in French service) was a low-wing single piston engine
.Design and development
Ordered as a follow on to the
Operational history
France
NA-64 P-2 was built for the French
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/North_American_NA-64_Yale_ExCC.jpg/220px-North_American_NA-64_Yale_ExCC.jpg)
Canada
The remaining 119 undelivered aircraft were bought up by the
Germany
The NAA-64s captured from the French were used by the German Luftwaffe for all types of flight training, from basic flying to advanced fighter tactics. Dive bomber schools and target tug units and even combat squadrons all used the NAA-64, as they were designated by the Luftwaffe, from the tail markings of the French examples. At least one was used by the Zirkus Rosarius to familiarize German aircrew with the handling of American aircraft before they evaluated captured aircraft.[5]
Operators
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/North_American_NA-64_Yale_Canada_-_Air_Force_3416%2C_CNC4_Guelph_Airpark%2C_ON%2C_Canada_PP1383118077.jpg/220px-North_American_NA-64_Yale_Canada_-_Air_Force_3416%2C_CNC4_Guelph_Airpark%2C_ON%2C_Canada_PP1383118077.jpg)
- Royal Canadian Air Force
- No.1 Service Flying Training School (SFTS) Borden[9]
- No.2 Service Flying Training School (SFTS) Uplands[9]
- No.6 Service Flying Training School (SFTS) Dunnville[7]
- No.14 Service Flying Training School (SFTS) Aylmer[10]
- No.1 Training Command (TC) Toronto, ON[11]
- No.3 Training Command (TC) Montreal[12]
- No.4 Training Command (TC) Regina[10]
- No.1 Flying Instructor School (FIS) Trenton[10]
- No.1 Wireless School (WS) Winnipeg, MB[8]
- No.2 Wireless School (WS) Calgary, AB[8]
- No.3 Wireless School (WS) Montreal, QC[13][8]
- No.4 Wireless School (WS) Guelph[8]
- No.12 (Comm) Squadron[7]
- No.118 (F) Squadron[12]
- Armée de l'Air (French Air Force)
- Aéronavale (French Naval Aviation)
- Armée de l'Air de Vichy (Vichy French Air Force)
- Forces Aériennes Françaises Libres (Free French Air Force)
- Luftwaffe captured 93 aircraft and assigned 96 registrations[14], and they even published their own pilots manual for it
- Fliegerzielgeschwader (Fl.Z.G.) 2 target towing wing[15][16]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 9 pilot school[15][17][18]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 16 pilot school[18]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 42 pilot school[15]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 43 pilot school[15][18]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 71 pilot school[18]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 82 pilot school[15]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 110 pilot school[15][17][18]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 111 pilot school[15]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 116 Göppingen pilot school[5][19][15][20][17]
- Flugzeugführerschule A/B 117 pilot school[15][18]
- Jagdfliegerschule (JFS) 2 Neustadt Weinstraße/Speyerdorf advanced fighter pilot school[15]
- Jagdfliegerschule 6 advanced fighter pilot training school[15]
- Jagdfliegervorschule (JFVS) 2 Lachen-Speyerdorf preliminary fighter pilot school[19][15]
- Jagdgeschwader (JG) 103 fighter squadron[15][18]
- Jagdgeschwader (JG) 106 fighter squadron[15]
- Luftdienst-Kommando 7 air service command[15]
- Luftkriegschule (LKS) 1 air war school[21]
- Luftkriegschule 5 air war school[15]
- Nahaufklärungsgeschwader (NAG) 102 short-range reconnaissance wing[15]
- Stukaschule (StS) 1 Wertheim dive bomber school[15]
- Stukavorschule/Sturzkampffliegervorschule (StVS) 1 Bad Aibling preliminary dive bomber school[19][15][20][16][22][17][18]
- Stukavorschule 2 preliminary dive bomber school[15]
- Zerstörerschule (ZS) 1 Neubiberg heavy fighter school[18]
- Zieldarstellungsstaffel (ZD-Stf) 102 target towing squadron[15][17]
- Zirkus Rosarius used to familiarize aircrew with U.S. aircraft.[5]
- Royal Navy
- 31 SFTS Kingston, ON (Canada) - 8 loaned from RCAF from March to April 1941 in exchange for 8 Fairey Battle trainers.[23][24]
Survivors/Aircraft on display
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/North_American_NA-64_Yale_USAF_Museum_Dayton%2COH_MDF_4864.jpg/220px-North_American_NA-64_Yale_USAF_Museum_Dayton%2COH_MDF_4864.jpg)
There are many surviving NA-64 Yales today because of Ernie Simmons, a farmer from near
RCAF Serial |
NAA Serial |
Museum/Organization | Location | Status | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3349 | 64-2171 | Imperial War Museum Duxford | Duxford, England |
airworthy | [29] |
3350 | 64-2206 | Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum | Hamilton, Ontario | airworthy | [30] |
3361 | 64-2183 | Milestones of Flight Museum |
Lancaster, California | as BT-14 | [31] |
3367 | 64-2175 | Sherwood Park, Alberta |
Sherwood Park, Alberta |
static | [32] |
3381 | 64-2194 | Commemorative Air Force | Midland, Texas | as BT-14 | |
3383 | 64-3037 | Legend Of Aces Aviation | Brighton, Michigan | restoration | |
3390 | 64-3033 | Bomber Command Museum of Canada | Nanton, Alberta | restoration | [33] |
3396 | 64-2161 | Commonwealth Air Training Plan Museum | Brandon, Manitoba | restoration | |
3397 | 64-2150 | Pima Air & Space Museum | Tucson, Arizona | static | [34] |
3399 | 64-2160 | Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association | Tillsonburg, Ontario |
airworthy | [35] |
3400 | 64-2149 | Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum | Hamilton, Ontario | airworthy | [36] |
3404 | 64-2157 | Bomber Command Museum of Canada | Nanton, Alberta | restoration | [37] |
3406 | 64-2144 | Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum | Maryland Heights, Missouri | airworthy | |
3411 | 64-2167 | Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum | Hamilton, Ontario | static | [38] |
3416 | 64-2169 | Guelph Airpark |
Guelph, Ontario |
static | [39] |
3417 | 64-2168 | National Museum of the United States Air Force | Dayton, Ohio | as BT-14 | [40] |
3430 | 64-2223 | Western Canada Aviation Museum |
Winnipeg, Manitoba |
static | [41] |
3450 | 64-2214 | Commemorative Air Force | Midland, Texas | as BT-14 | |
3456 | 64-2221 | Legend Of Aces Aviation | Brighton, Michigan | restoration | |
3458 | 64-3024 | Reynolds-Alberta Museum |
Wetaskiwin, Alberta |
static | [42] |
3463 | 64-2207 | Texas Air Museum | San Antonio, Texas |
as BT-14[43] | [44] |
unknown | unknown | Musée aéronautique de Presqu'île côte d'Amour |
La Baule-Escoublac, France | restoration | [45] |
Specifications
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/North_American_NA-64_Yale_drawing.jpg/220px-North_American_NA-64_Yale_drawing.jpg)
Data from North American Aviation, Manuel de Pilotage de l'Avion NA-64 P-2 (Avion de Perfectionnement), 1940, pp.8-9
General characteristics
- Crew: 2 (instructor and student)
- Length: 28 ft 4 in (8.64 m) [46]
- Wingspan: 40 ft 1.4 in (12.228 m)
- Height: 8 ft 10.5 in (2.70 m) [46]
- Wing area: 241.67 sq ft (22.42 m2)
- Empty weight: 3,324 lb (1,057 kg) [46]
- Gross weight: 4,500 lb (2,040 kg) [46]
- Max takeoff weight: 4,291 lb (1,946 kg) normal weight per NAA
- Fuel capacity: 104 gallons/394L including 16.5 US gallon/2.45L reserve tank
- Oil capacity 9.5 US gallon/36L[47]
- Powerplant: 1 × , 420 hp (310 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed Hamilton Standard 2D30 hub & 6101A-12 blades, 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m) diameter [49]
Performance
- Maximum speed: 166 mph (267 km/h, 144 kn) sea level
- Cruise speed: 146 mph (235 km/h, 127 kn) 64% power
- Never exceed speed: 300 mph (483 km/h, 261 kn) [50]
- Range: 730 mi (1,175 km, 630 nmi) cruising speed
- Combat range: 475 mi (765 km, 413 nmi) maximum speed
- Endurance: 5 hrs at cruising speed, 2 hours 48 minutes at maximum speed
- Service ceiling: 17,500 ft (5,350 m) full load
- Rate of climb: 1,120 ft/min (5.7 m/s)
- Time to altitude: 11.36 min to 10,000 ft (3320 m)
- Wing loading: 17.76 lb/sq ft (86.7 kg/m2)
- Power/mass: 10.22lbs/hp
Armament
- light bombs (French and German examples only)
See also
Related development
- North American NA-16 - initial design, with fabric covered fuselage
- Pratt & Whitney R-985engine.
- North American T-6 Texan - ultimate development of design
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
- Arado Ar 96
- Curtiss-Wright CW-19R
- Fleet Fort
- Kyushu K10W1
- Vultee BT-13 Valiant
Related lists
- North American T-6 Texan variants
- List of aircraft of Canada's air forces
- List of aircraft of the Armée de l'Air, World War II
- List of military aircraft of the German Third Reich
External Links
References
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
North American NA-64 Yale.
Notes
- ^ a b Smith, 2000, p.29
- ^ a b c Hagedorn, 1997, p.48
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.37
- ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.36
- ^ a b c d e Fletcher, 1990, p.38
- ^ As there was no Yale Mk.II, Mk.I was rarely used.
- ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.42
- ^ a b c d e Fletcher, 1990, p.45
- ^ a b Fletcher, 1990, p.40
- ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.172
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.170
- ^ a b Fletcher, 1990, p.171
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.43
- ^ LEMB Stammkennzeichen Database accessdate: March 2014
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u luftwaffe-experten stamm Dx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ a b luftwaffe-experten stamm Nx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ a b c d e luftwaffe-experten stamm Rx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ a b c d e f g h i luftwaffe-experten stamm Vx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ a b c luftwaffe-experten stamm Cx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ a b luftwaffe-experten stamm Kx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ luftwaffe-experten stamm Hx+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ luftwaffe-experten stamm Px+xx accessdate:March 2014
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.41
- ^ Restoration of North American NA-64 Yale 3383 accessdate:March 2014
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.48
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.49
- ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.51
- ^ "The Ernie Simmons Story." Spitfire Emporium. Retrieved: 24 December 2011.
- ^ Aeroflight - Duxford accessdate:1 April 2014
- ^ North American Yale 3350 accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ Milestones of Flight Air Museum: accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ Canadian Warplanes preserved in Alberta accessdate:1 April 2014
- ^ Canadian Warplanes preserved in Alberta accessdate:1 April 2014
- ^ Pima Air & Space Museum - Yale accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ "NA-64 Yale." Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association. Retrieved: 24 December 2011.
- ^ North American Yale 3400 accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ Bomber Command Museum of Canada - North American NA-64 Yale accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ North American Yale 3411 accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ Aircraft 3416 Photo accessdate:2 April 2014
- ^ Fact Sheet: North American BT-14 (NA-64) accessdate:31 March 2014
- ^ Western Canada Aviation Museum – Winnipeg accessdate:2 April 2014
- ^ Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame - Wetaskiwin, Alberta accessdate:1 April 2014
- ^ Currently painted as Luftwaffe example, but with BT-14 nose.
- ^ Texas Air Museum - North American NA-64
- ^ Musee Aeronautique Presqu'ile Cote d'Amour accessdate:1 April 2014
- ^ a b c d e Canadian Wings.com accessdate: March 2014
- ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.29
- ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.22
- ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.28
- ^ North American Aviation, 1940, pp.17
Bibliography
- Fletcher, David C; MacPhail, Doug (1990). Harvard! the North American Trainers in Canada. San Josef BC/Dundee ON: DCF Flying Books. ISBN 0-9693825-0-2.
- Fletcher, David (1995). "North American Yale". Random Thoughts. 17 (2). International Plastic Modellers Society of Canada: 31.
- Griffin, John A. (1969). Canadian Military Aircraft Serials & Photographs 1920 - 1968. Publication No. 69-2. Ottawa: Queen's Printer.
- Hagedorn, Dan (1997). North American NA-16/AT-6/SNJ (WarbirdTech Volume 11). North Branch, MN: Speciality Press. ISBN 0-933424-76-0.
- Kostenuk, S.; Griffin, J. (1977). RCAF Squadron Histories and Aircraft: 1924–1968. Toronto, ON: Samuel Stevens, Hakkert & Co. ISBN 978-0888665775.
- Milberry, Larry; Halliday, Hugh A. (1990). The Royal Canadian Air Force at War, 1939-1945. Toronto, ON: CANAV Books. ISBN 978-0921022046.
- North American Aviation (1940). Manuel de Pilotage de l'Avion NA-64 P-2 (Avion de Perfectionnement). Rapport No 1552. Inglewood, CA: North American Aviation.
- Skaarup, Harold A. (2000). Canadian Warbird and War Prize Survivors, Updated Edition. Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press. ISBN 978-0595122165.
- Smith, Peter Charles (2000). North American T-6: SNJ, Harvard and Wirraway. Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126-382-1.