6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong

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6th Legislative Council of
Hong Kong
Pro-Beijing camp

The Sixth Legislative Council of Hong Kong (

National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) due to the postponement of the 2020 Legislative Council election.[1][2]

The membership of the session was based on the results of the

.

The council never met its full membership of 70 members, as two Youngspiration legislators Yau Wai-ching and Sixtus Leung were disqualified by the court on 15 November 2016 over their

Yiu Chung-yim were disqualified for the same reason on 14 July 2017, which left a total six vacant seats of which five of them were filled in the March and November by-elections, won by Vincent Cheng, Gary Fan, Au Nok-hin, Tony Tse and Chan Hoi-yan. Fan and Au were later unseated on 17 December 2019 as the by-election result was ruled as invalid by the court, followed by Chan's departure for the same reason.[3]

In 2019, the

historic massive protests. Hundred of protesters stormed the Legislative Council Complex after the annual 1 July march and ransacked and vandalised the interior with anti-government slogans. The continued anti-government protests eventually led to the downfall of the bill on 4 September 2019.[4][5]

On 31 July 2020, Chief Executive Carrie Lam invoked the Emergency Regulations Ordinance to postpone the September general election for a whole year, citing the resurgence of COVID-19 cases and denying any political calculation to thwart opposition momentum and neutralise the pro-democracy movement.[6] The decision was backed by the NPCSC which in November 2021 disqualified four sitting pro-democracy legislators Alvin Yeung, Kwok Ka-ki, Dennis Kwok and Kenneth Leung on the grounds of the newly imposed national security law, which triggered the mass resignations of the remaining 15 pro-democracy legislators, leaving the council with a total number of 27 vacancies out of 70 seats.[7]

In March 2021 the NPCSC unveiled the

Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021 which was passed in the pro-Beijing dominated Legislative Council with 40-to-2 vote on 27 May 2021.[8]

Major events

2016–2017

pro-Beijing legislators staged a walkout on 19 October to force adjournment
in order to block the Youngspiration legislators to retake the oaths.

2018–2019

Members of two rival camps pushed and shoved each other in the Bills Committee meeting on 11 May 2019.
Occupation of the main chamber by the protesters.
  • 1 July 2019: Storming of the Legislative Council Complex where hundreds of protesters broke through the glass walls and metal doors and entered the building, ransacked and vandalised the interior with anti-government slogans. It is considered a watershed event in the 2019–20 protests.

2019–2020

  • 18 May 2020: After a months-long filibustering by the pro-democrats on the election of the House Committee chair, President Andrew Leung invoked Article 92 of the Rule of Procedures to scrap the duties of Dennis Kwok, the former vice chair of the House Committee who had been presiding the meetings and replaced Chan Kin-por, chair of the Finance Committee who successfully presided the election after the pro-democrat legislators being expelled amid the clashes broke out between the pro-democrats and the security.
  • 31 July 2020: Chief Executive Carrie Lam announced the postponement of 2020 general election for a whole year.
  • 11 August 2020: NPCSC passed a decision to extend the incumbent 6th Legislative Council to extend its term for no less than one year, all members of Legco can stay but two decided to resign in protest to the extension.
15 sitting pro-democracy legislators announced resignation en masse during a press conference with 4 former legislators

2020–2021

  • 11 November 2020: NPCSC passed a decision which led to the disqualification of four sitting legislators by Hong Kong Government, 15 remaining pro-democracy legislators announced their resignation on the same day, with the effective dates ranging from 11 November to 1 December. The Legco has now no effective opposition.

Major legislation

Enacted

  • 14 June 2018: Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link (Co-location) Bill
  • 12 June 2020:
    National Anthem Bill
  • 12 May 2021:
    Public Offices (Candidacy and Taking Up Offices)(Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill 2021
  • 27 May 2021:
    Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021

Electoral changes

After the passage of the

Carrie Lam administration began to roll out the local electoral legislation. On 13 April after the Executive Council passed the Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021, the government unveiled the 765-page bill with more details of the future electoral system.[13] A raft of changes to the Elections (Corrupt and Illegal Conduct) Ordinance was also included legislation to "regulate acts that manipulate or undermine elections", which would criminalise inciting people not to vote or cast blank or spoiled ballots. Violators could face up to three years in prison.[14] The pro-Beijing-dominated Legislative Council voted on the 369 amendments tabled by the government, before passing the bill with 40-to-2 vote on 27 May 2021. The only two opposition legislators, Civic Passion's Cheng Chung-tai said that the overhaul would be a real touchstone of the principle of "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong", while Pierre Chan for the Medical constituency said that the new electoral system was a "regression in democracy."[15]

Proposed

  • Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019

Composition

Summary

Affiliation Election At dissolution
Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong 12 13
Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong 7 8
Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions 5 4
Liberal Party 4 4
New People's Party 3 2
Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions 1 1
New Century Forum 1 1
Roundtable 0 1
Independent
7 7
Total for pro-Beijing camp 40 41
Democratic Party 7 0
Civic Party 6 0
Professional Commons 2 0
People Power 1 0
League of Social Democrats 1 0
Labour Party 1 0
Demosisto 1 0
Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre 1 0
Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union 1 0
HK First 0 0#
Neo Democrats 0 0*
Independent
5 0
Total for pro-democracy camp 26 0
Civic Passion 1 0
Youngspiration 2 0
Total for localist camp 3 0
Non-aligned independent 1 1
Vacant 0 27
Total 70 42

* The Neo Democrats won one seat in the New Territories East by-election, but lost it after a court declared Gary Fan not duly elected.
# Resigned en masse with pro-democracy camp.

Change in membership

  • LegCo membership
  • 26 August 2021 – 31 December 2021
    26 August 2021 – 31 December 2021
  • 1 December 2020 – 26 August 2021
    1 December 2020 – 26 August 2021
  • 13 November 2020 – 1 December 2020
    13 November 2020 – 1 December 2020
  • 11 November 2020 – 13 November 2020
    11 November 2020 – 13 November 2020
  • 30 September 2020 – 11 November 2020
    30 September 2020 – 11 November 2020
  • 18 September 2020 – 30 September 2020
    18 September 2020 – 30 September 2020
  • 1 June 2020 – 18 September 2020
    1 June 2020 – 18 September 2020
  • 7 September 2019 – 1 June 2020
    7 September 2019 – 1 June 2020
  • 22 December 2018 – 7 September 2019
    22 December 2018 – 7 September 2019
  • 26 November 2018 – 22 December 2018
    26 November 2018 – 22 December 2018
  • 12 March 2018 – 26 November 2018
    12 March 2018 – 26 November 2018
  • 14 July 2017 – 12 March 2018
    14 July 2017 – 12 March 2018
  • 10 April 2017 – 14 July 2017
    10 April 2017 – 14 July 2017
  • 15 November 2016 – 10 April 2017
    15 November 2016 – 10 April 2017
  • 1 October 2016 – 15 November 2016
    1 October 2016 – 15 November 2016
Date Affiliation Total Vacant
Localist Pro-democracy Non-aligned Pro-Beijing
End of previous LegCo 1 26 1 42 70 0
I Begin (1 October 2016) 6 23 1 40 70 0
7 October 2016 3 26
15 November 2016 1 68 2
14 July 2017 22 64 6
II 11 March 2018 24 42 68 2
III 25 November 2018 43 69 1
IV 17 December 2019 22 67 3
1 June 2020 42 66 4
18 September 2020 41 65 5
30 September 2020 19 62 8
V 11 November 2020 15 58 12
13 November 2020 13 56 14
1 December 2020 0 43 27
26 August 2021 0 42 28

Graphical representation

Legislative Council membership at dissolution
Legislative Council division by caucus at dissolution

Legislative Council of Hong Kong seat composition by party at dissolution.

Non-aligned (1)

  
Independent
(1)

Vacant (28)

  Vacant (28)

Pro-Beijing
(41)

  Liberal (4)
  Roundtable (1)
  BPA (8)
  New Forum (1)
  NPP (2)
  DAB (13)
  FTU (5)
  FLU (1)
  
Independent
(7)

Leadership

President Andrew Leung
  • BPA
    )

Convenors

List of members

All members are listed by seniority according to the year of the beginning of consecutive service then the order of swearing in (i.e. the number of strokes in the traditional characters of names in Chinese per precedent) with the president of the Legislative Council being ranked first.

Members who did not serve throughout the term are italicised. Supplementary members elected in by-elections are listed below.

Key to changes since legislative election:

a = change in party allegiance
b = by-election
c = did not take seat
Capacity Constituency Portrait Elected Members Elected Party Political Alignment Born Occupation(s) Assumed
Office
President of the Legislative Council
FC Industrial (First) Andrew Leung BPA Pro-Beijing (1951-02-24)24 February 1951 Merchant 2004
Other members
FC District Council (Second) James To[a] Democratic Pro-democracy (1963-03-11)11 March 1963 Solicitor 1998
FC District Council (Second) Leung Yiu-chung[a]
NWSC
Pro-democracy (1953-05-19)19 May 1953 Legislative Councillor 1998
FC Real Estate and Construction Abraham Shek BPA Pro-Beijing (1945-06-24)24 June 1945 Company Director 2000
FC Catering Tommy Cheung Liberal Pro-Beijing (1949-09-30)30 September 1949 Merchant
Legislative Councillor
2000
FC Health Services Joseph Lee[a]
Independent
Pro-democracy (1959-08-14)14 August 1959 Dean and Professor 2004
FC Commercial (First) Jeffrey Lam BPA Pro-Beijing (1951-10-23)23 October 1951 Merchant 2004
FC Import and Export Wong Ting-kwong DAB Pro-Beijing (1949-09-12)12 September 1949 Merchant 2004
FC District Council (Second) Starry Lee DAB Pro-Beijing (1974-03-13)13 March 1974 Accountant
Legislative Councillor
2008
GC
New Territories East
Chan Hak-kan
DAB/NTAS Pro-Beijing (1976-04-24)24 April 1976 Legislative Councillor 2008
FC Insurance Chan Kin-por
Independent
Pro-Beijing (1954-05-10)10 May 1954 Legislative Councillor
Chief Executive
2008
GC Kowloon West Priscilla Leung BPA/KWND Pro-Beijing (1960-11-18)18 November 1960 Associate Professor
Barrister-at-law
2008
GC
Kowloon East
Wong Kwok-kin FTU Pro-Beijing (1952-05-03)3 May 1952 Legislative Councillor 2008
GC Hong Kong Island Regina Ip NPP Pro-Beijing (1950-08-24)24 August 1950 Chair of Savantas Policy Institute 2008
GC
Kowloon East
Paul Tse
Independent
Pro-Beijing (1959-01-21)21 January 1959 Solicitor 2008
GC
New Territories East
b
Leung Kwok-hung[b] LSD/AFA Pro-democracy (1957-01-18)18 January 1957 Legislative Councillor
2010 (b)
GC Kowloon West Claudia Mo[c] Civica Pro-democracy (1956-03-27)27 March 1956 N/A 2012
GC
New Territories West
Michael Tien NPPa Pro-Beijing (1950-08-26)26 August 1950 Legislative Councillor
Entrepreneur
2012
FC Agriculture and Fisheries
Steven Ho
DAB Pro-Beijing (1979-11-30)30 November 1979 Legislative Councillor 2012
FC Transport Frankie Yick Liberal Pro-Beijing 1953 (1953) Company Director 2012
GC
Kowloon East
Wu Chi-wai[a] Democratic Pro-democracy (1962-10-18)18 October 1962 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2012
FC Tourism Yiu Si-wing
Independent
Pro-Beijing 1955 (1955) Deputy chair of China Travel Service 2012
FC Sports, Performing Arts,
Culture and Publication
Ma Fung-kwok New Forum Pro-Beijing (1955-07-22)22 July 1955 Managing Director 2012
FC Information Technology Charles Mok[a]
Prof Commons
Pro-democracy (1964-10-25)25 October 1964 Legislative Councillor 2012
GC
New Territories East
Chan Chi-chuen[d]
People Power Pro-democracy (1972-04-16)16 April 1972 Legislative Councillor 2012
GC
New Territories West
Chan Han-pan
DAB/NTAS Pro-Beijing 1975 (1975) Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2012
GC
New Territories West
Leung Che-cheung DAB/NTAS Pro-Beijing (1957-12-03)3 December 1957 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2012
FC Accountancy Kenneth Leung[e]
Prof Commons
Pro-democracy (1962-10-17)17 October 1962 Tax Consultant
Accountant
2012
GC
New Territories West
Alice Mak
FTU Pro-Beijing (1971-11-01)1 November 1971 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2012
GC
New Territories West
Kwok Ka-ki[e] Civic Pro-democracy (1961-07-20)20 July 1961 Urologist 2012
GC Hong Kong Island Kwok Wai-keung FTU Pro-Beijing (1978-04-15)15 April 1978 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2012
FC Legal Dennis Kwok[e]
Prof Commons
)
Pro-democracy (1978-04-15)15 April 1978 Barrister-at-law 2012
FC Financial Services Christopher Cheung BPA Pro-Beijing (1952-05-02)2 May 1952 Securities Dealer 2012
GC
New Territories East
Fernando Cheung[a] Labour Pro-democracy (1957-02-23)23 February 1957 Lecturer 2012
GC Kowloon West
Helena Wong[a]
Democratic Pro-democracy (1959-03-21)21 March 1959 Lecturer 2012
FC Education Ip Kin-yuen[a]
PTU
Pro-democracy 1961 (1961) Legislative Councillor
Teacher
2012
GC
New Territories East
Elizabeth Quat DAB Pro-Beijing (1966-12-23)23 December 1966 Legislative Councillor 2012
FC Commercial (Second) Martin Liao
Independent
Pro-Beijing 1957 (1957) Barrister-at-law 2012
FC Labour Poon Siu-ping FLU Pro-Beijing 1957 (1957) Trade Union Staff 2012
GC Kowloon West
Chiang Lai-wan
DAB Pro-Beijing (1955-05-16)16 May 1955 Legislative Councillor 2012
FC Engineering Lo Wai-kwok BPA Pro-Beijing (1953-12-25)25 December 1953 Engineer 2012
FC Textiles and Garment
Chung Kwok-pan
Liberal Pro-Beijing (1963-11-04)4 November 1963 Merchant 2012
GC
New Territories East
Alvin Yeung[e] Civic Pro-democracy (1981-06-05)5 June 1981 Barrister-at-law 2016 (b)
GC
New Territories West
Andrew Wan[a] Democratic Pro-democracy (1969-06-07)7 June 1969 Legislative Councillor 2016
GC
New Territories West
Eddie Chu[d]
Independent
Localist
Pro-democracy
(1977-09-29)29 September 1977 Community Organiser 2016
FC Industrial (Second) Jimmy Ng
Independent
a
Pro-Beijing (1969-06-17)17 June 1969 Company Director 2016
GC
New Territories West
Junius Ho
Independent
Pro-Beijing (1962-06-04)4 June 1962 Solicitor 2016
FC Labour Ho Kai-ming[f] FTU Pro-Beijing (1985-01-06)6 January 1985 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2016
GC
New Territories East
Lam Cheuk-ting[a] Democratic Pro-democracy (1977-06-13)13 June 1977 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2016
FC District Council (Second) Holden Chow DAB Pro-Beijing (1979-06-07)7 June 1979 Solicitor 2016
FC Wholesale and Retail
Shiu Ka-fai
Liberal Pro-Beijing (1970-04-22)22 April 1970 Company Director 2016
FC Social Welfare Shiu Ka-chun[a]
Independent
Pro-democracy (1969-06-03)3 June 1969 University Teacher 2016
GC
Kowloon East
Wilson Or DAB Pro-Beijing (1973-07-09)9 July 1973 Legislative Councillor 2016
GC
New Territories East
Yung Hoi-yan
NPP Pro-Beijing (1977-06-07)7 June 1977 Barrister-at-law 2016
FC Medical Pierre Chan
Independent
Non-aligned (1967-08-18)18 August 1967 Doctor 2016
FC Finance Chan Chun-ying
Independent
Pro-Beijing 1961 (1961) Advisor 2016
GC Hong Kong Island Tanya Chan[g] Civica Pro-democracy (1971-09-14)14 September 1971 Barrister-at-law 2016
GC Hong Kong Island
Cheung Kwok-kwan
DAB Pro-Beijing (1974-06-30)30 June 1974 Solicitor 2016
GC Hong Kong Island
Hui Chi-fung[c]
Democratic Pro-democracy (1982-06-08)8 June 1982 Legislative Councillor 2016
FC Labour Luk Chung-hung FTU Pro-Beijing (1978-09-21)21 September 1978 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2016
FC District Council (First) Lau Kwok-fan DAB Pro-Beijing (1978-06-28)28 June 1978 Legislative Councillor 2016
FC Heung Yee Kuk Kenneth Lau BPA Pro-Beijing 1966 (1966) Merchant 2016
GC
New Territories West
Cheng Chung-tai[h] Civic Passion Localist (1983-11-05)5 November 1983 Legislative Councillor 2016
FC District Council (Second)
Kwong Chun-yu[a]
Democratic Pro-democracy (1983-02-09)9 February 1983 Legislative Councillor 2016
GC
Kowloon East
Jeremy Tam[a] Civic Pro-democracy (1975-06-13)13 June 1975 Pilot 2016
GC Hong Kong Islandb Nathan Law[b] Demosisto Localist
Pro-democracy
(1993-07-13)13 July 1993 Legislative Councillor 2016
FC Architectural, Surveying,
Planning and Landscape
b
Yiu Chung-yim[b]
Independent
Pro-democracy (1964-07-19)19 July 1964 Lecturer 2016
GC Kowloon Westb Lau Siu-lai[b]
Independent
Localist
Pro-democracy
(1976-08-03)3 August 1976 Lecturer 2016
GC
New Territories East
b
Sixtus Leung c [i]
Youngspiration Localist (1986-08-07)7 August 1986 N/A 2016
GC Kowloon Westb Yau Wai-ching c [i] Youngspiration Localist (1991-05-06)6 May 1991 N/A 2016
Supplementary members
GC
New Territories East
Gary Fan[j] Neo Democrats Pro-democracy (1966-10-30)30 October 1966 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2018 (b)
GC Hong Kong Island Au Nok-hin[j]
Independent
Pro-democracy (1987-06-18)18 June 1987 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2018 (b)
GC Kowloon West Vincent Cheng DAB Pro-Beijing (1979-07-18)18 July 1979 Legislative Councillor
District Councillor
2018 (b)
FC Architectural, Surveying,
Planning and Landscape
Tony Tse
Independent
Pro-Beijing (1954-10-27)27 October 1954 Surveyor 2018 (b)
GC Kowloon West Chan Hoi-yan[k]
Independent
Pro-Beijing (1977-11-19)19 November 1977 Legislative Councillor 2018 (b)

By-elections

Other changes

2016

2017

  • New Territories West) announced his resignation from the New People's Party on 10 April and formed his own political group Roundtable.[17]

2018

Committees

Committee 2016–2017 2017–2018 2018–2019 2019–2020 2020–2021
House C
DAB
)
VC Dennis Kwok (CP/PC) Ma Fung-kwok (NCF)
Parliamentary Liaison C
PTU
)
V.
VC Kenneth Leung (PC) V.
Finance C Chan Kin-por (Non.)
VC
NPP→RT
)
Chan Chun-ying (Non.)
Establishment C
NPP
)
DAB
)
NPP
)
VC Alvin Yeung (CP)
DAB
)
Chan Chi-chuen (PP
)
V. Yiu Si-wing (Non.)
Public Works C
BPA
)
Tony Tse (Non.)
VC Charles Mok (PC)
BPA
)
Public Accounts C
BPA
)
VC Kenneth Leung (PC) Paul Tse (Non.)
Members' Interests C Yiu Si-wing (Non.)
VC Claudia Mo (CPHKF)
DAB
)
Rules of Procedure C Paul Tse (Non.)
VC Kenneth Leung (PC)
DAB
)
Panels
Administration of Justice and Legal Services C
BPA
)
DAB
)
VC Dennis Kwok (CP/PC) Martin Liao (Non.)
Commerce and Industry C
DP
)
Yiu Si-wing (Non.)
BPA
)
LP
)
VC
LP
)
Alvin Yeung (CP)
BPA
)
Constitutional Affairs C Martin Liao (Non.)
DAB
)
DAB
)
VC
DAB
)
FTU
)
BPA
)
Development C
LP
)
DAB
)
Tony Tse (Non.)
BPA
)
VC
BPA
)
FTU
)
DAB
)
Economic Development C
BPA
)
LP
)
BPA
)
VC Alvin Yeung (CP)
DP
)
DAB
)
Education C
DAB
)
PTU
)
NPP
)
BPA
)
VC
PTU
)
DAB
)
PTU
)
FTU
)
Environmental Affairs C Tanya Chan (CP) Junius Ho (Non.)
DAB
)
VC Junius Ho (Non.)
DP
)
DAB
)
Paul Tse (Non.)
Financial Affairs C
BPA
)
Kenneth Leung (PC)
BPA
)
BPA
)
VC Kenneth Leung (PC)
BPA
)
Kenneth Leung (PC)
DAB
)
Food Safety and Environmental Hygiene C
DP
)
DAB
)
Kwok Ka-ki (CP)
LP
)
DAB
)
VC
DAB
)
Kwok Ka-ki (CP)
LP
)
DP
)
LP
)
Health Services C
Joseph Lee
(Non.)
Pierre Chan (Non.)
DAB
)
DAB
)
VC Pierre Chan (Non.)
Joseph Lee
(Non.)
Chan Hoi-yan (Non.) V.
BPA
)
Home Affairs C Ma Fung-kwok (NCF)
FTU
)
DAB
)
DAB
)
VC Jimmy Ng (Non.)
NPP
)
Au Nok-hin (Non.)
Chan Chi-chuen (PP
)
V.
FTU
)
Housing C
FTU
)
DAB
)
LP
)
VC Jimmy Ng (Non.)
NPP
)
Au Nok-hin (Non.)
Chan Chi-chuen (PP
)
V.
FTU
)
Information Technology and Broadcasting C
DAB
)
Charles Mok (PC)
DAB
)
Charles Mok (PC) Junius Ho (Non.)
VC Charles Mok (PC)
DAB
)
Charles Mok (PC)
DAB
)
Chan Kin-por (Non.)
Manpower C
DAB
)
FTU
)
Fernando Cheung (Lab)
FTU
)
DAB
)
FTU
)
VC
FTU
)
Fernando Cheung (Lab)
FTU
)
Eddie Chu (Non.) V. Chan Chun-ying (Non.)
Public Service C
FTU
)
Poon Siu-ping (FLU) Gary Fan (ND)
FTU
)
VC Jeremy Tam (CP) Martin Liao (Non.) Poon Siu-ping (FLU)
Security C
DAB
)
VC
DP
)
NPP
)
Transport C
DAB
)
LP
)
DAB
)
LP
)
VC Kwok Ka-ki (CP)
DP
)
Jeremy Tam (CP)
DAB
)
Welfare Services C
DAB
)
LP
)
DAB
)
LP
)
VC Shiu Ka-chun (Non.)
DP
)
DAB
)

Secretariat

  • Kenneth Chen

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Announced resignation on 12 November 2020 in protest to the 11 November disqualifications of four pro-democracy members.
  2. ^
    oath-taking controversy
    .
  3. ^ a b Resigned on 12 November 2020 in protest to the 11 November disqualifications of four pro-democracy members, with effective on 13 November.
  4. ^ a b Resigned on 30 September 2020 in protest to the postponement of the 2020 Legislative Council election.
  5. ^
    NPCSC
    decision for "endangering national security".
  6. ^ Resigned on 1 June 2020 to take the place of Under Secretary for Labour and Welfare.
  7. ^ Resigned on 30 September 2020 over health issue.
  8. ^ Disqualified on 26 August 2021 by the Candidate Eligibility Review Committee.
  9. ^
    oath-taking controversy
    .
  10. ^ a b Disqualified on 17 December 2019 as the result of the March 2018 Legislative Council by-election was ruled as invalid.
  11. ^ Disqualified on 18 September 2020 as the result of the November 2018 Kowloon West by-election was ruled as invalid.

References

  1. ^ "Beijing extends Hong Kong's Legislative Council term by 'at least one year' but kicks ball back to Carrie Lam to decide how disqualified lawmakers can continue their duties". South China Morning Post. 2020-08-11.
  2. ^ "Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (Chapter 1)--Revocation of the Decision to Prorogue the Sixth Term of the Legislative Council" (PDF). The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Gazette. 2020-08-14.
  3. ^ "Pro-democracy lawmakers Au Nok-hin and Gary Fan lose seats as Hong Kong's top court rejects election petition appeals". Hong Kong Free Press HKFP. 2019-12-17. Retrieved 2019-12-17.
  4. ^ "Hong Kong leader withdraws extradition bill, sets up platform to examine protest causes". South China Morning Post. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
  5. ^ "As it happened: Protesters call bill withdrawal 'band-aid on rotting flesh'". South China Morning Post. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  6. ^ "BREAKING: Hong Kong postpones legislative election citing Covid-19". Hong Kong Free Press. 31 July 2020.
  7. ^ "Hong Kong's pro-democracy legislators to resign en masse". Aljazeera. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  8. ^ "Hong Kong lawmakers pass bill to revamp elections, reducing democratic representation". Hong Kong Free Press. 27 May 2021.
  9. ^ "Andrew Leung becomes president of Hong Kong Legco after dispute over British nationality". South China Morning Post. 12 October 2016.
  10. ^ "19 minutes of chaos: Legco president calls pro-establishment camp walkout 'unfortunate', plans new oaths for localists". South China Morning Post. 19 October 2016.
  11. ^ "Democrats decry 'coup' as pro-Beijing lawmaker seeks to take over vetting of China extradition bill". Hong Kong Free Press. 6 May 2019.
  12. ^ "Hong Kong government condemns 'disorderly and uncontrollable conditions' after Legco chaos halts meeting of committee reviewing extradition bill". South China Morning Post. 11 May 2019.
  13. ^ "Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021". Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau.
  14. ^ "Urging people to spoil or cast blank ballots in elections to become a crime in Hong Kong". Hong Kong Free Press. 13 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Hong Kong lawmakers pass bill to revamp elections, reducing democratic representation". Hong Kong Free Press. 27 May 2021.
  16. ^ "Hong Kong lawmaker Claudia Mo resigns from Civic Party citing 'differences' over localism and other issues". South China Morning Post. 14 November 2016.
  17. ^ "【新民黨分裂】直播田北辰宣佈退黨:因了解而分開". Apple Daily. 14 November 2016.
  18. ^ "政Whats噏:吳永嘉入工商界政黨 一餐飯決定". on.cc. 2018-12-22.