Ustilaginaceae

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Ustilaginaceae
Ustilago maydis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Ustilaginomycetes
Order: Ustilaginales
Family: Ustilaginaceae
Tul. & C.Tul.
(1847)
Type genus
Pers.
) Roussel (1806)

The Ustilaginaceae are a

smut fungi in the order Ustilaginomycetes. Collectively, the family contains 17 genera and 607 species.[1]

Biotechnological relevance

Ustilaginaceae naturally produce a wide range of value-added chemicals (e.g. secondary metabolites, TCA cycle intermediates) with growing biotechnological interest.[2] Reported metabolites are polyols, organic acids, extracellular glycolipids, iron-chelating siderophores and tryptophan derivatives.[3][4] Polyols, such as erythritol (ery) and mannitol, for example, have large markets as sweeteners for diabetics and as facilitating agents for the transportation of pharmaceuticals in medicine.[5] Itaconic, L-malic, succinic, l-itatartaric, and l-2-hydroxyparaconic acid are organic acids produced by many Ustilaginomycetes.[4] Applications for itaconic acid are for example the production of resins, plastics, adhesives, elastomers, coatings, and nowadays itaconate is discussed as a platform chemical in the production of biofuels.[6] Malic acid is used in many food products, primarily as an acidulant.[7] Succinic acid is utilized as a precursor to pharmaceutical ingredients, such as additives, solvents, and polymers, but also as a food additive and dietary supplement.[8] Another category of metabolites produced by smut fungi contains extracellular glycolipids, such as mannosylerythritol lipids and ustilagic acid.[9][10] These lipids have biosurfactant properties and can be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications and are known for their strong fungicidal activity on many species.[3]

Genera

With authors and amount of species per genus;[11]

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8
    .
  2. PMID 28955444
    .
  3. ^
    S2CID 18520974
    .
  4. ^
    doi:10.1271/bbb1961.54.2353
    .
  5. S2CID 9560435
    .
  6. S2CID 206934753
    .
  7. PMID 10533437
    .
  8. S2CID 38868987
    .
  9. S2CID 27322169
    .
  10. PMID 18585066
    .
  11. hdl:10481/61998
    .
  12. ^ Vánky K. (2011). "Bambusiomyces, a new genus of smut fungi" (PDF). Mycologia Balcanica. 8: 141–5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-12.

External links


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