Andrés Novales
Andrés Novales | |
---|---|
The Philippines | |
In office June 1, 1823 – June 2, 1823 | |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
Personal details | |
Born | Andrés Lopez de Novales y Castro c. 1795 Kingdom of Spain[1] |
Spouse | Laureana San Lucas [2] |
Profession | Military soldier |
Military service | |
Branch/service | Spanish Army |
Years of service | 1814-1823 |
Rank | Captain |
Unit | 1st Light Infantry Battalion (Manila) |
Andrés Novales (c. 1800 – June 2, 1823) was a Filipino captain in the Spanish Army in the Philippines, and the self-proclaimed Emperor of the Philippines.
His unease about the treatment of Creole soldiers led him to start a revolt in 1823 that inspired even people like José Rizal. He successfully captured Intramuros and was proclaimed Emperor of the Philippines by his followers. However, he was defeated within the day by Spanish reinforcements from Pampanga.[3]
Early life and career
Novales' father was a captain in the Spanish Army, while his mother was born to a prominent family in the Philippines. He became a cadet at the age of nine and a lieutenant at fourteen. When he heard of an
Novales revolt
Novales' unease with the way Spanish authorities treated
On the night of June 1, 1823, Novales, along with a certain sub-lieutenant Ruiz and other subordinates in the King's Regiment, as well as discontented former Latino officers "americanos", composed mostly of Mexicans with a sprinkling of Creoles and mestizos from the now independent nations of Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Argentina and Costa Rica,[5] went out to start a revolt.[4][6] Along with 800 Filipinos which his sergeants recruited, they seized the Governor-General's Palace, the Manila Cathedral, the city's cabildo (city hall) and other important government buildings in Intramuros.
Failing to find the Governor-General, they killed the lieutenant governor and former governor-general
At 5:00 pm of June 2, Novales, Ruiz, and 21 sergeants were executed by firing squad in a garden near Puerta del Postigo. In his last minutes, Novales declared that he and his comrades shall set an example of fighting for freedom. Mariano was initially to be executed as well for being Andrés' brother, but the crowd pleaded for his freedom with the argument that he had saved the government from being overthrown. Mariano received a monthly pension of
Legacy
Novales was a self-proclaimed emperor, and his revolution lasted only a day. His fight for equality and freedom, however, set ablaze a series of other uprisings that eventually led to the formation of the Philippines as a nation.
See also
References
- ^ https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/30347/pg30347-images.html
- ^ https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7VW-RMJ
- ^ a b c Joaquin, Nick (1990). Manila,My Manila. Vera-Reyes, Inc.
- ^ a b c John Scott, John Taylor (1826). The London Magazine, Volume 14. pp. 512–516.
- ^ "Filipinos In Mexico’s History 4 (The Mexican Connection – The Cultural Cargo Of The Manila-Acapulco Galleons) By Carlos Quirino
- ISBN 9789712350450.
- ^ "General at once ordered Andres Novales". www.freefictionbooks.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-31.