Bismuth oxychloride

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Bismuth oxychloride
Names
Other names
bismuthyl chloride
bismuth oxochloride
bismuth oxide chloride
bismuth(III) oxide chloride
bismoclite
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.029.202 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 232-122-7
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Bi.ClH.O/h;1H;/q+1;;/p-1 checkY
    Key: GLQBXSIPUULYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/Bi.ClH.O/h;1H;/q+1;;/p-1/rBiClO/c2-1-3
    Key: GLQBXSIPUULYOG-JKOFJLRAAJ
  • Cl[Bi]=O
Properties
BiOCl
Molar mass 260.43 g·mol−1
Appearance Lustrous white crystals with a pearly
iridescent
light reflectivity
Density
  • 7.36 g/cm3 (measured)
  • 7.78 g/cm3 (calculated)
[1]
negligible
Solubility soluble in acids
Structure
Tetragonal, tP6[2]
P4/nmm, No. 129
a = 0.3887 nm, c = 0.7354 nm
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Bismuth oxychloride is an

iridescent light reflectivity similar to nacre. Previously, until the last decade of the twentieth century, bismuth oxochloride was known as bismuthyl chloride. It is also known as pigment
pearl white.

Structure

The structure of bismuth oxychloride can be thought of as consisting of layers of Cl−, Bi3+ and O2− ions (in the image Bi = grey, O = red, Cl = green). These ions are ordered as Cl–Bi–O–Bi–Cl–Cl–Bi–O–Bi–Cl, i.e., with alternating anions (Cl−, O2−) and cations (Bi3+). The layered structure gives rise to the pearlescent properties of this material.

Focusing on the coordination environment of the individual ions, the bismuth centers adopt a distorted square antiprismatic coordination geometry. The Bi atom is coordinated to four Cl atoms, forming one of the square faces, each at a distance of 3.06 Å from Bi, and four O atoms forming the other square face, each at a distance of 2.32 Å from Bi. The O atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated by four Bi atoms.[2]

Synthesis and reactions

BiOCl is formed during the reaction of bismuth chloride with water, i.e. the hydrolysis:

BiCl3 + H2O → BiOCl + 2 HCl

When heated above 600 °C, BiOCl converts to Bi24O31Cl10, called the "Arppe compound" which has a complex layer structure.[3][4]

Use and occurrence

It has been used in cosmetics since the days of ancient Egypt. It is part of the "pearly pigment found in eye shadow, hair sprays, powders, nail polishes, and other cosmetic products".[5] Owing to the plate-like structure of the BiOCl, its suspensions exhibit optical properties like nacre. In cosmetic its name is C.I. 77163.[6]

BiOCl exists in nature as the rare mineral bismoclite, which is part of the matlockite mineral group.[7]

An analogous compound, bismuth oxynitrate, is used as a white pigment.

References

  1. ISBN 0-9622097-2-4
    . Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  2. ^
    ISSN 0044-2968
    .
  3. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8
    .
  4. PMID 10877351
    .
  5. doi:10.1002/14356007.a20_243.pub2
    .
  6. ^ Carrasco, F. 2009. Diccionario de Ingredientes Cosmeticos(Paperback)
  7. ^ Bismoclite on Mindat.org
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bismuth_oxychloride&oldid=1213698412"