Badr al-Din al-Ayni

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Badr al-Din al-'Ayni
Personal
Born30 July 1361
Maturidi[1]

Abū Muḥammad Maḥmūd ibn Aḥmad ibn Mūsā Badr al-Dīn al-ʿAynī, often quoted simply as al-'Ayni (

jurist and hadith scholar of his time.[7]

Biography

He was born into a scholarly family in 762

Sufi retreat) in Cairo. Al-Sayrami invited al-'Ayni to accompany him home to Cairo, where he became one of the Sufis of the Zāhiriyah.[11] This was a step upward for the young al-'Ayni, as it represented entry into "an institution with ties to the highest level of the ruling elite."[12]

He established a good reputation and initially met with favor. However, after al-Sayrāmī died in 790 AH (1388 CE), al-'Ayni became involved in a personal conflict with the

amir Jārkas al-Khalīlī, who tried to run him out of Cairo.[13] Al-'Ayni later described al-Khalīlī as arrogant and dictatorial – "a man pleased by his own opinion."[14] He was saved from expulsion by one of his teachers, Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini, but prudently decided to leave for a time anyway.[15]

From Cairo he went to teach in

amir,[16]
and returned to Cairo some time before 800 AH (1398 CE.)

Once back in Cairo, al-'Ayni strengthened his social and political position by associating with several amirs, making the

'ulama' : "From that day on, there was hostility between the two men until they both died."[20]

Al-'Ayni and al-Maqrīzī succeeded each other as muhtasib of Cairo several times over the next few years, probably a reflection of the power struggle between Jakm min 'Awd and al-Maqrīzī's patron, Yashbak al-Sha'bānī.

al-Nasir Faraj, Barqūq's son and successor, al-'Ayni was appointed to the "lucrative and prestigious"[22] post of nāzir al-ahbas (overseer of pious endowments.) He would be dismissed from and reappointed to this post several times, finally securing it for good in the reign of Sultan Mu'ayyad Shaykh and keeping it until he was ninety-one.[23]

Part of a series on
Maturidism
Mausoleum of Imam al-Maturidi in Samarkand
Background
Eminent scholars
Theological works
Institutions
Events
Related groups
Classic
Modern
  • Deobandis
  • Barelwis

Al-'Ayni's prestige grew as he aged. Mu'ayyad Shaykh named him ambassador to the

Qaramanids in 823 AH (1420 CE.) Later in life he would be called upon to lecture on learned topics before the Sultan, sometimes reading history aloud in Arabic and explaining it in Turkish for the Sultan's benefit.[24] Sultan al-Ashraf Barsbāy is reported to have said "Islam is known only through him"[25] and law lā al-'ayntābi la-kāna fī islāmina shay', "If not for al-'Ayntabi there would be something suspect in our Islam."[26] Barsbāy sometimes sent al-'Ayni as his representative to greet foreign dignitaries, apparently because of his fluency in several languages.[27]

Barsbāy often turned to al-'Ayni for advice on legal matters,

Shafi'i qadi, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, were dismissed at the same time because their constant feuding was distracting them from their duties; though he adds that this was a calumny spread by his enemies at court. He was later reappointed.[29]

In the reign of Barsbāy's successor, al-Aziz Jaqmaq, al-'Ayni was dismissed as chief Hanafi qadi again. He withdrew from court and concentrated on his scholarly writing.[30] In 853 AH (1449 CE) he was dismissed as nāzir al-ahbas, probably because of failing memory.[31] He died in 855 AH (1451 CE) at the age of ninety-three, having outlived all his children, and was buried in his own madrasah in Cairo.

Works

See also

References

  1. ^ محمد ياسين بن محمد عيسى الفاداني المكي (2005). "الروض الفائح وبغية الغادي والرائح بإجازة فضيلة الأستاذ محمد رياض المالح" (in Arabic). Beirut: Dar al-Basha'ir al-Islamiyya. p. 27. الآثار المخطوطة: ۱ ـ رسالة التوحيد على مذهب الإمام أبي منصور الماتريدي، للإمام بدر الدين العيني
  2. ISBN 978-1851686636
    .
  3. ISBN 9004081143
    .
  4. ^ "Int". www.e-imj.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2006. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  5. ^ a b Abdal-Hakim Murad – Contentions 8
  6. ^ "Beards: Ibn Abidin says". qibla.com. 14 September 2012.
  7. ISBN 9780190092924
    .
  8. ^ Al-'Ayni, al-Sayf al-Muhammad fī Sīrat al-Malik al-Mu'ayyad, ed. Falūm Muhammad Shaltūt (Cairo, 1967.)
  9. ISBN 9781400856411
    . Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  10. ^ Anne F. Broadbridge, "Academic Rivalry and the Patronage System in Fifteenth-Century Egypt", Mamluk Studies Review,Vol. 3 (1999), Note 4.
  11. ^ Ibn Taghrībirdī, al-Nujūm al-Zāhirah fī Mulūk Misr wa-al-Qahirah (Beirut, 1992.)
  12. ^ Broadbridge, p.87.
  13. '^ Al-Sākhawī, al Daw' al-Lami' li-Ahl al-Qarn al-Tasi (Cairo, date not given.)
  14. ^ Ibn Taghrībirdī, quoting al-'Ayni in al-Nujūm al-Zāhirah fī Mulūk Misr wa-al-Qahirah (Beirut, 1992), 4:207.
  15. ^ Al-'Ayni, al-Sayf al-Muhammad, editor's introduction, p. li.
  16. ^ Al-'Ayni, 'Iqd al-Jumān fī Ta'rikh Ahl al-Zamán, ed. 'Abd al-Rāziq al-Tanrāwi al-Qarmūt (Cairo, 1985.)
  17. ^ Ibn Taghrībirdī, al-Manhal al-Sāfi al-Muhammad fī Sirat al-Malik al-Mu'ayyad, ed. Muhammad Muhammad Amin (Cairo, 1984), 1:417.
  18. ^ Ibn Taghrībirdī, al-Manhal al-Sāfi, 4:313–22.
  19. ^ al-Maqrīzī, Kitāb al-Sulúk li-Ma'rifat Duwal al-Mulúk, ed. Sa'id Āshūr (Cairo, 1973), 3:2:740.
  20. ^ a b Ibn Taghribīrdī, al-Nujūm, 15:287.
  21. ^ Broadbridge, pp.89–90, "The Muhtasib Incident".
  22. ^ Broadbridge, p.91.
  23. ^ Ibn Taghribīrdī, History of Egypt 1382–1467, trans. William Popper, University of California (Berkeley, 1958.)
  24. ^ Al-Maqrīzī, Kitāb al-Sulūk, 4:2:698.
  25. ^ Al-Sakhāwi, "al-I'lān bi-al-Tawdīh li Man Damma Ahl al-Tārikh," edited and translated by Franz Rosenthal in A History of Muslim Historiography (Leiden, 1952.)
  26. ^ Ibn Taghribīrdī, al-Nujūm, 15:287; trans. Broadbridge, p. 96.
  27. ^ a b Al-'Ayni, 'Iqd al-Jumān, 2:21.
  28. ^ al-Sakhawi, al-Daw' , 10:134.
  29. ^ Al-'Ayni, 'Iqd al-Jumān, 372.
  30. ^ al-Sakhāwi, al-Daw' , 10:133.
  31. ^ Ibn Taghribīrdī, History of Egypt 1382–1467, trans. Popper, 19:118.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Badr_al-Din_al-Ayni&oldid=1205834610"