Augustine blood group system
The Augustine blood group system is a
SLC29A1.[1]
Antigens
The protein which acts as the Augustine antigens is
erythroid progenitor cells and in mature red blood cells.[3] There are four known variants of the antigen: AUG1, AUG2, AUG3, and AUG4.[1] One person may express multiple variants; AUG:1,2,4 (expressing AUG1, AUG2, and AUG4) is the common phenotype.[3]
Number | Name | Prevalence | Allele |
---|---|---|---|
AUG1 | High | Splice site variant | |
AUG2 | Ata | High | Glu391Lys |
AUG3 | ATML | Low | p.Thr387Pro |
AUG4 | ATAM | High | p.Asn81Ser |
Clinical significance
In red blood cells, the Augustine antigen protein seems to play a role in
History
AUG2 was first identified as Ata in 1967 as a common human antigen.[3] The SLC29A1 gene was identified in 1997 and found to encode AUG1 and AUG2 in 2015.[3] In response to the 2015 discovery, the International Society of Blood Transfusion established the Augustine blood system as the 36th human blood group system.[3] AUG3 and AUG4 were identified in 2018.[1]
The blood group system was named Augustine after the surname of the individual with the first identified anti-Ata antibody, a woman of African ancestry whose third child had a positive
direct antiglobulin test at birth.[4]
References
- ^ (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
- ^ "SLC29A1 solute carrier family 29 member 1 (Augustine blood group) [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
- ^ (PDF) from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
- ^ S2CID 52933848.