Apamea apamiformis
Apamea apamiformis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
Family: | Noctuidae |
Genus: | Apamea |
Species: | A. apamiformis
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Binomial name | |
Apamea apamiformis Guenée, 1852
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Synonyms | |
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Apamea apamiformis, known by the common names rice worm moth, riceworm,[1] and wild rice worm,[2] is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, including Wisconsin,[3]: 23 New York, Minnesota and eastern Canada, with imperiled or critically imperiled populations in Maryland and Indiana, respectively, and a vulnerable population in New Jersey.[4]
Description
The adult's wingspan is about 39 millimetres (1.5 in). Adults are dimorphic, with a dark form and a light form distinguished by the coloration of the forewing.[5]: 37–38 The reniform spot is dark[5]: 25 with white scales along that spot's concave border (facing the forewing's outer margin).[5]: 38
Life cycle and behavior
Adults are on wing from June to August depending on the location. They feed on nectar from
Eggs are laid in the
Economic importance
The larva is known as the most serious insect pest of cultivated wild rice in Minnesota,[2] and perhaps the entire Upper Midwest of the United States.[7] The larvae may be mistaken for rice grains during harvesting.
References
- ^ Apamea apamiformis. Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California. California Invasive Species Advisory Committee. 2010.
- ^ a b Nelson, J. J. Insect Pests: Wild Rice Worm. Archived January 27, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Crop Profile for Wild Rice in Minnesota. NSF Center for Integrated Pest Management & USDA. 2000.
- ^ Ferge, Leslie A.; Balogh, George J.; Johnson, Kyle E. (June 2018). "Checklist of Wisconsin Moths" (PDF). Wisconsin Entomological Society Special Publication No. 6. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ Schweitzer, Dale F. (30 September 2022). "Apamea apamiformis". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-933003-14-9. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Peterson, A.G.; Noetzel, D.M.; Sargent, J.E.; Hanson, P.E.; Johnson, C.B.; Soemawinata, A.T. (1981). "Insects of Wild Rice in Minnesota". St. Paul, Minnesota: University of Minnesota. R157. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ Oelke, E. A. 1993. Wild rice: Domestication of a native North American genus. p. 235-43. In: Janick, J. and J. E. Simon (eds.), New Crops. Wiley, New York. Accessed 30 July 2022.
External links
Further reading
- MacKay, M. R. and E. W. Rockburne. (1958). Notes on life-history and larval description of Apamea apamiformis (Guenée), a pest of wild rice (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The Canadian Entomologist 90(10), 579-82.