Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale
The Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is a test to rate the severity of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms.
The scale, which was designed by
Accuracy and modifications
Goodman and his colleagues have developed the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale—Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II) in an effort to modify the original scale which, according to Goodman, "[has become] the
Studies have been conducted by members of the Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology to determine the accuracy of the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (specifically as it appears in its Persian format). The members applied the scale to a group of individuals and, after ensuring a normal distribution of data, a series of reliability tests were performed. According to the authors, "[the] results supported satisfactory validity and reliability of translated form of Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale for research and clinical diagnostic applications".[6]
Children's version
The children's version of the Y-BOCS, or the Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scales (CY-BOCS), is a clinician-report questionnaire designed to assess symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder from childhood through early adolescence.[7]
The CY-BOCS contains 70 questions and takes about 15 to 25 minutes. Each question is designed to ask about symptoms of obsessive–compulsive behavior, though the exact breakdown of questions is unknown[how?]. For each question, children rate the degree to which the question applies on a scale of 0–4. Based on research, this assessment has been found to be statistically valid and reliable,[8] but not necessarily helpful.
Other versions
The CY-BOCS has been adapted into several self- and parent-report versions, designed to be completed by parent and child working together, although most have not been psychometrically validated. However, these versions still ask the child to rate the severity of their obsessive–compulsive behaviors and the degree to which each has been impairing. While this measure has been found to be useful in a clinic setting, scores and interpretations are taken with a
Another version, which is parent-focused, is similar to the original CY-BOCS and is administered to both parent and child by the clinician. This version was distributed by Solvay Pharmaceuticals in the late 1990s, creating an association between the measure and a number of pharmaceutical groups that has caused it to be avoided by most clinicians. Severity cutoff scores for this version have not been empirically determined.[10]
See also
References
- PMID 2684084.
- PMID 16432526.
- PMID 20541907.
- S2CID 11765454.
- S2CID 37768563.
- ^ Esfahani, S.; Motaghipour, Y.; Kamkari, K.; Zahiredin, A.; Janbozorgi, M. (2012). "Reliability and Validity of the Persian Version of the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). (English)". Iranian Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology. 17 (4): 297–303.
- PMID 2684084.
- PMID 18329843.
- ISBN 9780195310511.
- PMID 22024003.
Further reading
- Geller, Daniel A.; March, John; AACAP Committee on Quality Issues (January 2012). "Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 51 (1): 98–113. PMID 22176943.
External links
- Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale – archived official paper version of Y-BOCS
- Yale OCD Research Clinic – link to clinic where the Y-BOCS was developed
- Tables of screening tools and rating scales Archived 2015-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
- Self-report version of the CY-BOCS
- Exposure and response prevention for OCD
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for OCD
- Acceptance and commitment therapy for OCD
- Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
- EffectiveChildTherapy.Org information on rule-breaking, defiance, and acting out