Austrian State Treaty

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Austrian State Treaty
TypeMultilateral treaty
Signed15 May 1955 (1955-05-15)
LocationVienna, Austria
Effective27 July 1955 (1955-07-27)
Parties
Occupation zones in Austria, 1945–1955
Occupation zones in Vienna, 1945–1955
Austrian State Treaty with signatures of Dulles, Thompson, Pinay, Lalouette, and Leopold Figl, foreign minister of Austria

The Austrian State Treaty (

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia acceded to the treaty subsequently.[1] It officially came into force on 27 July 1955.[1]

Its full title is "Treaty for the re-establishment of an independent and democratic Austria, signed in Vienna on 15 May 1955" (German: Staatsvertrag betreffend die Wiederherstellung eines unabhängigen und demokratischen Österreich, unterzeichnet in Wien am 15. Mai).

Generalities and structure

The treaty re-established a

Moscow Declaration of 30 October 1943. The agreement and its annexes provided for Soviet oilfield concessions and property rights of oil refineries in Eastern Austria and the transfer of the assets of the Danube Shipping Company to the USSR.[1]

Treaty signatories

Nine parts of the treaty

  • Preamble
  • Political and territorial provisions
  • Military and air travel provisions
  • Reparations
  • Ownership, Law and Interests
  • Economic relations
  • Rules for disputes
  • Economic provisions
  • Final provisions

Development

After the

the first victim of Nazi aggression
—without denying Austria's role in Nazi crimes—and treated as a liberated and independent country after the war.

In the immediate

France. Vienna was similarly subdivided, but the central district was collectively administered by the Allied Control Council
.

Whereas Germany was divided into

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, even though the issue of potential reunification with South Tyrol, annexed by Italy from Austria-Hungary
in 1919, was not addressed.

The climate for negotiations improved with Joseph Stalin's death in 1953 and the warming of relations known as the Khrushchev Thaw. Negotiations with the Soviet foreign minister, Molotov, secured the breakthrough in February 1955.[3]

After Austrian promises of perpetual neutrality, Austria was accorded full independence on 15 May 1955, and the last occupation troops left on 25 October that year.

Important points in the treaty

As well as general regulations and recognition of the Austrian state, the minority rights of the Slovene and Croat minorities were also expressly detailed. Anschluss (Austria's political union with Germany), as had happened in 1938, was forbidden (German recognition of Austria's sovereignty and independence and renunciation by Germany of territorial claims over Austria were later covered in general terms in the 1990 Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany about existing borders, but not specifically). Nazi and fascist organisations were prohibited.

Austrian neutrality is actually not in the original text of the treaty but was declared by parliament on 26 October 1955, after the last Allied troops were to leave Austria according to the treaty.

Result

As a result of the treaty the Allies left Austrian territory on 25 October 1955. 26 October came to be celebrated as a national holiday (called the Day of the Flag until 1965). It is sometimes thought to commemorate the withdrawal of Allied troops, but in fact celebrates Austria's Declaration of Neutrality, which was passed on 26 October 1955.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Slusser, Robert M.; Triska, Jan F. (1959). A Calendar of Soviet Treaties 1917-1957. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 328.
  2. S2CID 241566469
    .
  3. ^ "Austrian State Treaty, 1955". 2001-2009.state.gov. 18 July 2008. Retrieved 2017-06-15.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Austrian_State_Treaty&oldid=1189160929"